Eco engineering for wastes treatment in process of alcohol production

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缺氧反硝化-好氧间歇试验处理印染PVA退浆废水

系统研究了投加硝态氮NO3^--N的反硝化工艺在缺氧，好氧，生物碳间歇试验中处理印染PVA退浆废水的效果。结果表明．按照缺氧反硝化投加硝态氮NO3^--N比缺氧水解-生物膜法对CODcr的去除率：缺氧池，好氧池均提高了30％．缺氧反硝化工艺二沉池出水经过生物碳处理后CODcr的去除率达到90％。缺氧反硝化，好氧的降解速率常数分别由缺氧水解，好氧的0．0126h^-1，0．0345h^-1，提高到0．080h^-1,0．112h^-1,NO3^--N与CODcr之比为0．20是处理印染PVA退浆废水成功的关键。     

应用分子拓扑理论预测卤代芳烃的正辛醇/水分配系数

以分子拓扑理论为基础，提出了一个新的拓扑指数Ｙ，并用Ｙ研究了部分卤代芳烃的正辛醇／水分配系数ＫＯＷ。研究表明，Ｙ与卤代芳烃的正辛醇／水分配系数ＫＯＷ的ｌｏｇＫＯＷ呈良好的线性关系，并给出了相关方程。新方法计算方便、精确度高、物理意义明确     

用柴油/醇组合燃烧法在城市车用柴油机上实现同时降低碳烟与NOx排放的研究

柴油机在部分工况采用柴油扩散燃烧 ,另一部分工况则采用柴油引燃醇燃料形成的均质混合气压燃燃烧 .这种组合燃烧利用醇的高汽化潜热和含氧特性 ,达到同时降低柴油机碳烟及氮氧化物 (NOx)排放的目的 ,并可以避免小负荷燃烧醇燃料带来的高醛类排放问题 .在一台 4 85QDI直喷式柴油机上采用上述组合燃烧法进行了试验 ,醇均质混合气经进气管处喷射形成 ,用电控装置控制醇燃料喷入量及其喷入时刻 .试验结果表明 ,与原机相比 ,碳烟和NOx 排放分别可以减少 5 0 %和 30 %以上 ,同时燃料的消耗率也有大幅度降低 .该方法为降低城市车用柴油机的碳烟排放提出一个新的解决途径     

由一株青霉菌产生的聚乙烯醇降解酶

从纺织污水活性污泥中筛选得到一株新型聚乙烯醇(PVA)降解酶产生菌,根据形态学特征鉴定该菌属于青霉属(Penicillium sp.),实验室编号WStt02-21.这是由霉菌产生PVA降解酶的首例报道.在考察了菌株WSH02-21基本生长和产酶特性的基础上,研究了营养条件对PVA降解酶合成的影响.通过对营养条件的单因素考察和正交试验,确定了最优培养条件为PVA 40 g L-1、葡萄糖3.0 g L-1、NH4Cl 8.0 g L-1、KH2PO4 2.0 g L-1、酵母膏1.0 g L-1、:MgSO40.5 g L-1。、CaCl2 1.0 g L-1、NaCl 0.02 g L-1、FeSO4·7H2O 0.02 g L-1,初始pH 6.4.其中PVA浓度是影响Penicilliumsp.WSH02-21合成PVA降解酶的最重要因素.采用最优化条件进行验证试验,PVA降解酶酶活(4.4 U mL-1)略高于正交试验中的的最高酶活(4.3 U mL-1).图7表2参11     

Temporal accumulation of phenylpropanoids in male fruit flies, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bactrocera dorsalis</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">B. carambolae</Emphasis> (Diptera: Tephritidae) following methyl eugenol consumption

Summary. Males of dacine tephritids, Bactrocera carambolae and B. dorsalis are strongly attracted to, and compulsively feed on methyl eugenol (ME), a potent attractant for many Bactrocera species. While ME was shown to be biotransformed into phenylpropanoids, 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol and (E)-coniferyl alcohol, and temporarily stored in the rectal gland of male B. dorsalis prior to release during courtship at dusk, B. carambolae male produces only the latter compound along with its de novo synthesized pheromone components. Both species were also shown to have different age-related response, sensitivity and consumption levels of ME. Here, we monitored and compared temporal changes in the accumulation profiles of these phenylpropanoids by the two sibling species, with male rectal glands being individually excised at different time intervals from 15 minutes to 20 days after initial ME feeding and analysed quantitatively. Results are discussed in light of plant-fruit fly co-evolution relationship.     

液化气脱硫装置的腐蚀泄漏与防护

主要介绍了液化气脱硫醇装置在运行过程中出现腐蚀泄漏的原因和特点,以及针对不同情况进行的相应整改措施.     

厌氧好氧工艺设计处理酒精生产废水

针对某酒精厂所排放废水的水质、水量特点，设计了好氧厌氧配以气浮和活性炭吸附相结合的处理工艺，通过实践证明，该工艺处理效率高，运行稳定。     

Rheological study of biodegradable blends of starch and polyvinyl alcohol

The rheological behavior of biodegradable blends of starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) was measured as a function of temperature, shear rate, and moisture content using a capillary rheometer. An excellent correlation was found with a rheological model which was used as a means to characterize the influence of starch/PVOH content as well as a qualification of the viscosity for simulation studies. This model consisted of a power law dependence on shear rate, an Arrhenius dependence on temperature, and an exponential dependence on moisture.Paper presented at the Biodegradable Materials and Packaging Conference, September 22–23, 1993, Natick, Massachusetts.Guest Editor: Dr. Randall Shogren, USDA.     

酒精废水EIC处理技术及综合利用

介绍了旋流内循环（EIC）厌氧反应器处理高浓度酒精废水的方法及效果，用EIC反应器代替UASB处理工艺，具有污染物去除率高、沼气产生量大等优点，产生的沼气用于发电供热，取得了良好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。