ABR工艺预处理木薯酒糟废水的工程应用

木薯酒糟废水有机物浓度高、悬浮物含量大、pH呈酸性、可生化性能较差 ,通常直接采用固液分离—厌氧 (UASB)—好氧曝气生化法处理效果并不理想 ,而采用ABR工艺进行厌氧水解酸化预处理木薯酒糟废水迄今为止未见报道。经绵阳市酒厂废水治理工程证明 ,强化ABR预处理工序是保证后续处理措施能否正常运行的关键     

Removal of high concentrated ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate by landfilled waste layer

IntroductionBiologicalremovalofammonia ,i.e.nitrification denitrificationprocesses,isthemosteffectiveandeconomicmethodfortreatingwastewaterwithhighammonianitrogenconcentration ,suchaslandfillleachate .Buttheleachatefrommaturedlandfillischaracterizedwithlowbiodegradablecarbonconcentration .Sothesupplementaryexternalcarbonsourcehastobeaddedtofacilitatedenitrification .Consequently ,theoperationalcostincreases(Carley ,1991) .Thereisnotonlyabundantorganiccarbon ,butalsoagreatdealofanaerobicandfac…     

干法加氨脱除SO2中的温度效应

研究了在ＮＨ３参与下，干法脱除ＳＯ２中的温度效应，实验结果表明，在ＳＯ２与ＮＨ３的热化学反应中，反应程度随温度上升呈线性下降，然而，在脉冲电晕条件下，ＳＯ２脱率却随温度上升呈现非线性变化，通过测定不同温度下的产物组成，揭示了在脉８冲电晕放电条件，干法脱除ＳＯ２存在两条平反应途径；（１）先成盐后氧化；（２）先氧化后成盐，在较高温度下反应主要按第（２）条途径进行。     

水溶液中非离子氨百分比的计算

根据平衡常数与温度的关系，求出非离子氨百分比α（ｐＨ，ｔ）的表达式，运用公式计算可以提高数据的准确性和批量计算的工作效率。     

抗生素制药废水的处理

锦州九泰制药废水属于不易生化类废水，废水量1000m^3/d，污水站总投资140万元。本文阐述了该工程的水质、预处理、生化处理工艺、活性污泥的培养与驯化及运行效果与设计特点。     

Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestions of thermal hydrolysis pretreated swine manure: Process performance, microbial communities and energy balance

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of swine manure (SM) commonly shows low biogas output and unsatisfactory economic performance. In this study, thermophilic AD (TAD, 50 ± 1 °C) was combined with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP, 170 °C/10 bar), to investigate its potential for maximizing biogas yield, securing successful digestion and microbial diversity, as well as improving energy balance. Four lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors were operated for 300 days and compared with each other, i.e., reactor 1 (raw SM fed in mesophilic AD: RSM-MAD), reactor 2 (THP-treated SM fed in MAD: TSM-MAD), reactor 3 (RSM-TAD), and reactor 4 (TSM-TAD). The results showed that THP was efficient to increase methane production of SM, TSM-TAD mode led to the highest methane yield (129.8 ± 40.5 mL-CH₄/g-VS/day) among the tests (p < 0.05). Although TAD was more likely to induce free ammonia (> 700 mg/L) or volatile fatty acids (> 6000 mg/L) accumulation compared with MAD in start-up phase, TSM-TAD treatment mode behaved a sustainable digestion process in a long-term operation. For TSM-TAD scenario, higher Shannon–Weaver (3.873) and lower Simpson index (0.061) indicated this mode ensured and enlarged the diversity of bacteria communities. Phylum Bathyarchaeota was dominant (59.3%−90.0%) in archaea community, followed by Euryarchaeota in the four reactors. RSM-MAD treatment mode achieved the highest energy output (4.65 GJ/day), TSM-TAD was less effective (−17.38 GJ/day) due to increased energy demands. Thus improving the energetic efficiency of THP units is recommended for the development of TSM-TAD treatment mode.     

大气中氨对农作物的影响

本文利用实验结论，阐述了大气中对农作物生长的影响及表现症状，分析了大气中不同浓度氨对农作物不同生长期的影响，对受氨污染地区农作物的种植选择及农业损失鉴定具有参考价值。     

利用EXCEL求算水中非离子氨

Excel是办公自动化中非常重要的一款软件，它的数据处理功能在现有的文字处理软件中可以说是独占螯头，通过简单的学习，结合国家标准给出的换算公式，利用EXCEL编制程序，方便快捷地计算水中非离子氨浓度，计算结果表明，当实际测得水温和pH与表中数据吻合时三种计算方法结果无明显差异，当实际测得的水温和pH与表中不对应时，查表法存在明显偏差，而使用EXCEL运算就能与笔算结果一致，准确可靠。     

环境样品监测中总氮低于氨氮的原因

环境样品监测中常出现的氨氮高于总氮现象,主要由从取样到数据处理过程中7个方面的因素造成,人为只能将其控制在一定范围内.得出上述结果,只要达到分析质量控制和质量保证要求,分析数据就应当是准确可靠的.     

低温高铁锰氨氮地下水两级生物净化快速启动

为了实现东北地区低温（5~6℃）高铁、锰、氨氮（TFe：9~15mg/L，Fe²⁺：6~12mg/L，NH₃-N：1.4~2.0mg/L，Mn²⁺：1.4~2.0mg/L）地下水的净化及解决同层净化中运行稳定性差、出水锰超标的问题，在水厂净化车间开展“两级曝气+两级过滤”工艺启动研究，采用差滤速和同滤速2种启动方式分别启动两级生物净化工艺.结果表明，2种启动方式分别在106，59d启动成功.同滤速启动可以有效的缩短两级生物净化的启动时间，铁、锰、氨氮去除负荷可达110.69，18.80，19.54g/（m²·h），沿程分析发现，铁在一级滤柱的60cm处即被去除至痕量；85.08%的氨氮在一级滤柱中去除，沿程各段去除均匀，14.92%的氨氮在二级滤柱中去除；锰的去除率和氧化活性去除区位受滤速及进水氨氮浓度影响较大，33.72%的锰在一级滤柱中去除，66.28%的锰在二级滤柱中去除，锰的去除仍然是滤池成熟的决定性因素.