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Membrane bioreactor (MBR) used in water and waste water treatment is a developing technique for water pollution control and water reuse. This paper describes a membrane-bioreactor for treatment of waste water in a petrochemical complex. The experimental MBR was a lab scale one composed of an activated sludge bioreactor unit and an ultrafiltration membrane unit. The relationship of COD removal with MLSS and HRT in this MBR was studied. The effects of crossflow velocity, backwash interval and volume of flush liquid on the flux were discussed. The results showed that average removal of COD, oil, SS and turbidity in petrochemical waste water by the MBR was 91%, 86%, 92% and 99% respectively. The average removal of NH3-N and total phosphorous was 85% and 82%. A coefficient of COD removal, k, was 0.017-0.080 L/(mg.d). The membrane flux maintained higher than 60 L/hm2 bar for 34 days without chemical cleaning when the velocity of crossflow was 3.5-3.9 m/s and the backwash interval was 30 minutes and backwash duration at 20 seconds. The results indicated that it is feasible for MBR technology to be used in petrochemical waste water treatment. The treated water could be considered as a source used to make up water for industrial cooling system or to be reused for other purposes. 相似文献
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With the advent of more stringent controls on wastewater treatment, sewage sludge production in Europe and many parts of the world is increasing. With this increase comes the problem of sludge disposal, and recycling to land arguably offers an economically and environmentally sustainable option. However, a major limitation of sewage sludge reuse is the potential release of heavy metals from the sludge and heavy metal accumulation to toxic levels in topsoils. The properties of the sludge play a crucial role in determining the initial release and subsequent availability of heavy metals in amended soils. Bioavailable forms of heavy metals in recently amended soils are most likely to be those that are bioavailable in the sewage sludge. In this paper, published research on the importance of sewage sludge characteristics on metal release and bioavailability will be reviewed and contrasted with original research. A selection of sludges from around Australia has been collected for this purpose. Through the use of incubation studies, isotope dilution techniques, ion-selective electrode measurements and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, the importance of a range of sludge properties on heavy metal behaviour in sludges and sludge-amended soils is addressed. 相似文献
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采用基于 16SrDNA序列分析方法 ,在长度多态 (LPM)和 16SrDNA的GC含量二维水平分析了受重金属污染的活性污泥系统内细菌的优势种类和多样性 .设计的PCR引物可以将细菌分为三大类 :即 1)proteobacterialα&δ(变形杆菌α&δ) ,2 )pro teobacterialβ&γ(变形杆菌 β&γ) ,以及 3)flexibacter(屈桡杆菌 )和革兰氏阳性菌 .分析了未受重金属驯化和受重金属驯化的两类活性污泥系统在重金属作用下优势种和多样性的变化 ,结果显示未驯化的活性污泥系统多样性减少但优势种的变化微小 ,而驯化系统优势种有较大的变化 ,但多样性基本不变 .这一结果证实驯化有助于提高微生物对重金属的抗性 相似文献
66.
In this study, the two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system and batch experiments were employed to evaluate
the performance of anaerobic digestion for the treatment of high concentration methanol wastewater. The acid resistance of
granular sludge and methanogenic bacteria and their metabolizing activity were investigated. The results show that the pH
of the first UASB changed from 4.9 to 5.8 and 5.5 to 6.2 for the second reactor. Apparently, these were not the advisable
pH levels that common methanogenic bacteria could accept. The methanogenic bacteria of the system, viz. Methanosarcina barkeri,
had some acid resistance and could still degrade methanol at pH 5.0. If the methanogenic bacteria were trained further, their
acid resistance would be improved somewhat. Granular sludge of the system could protect the methanogenic bacteria within its
body against the impact of the acidic environment and make them degrade methanol at pH 4.5. The performance of granular sludge
was attributed to its structure, bacteria species, and the distribution of bacterium inside the granule.
Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2004, 24(4): 633–636 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
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沼泽红假单胞菌H3对酸性红B2GL染料的厌氧脱色和降解作用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
从印染厂污泥中分离到一株沼泽红假单胞菌(RhodopseudomonaspalustrisH3),在光照厌氧条件下该菌生长细胞可将100mg/L酸性红B2GL染料去除到30mg/L.完整细胞脱色的最适条件为pH70,温度30℃,细胞浓度20—25mg/mL(湿重).低浓度的阳离子对脱色影响不大.在通Ar气使严格厌氧和加有还原性辅酶I的条件下无细胞提取液的脱色活性最高,比活率为154×10-2mg/(mg·h).根据降解产物的分析,推断了该菌对酸性红染料的降解代谢途径. 相似文献