植物油厂废水处理技术与实践

通过国内某植物油厂废水处理工程实例表明,废水按高低浓度分流处理,采取隔油—厌氧消化—化学混凝—耗氧生化处理工艺,能稳定达到国家要求的排放标准,同时降低工程投资和运行费用。     

连续流新型厌氧反应器处理固体有机废物研究

采用自行设计的连续流厌氧消化反应器,接种瘤胃微生物后,对纤维素进行连续降解,固体有机物质负荷可以达到14g/L·d。在此符合范围内,反应器内pH值、挥发酸产量及产气量都很稳定,不会对反应产生抑制作用。     

合理控制UASB 改善厌氧出水水质

在UASB工艺中如何改善酒精废醪出水水质的有关问题进行了探讨 ,指出 :形成和保持沉淀性能良好的活性污泥是改善酒精废醪厌氧出水水质的根本点。并得到合理控制UASB ,发挥其最大优势的工艺思路。并且通过生产性的试验 :UASB稳定负荷率为1 2 .5kg/m3.d,处理效率稳定在 90 %以上。     

UASCB-SMBR处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

研究了厌氧污泥复合床 (UASCB) 序批式膜生物反应器 (SMBR)串联工艺 ,处理垃圾渗滤液的工艺性能及影响因素 ,并与单纯的SMBR工艺进行了对比。试验结果表明 ,在进液COD浓度平均为 2 50 0mg/L ,NH+ 4-N平均浓度为 360mg/L ,厌氧反应器COD的负荷为 7～2 0kgCOD/m3·d ,SMBR负荷为 1～ 5kgCOD/m3·d,系统总水力停留时间为 1 4～ 2 8h时 ,该串联工艺COD去除率达到 92 %以上 ,NH+ 4-N的去除率在 80 %以上     

Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual aluminum hydrolyzed species with different polymerization degree

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.     

矿化垃圾床反应器厌氧甲烷氧化协同生物脱氮的研究

垃圾卫生填埋过程中逸散的甲烷与渗滤液处理过程中反硝化段不够彻底产生的硝酸盐对周围环境具有严重的威胁,反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化技术可实现甲烷与硝酸盐的同步去除,极具应用前景.本研究通过模拟垃圾填埋过程,以矿化垃圾作为垃圾填埋的覆土层与反硝化厌氧甲烷氧化微生物的接种源,建立了矿化垃圾床系统.结果表明,反应系统在140d的运行期间...     

基于固液分离预处理的餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵

研究不同预处理方法所获餐厨垃圾浆料的半连续式厌氧发酵效果,评价该类餐厨垃圾的产甲烷资源化潜能.结果表明,固液油三相分离预处理后的液相餐厨垃圾作为进料较固液混合相餐厨垃圾在厌氧发酵时具有更高的VS去除率,实际产甲烷潜能和甲烷转化率,分别为91.2％,531.5mLCH4/gVS和54.3％,表明液相餐厨垃圾半连续中温湿式...     

Rapid treatment of atrazine-contaminated water by nickel/iron bimetallic system

The utility of nickel/iron in the remediation of atraz.ine-contaminated water was investigated. The experimental results showed that nickel/iron had effective catalytic activity in dechlorinating atraz.ine under acidic conditions. The dechlonnation reaction approximately followed the first-order kinetics under the experimental conditions( nickel/iron: 1.0 g/250 ml: Ca~r~ = 20.0 mg/L), the reaction rate increased with decreasing pH value of the reaction solution and increasing the proportion of Ni: Fe within 2.95 %. For condition with 2.95% nickel/iron, the reaction rate constants were 0.07518( R = 0.9927), 0.06212( R = 0.9846) and 0.00131 min^-1 ( R = 0.9.565) at pH = 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0, respectively. HPLC analysis was used to monitor the decline of atraz.ine concentration.     

山西根瘤菌资源多样性与特异性研究

从山西不同生态条件下,采集豆科植物根瘤,经分离、纯化、回接原寄主,获得来自３１属７１种豆科植物寄主的纯根瘤菌株２１２株．对１５４株进行了ＢＴＢ反应和生长速度测定,在ＹＭＡ培养基上产酸快生型占９７．４％．选用了其中５０株,以快生型苜蓿根瘤菌（Ｒ．ｍｅｌｉｌｏｔｉ）和豌豆根瘤菌（Ｒ．ｌｅｇｕｍｉｎｏｓａｒｕｍ）各３株为ＣＫ,进行了其它生理生化鉴定．结果表明,５６株参试菌株均不产生３－酮基乳糖．山西分离的菌株能在蛋白胨肉汤上生长的１３株;能利用柠檬酸盐的７株;石蕊牛奶反应,产酸的１２株,其中酸凝的８株,产碱的３０株,其中胨化的１１株,石蕊还原的７株．唯一碳源和氮源利用比ＣＫ更广泛．对温度的适应范围宽．比ＣＫ有更强的耐盐、耐碱和对抗菌素的耐受能力     

固体推进剂老化过程影响因素及化学反应机理研究进展

基于固体推进剂的贮存老化,以NEPE推进剂和以HTPB推进剂为代表,综述了近年来固体推进剂老化进程中所受的各种影响因素、作用机制及化学反应机理研究进展。总结了温湿度、应力和环境气氛为代表的外部环境因素,配方性质、组分变化和添加剂等内部影响因素对推进剂老化及贮存失效期限的影响。分别从微观和宏观角度出发,分析了内外部各种影响因素加速或减缓固体推进剂老化进程的作用机制。此外,针对黏合剂、氧化剂、防老剂等化学组分,总结了固体推进剂贮存老化期间发生的氧化交联、分解、降解断链等主要化学反应,并分析了各个反应发生的机理及原因。最后,展望了未来固体推进剂老化影响因素研究的发展趋势,并为今后固体推进剂老化机理及失效模式研究提供了研究思路。