Manufacturing system sustainability through lean and agile initiatives

Sustainability is one of the most critical issues facing manufacturers today. The industries must develop new and innovative approaches to ensure sustainability in economic, environmental and social aspects. The operational excellence strategies such as Lean and Agile manufacturing can be applied in the industries that add value to the product by eliminating waste and quickly respond to dynamic changes in demand. This paper presents a framework that builds and assesses the sustainability of the manufacturing system with combined lean and agile concepts. Analytical Hierarchy Process and Analytical Network Process are identified as suitable methodologies to analyze the model. The model is validated in an Ayurveda Pharmaceutical industry to identify the most important factors of lean and agile manufacturing that build and enable the sustainability dimensions such as Economic, Environmental, Social, Technological and Ethical. The results show that the industry focuses more on economic aspects of sustainability followed by social, environmental, ethics and technological dimensions of sustainability in the case of a lean perspective. For an agile perspective, the weightage is more for social dimension followed by ethics, economic, technological and environmental dimensions of sustainability.     

环境介质中有机污染物非靶向筛查技术研究进展

随着质谱质量精度的不断提高和物质数据库的扩大,高通量非靶向筛查技术快速发展,为组成复杂的环境介质中污染物的识别分析提供了有效手段。综述了环境分析中非靶向筛查技术［气相色谱-高分辩率质谱法（GC-HRMS）和液相色谱-高分辨率质谱法（LC-HRMS）］的研究进展,包括样品的前处理方法、非靶向分析平台、数据分析及存在的问题。简述了非靶向筛查技术在分析环境水样、沉积物样品及土壤样品中的应用,并提出该技术存在的问题和应用前景。     

水土环境介质中阿特拉津修复过程研究进展

除草剂阿特拉津农用后的残留物会随地表径流或地下渗漏作用进入江河湖泊等自然水体,由于阿特拉津的环境内分泌干扰作用,其会造成水资源污染和水生态失衡。根据阿特拉津的生产和使用状况,将阿特拉津的污染对象分为土壤、市政污水、河流湖泊等地表水和地下水系统模块,分别阐述了这几种环境介质中阿特拉津的物理、化学和生物修复技术以及阿特拉津在修复过程中的变化特点,介绍了土壤在淋溶过程中阿特拉津的固定手段和今后污染水体中阿特拉津修复的研究重点。     

复合柱净化法分析生物试样中残留的有机氯农药

用复合柱净化法分析生物试样中残留的有机氯农药,采用复合柱将少量硫酸含量较低的硅胶放在适量的硫酸含量较高的硅胶上,并将去活化硅胶复合在同一根柱子内,有效地避免了浓缩后的提取液与硫酸含量较高的硅胶直接接触时发生的板结现象。该方法对生物试样中8种有机氯农药六六六和滴滴涕的净化效果较好,当农药六六六和滴滴涕的标准加入量为200μg／kg和50μg／kg时,各目标物的平均回收率为63．9％～79．8％,相对标准偏差为5．6％-12．8％,检出限为0．001-0．040μg/kg。     

Methyl-triclosan binding to human serum albumin: Multi-spectroscopic study and visualized molecular simulation

Methyl-triclosan (MTCS), a transformation product and metabolite of triclosan, has been widely spread in environment through the daily use of triclosan which is a commonly used anti-bacterial and anti-fungal substance in consumer products. Once entering human body, MTCS could affect the conformation of human serum albumin (HSA) by forming MTCS–HSA complex and alter function of protein and endocrine in human body. To evaluate the potential toxicity of MTCS, the binding mechanism of HSA with MTCS was investigated by UV–vis absorption, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Binding constants, thermodynamic parameters, the binding forces and the specific binding site were studied in detail. Binding constant at room tempreture (T = 298 K) is 6.32 × 10³ L mol⁻¹; ΔH⁰, ΔS⁰ and ΔG⁰ were 22.48 kJ mol⁻¹, 148.16 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ and −21.68 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. The results showed that the interactions between MTCS and HSA are mainly hydrophobic forces. The effects of MTCS on HSA conformation were also discussed. The binding distance (r = 1.2 nm) for MTCS–HSA system was calculated by the efficiency of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The visualized binding details were also exhibited by molecular modeling method and the results could agree well with that from the experimental study.     

农户参与生态补偿行为意愿影响因素分析

长期以来,资源无限、环境无价的观念根深蒂固地存在于人们的思维中,也渗透在社会和经济活动的体制和政策中.随着生态环境破坏的加剧和生态系统服务功能的研究,使人们更为深入地认识到生态环境的价值.而"生态补偿"是促进生态环境保护的一种经济手段,农户参与生态补偿的意愿既受到主观因素和非主观因素的影响,也受到理性和非理性因素的作用,是多因素综合影响的结果,其中内部因素即家庭生计资本.本文以黑河流域中游为例,选取300户随杌样本,分析了农户参与生态补偿的意愿与生计资本的关系研究,结果表明:自然资本对农户参与生态补偿的意愿形成星负面影响作用,人力资本、物质资本、金融资本和社会资本对农户参与生态补偿的意愿形成正面影响作用.这说明,农户在市场经济条件下正在变得越来越理性,他们参与生态补偿的核心在于最大化地获取经济利益,政府要一方面尽可能地降低农户实施生态补偿后的各种风险因素,另一方面,要尽可能地提高农户承担生态补偿风险的能力.     

Separation and determination of trace levels of aromatic amines by HPLC

Aromatic amines were analysed by normal phase and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography employing silica gel and octadecyl silane (ODS) columns, respectively. A number of mobile phases were used. The results obtained on silica gel column were compared with those achieved on reverse phase column. Excellent results were obtained on ODS and shoulder peaks were eliminated when a mixture of methyl alcohol and sodium perchlorate was used as mobile phase.     

凝胶渗透色谱法在分析食品中多氯联苯的应用

以凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)系统处理食品样品中的脂质,并结合碱性氧化铝柱净化,旨在建立快速有效的多氯联苯(PCBs)分析的前处理技术.对油脂样品的检测结果显示,13C标记PCBs定量内标的回收率及RSD均符合EPA1668a方法的要求,20种天然PCBs的加标回收率在71%-122%,方法精密度≤10%.     

重量分析法测定溶液中钡含量的不确定度评定

对硫酸钡重量法与仪器分析相结合测定溶液中钡含量的不确定度评定,给出了评定步骤。确定了不确定度来源为测量重复性、样品质量、沉淀质量、滤液和洗涤液中Ba2+量、机械损失Ba2+量、沉淀包夹BaCl2量和Na2SO4量、钡和硫酸钡的摩尔质量。采用统计方法得到了A类不确定度量值;利用所获得各种信息,对B类不确定度各个不确定度分量,逐个进行量化。从而获得合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。     

欧盟工业废水污染物排放限值的制定

目前欧盟废水污染物排放限值的制定,主要依据欧盟委员会公布的污染综合防治指令和水政策行动框架指令的原则来进行。限值的制定方法主要有两种：一是以技术先进、经济合理为基础的最佳可行技术法;二是通过水环境质量标准、水体稀释能力以及污水处理系统削减能力来计算的反演法。中国可借鉴欧盟的先进方法进行环境标准体系的建设和完善。