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排序方式: 共有262条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
31.
水中阴离子表面活性剂的测定 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
偶氮红两相滴定法在pH=7.5的条件下,能测定水和废水中的各种阴离子表面活性剂的摩尔浓度。本文通过对硫酸盐、磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、肥皂和磷酸盐等各类阴离子表面活性剂的测定,以及干扰试验和实际水样测定,表明此法优于亚甲基蓝分光光度法。方法的变异系数为1.0%(n=11),最小检出浓度0.052mg/L(n=21),加标回收率92.1%-110.2%,平均100.6%(n=14)。建议水中阴离子表面活性剂 相似文献
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本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式 相似文献
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以天然高分子化合物海藻酸钠(sodium alginate,SA)为骨架,结合磁性Fe3O4和稀土铈离子Ce(Ⅲ)通过溶液反应制备出一种新型的磁性海藻酸铈复合微球(Fe3O4@SA;Ce).采用X射线衍射(XRD)、孔结构比表面积分析(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)及振动样品强磁计(VSM)对Fe3O4@SA;Ce的结构进行了表征,并以直接桃红12B(direct red 12B,DR 12B)和直接橙S(direct orange S,DO S)两种染料为吸附对象,探讨了Fe3O4@SA;Ce的吸附剂性能、吸附动力学和热力学.结果表明,Fe3O4@SA;Ce对室温下自然pH染料溶液中DR 12B和DO S均表现出良好的吸附效果,吸附量分别可达464 mg·g-1和730 mg·g-1.在不同温度下(298、313、328 K),Fe3O4@SA;Ce对DR 12B和DO S的吸附过程均可用拟二级吸附动力学方程准确描述.通过等温吸附研究,发现Fe3O4@SA;Ce对两种染料的等温吸附较好地符合Freundlich模型.各种表征结果表明,SA与Ce(Ⅲ)和Fe3O4交联反应后生成的Fe3O4@SA;Ce凝胶球表面有大量深浅不一的褶皱沟纹,形貌发生了显著变化.作为一种绿色环保、制备方法简单、可高效吸附的磁性高分子复合吸附剂,Fe3O4@SA;Ce对高浓度染料具有很好的吸附效果,期望能够在染料废水处理中得到广泛应用. 相似文献
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Shilpi Aggarwal 《Natural resources forum》2021,45(1):63-86
The present review article deals with the information on the dye‐yielding plants of India. Dyes are intensively coloured compounds that are applied to a substrate such as fibre, paper, cosmetics, hair, etc. to give colours and can be extracted from the roots, fruits/berries, bark, leaves, flowers, and stem/wood, fungi, and lichens by various processes of extractions. In addition to their dye‐yielding characteristics, many of these plants possess medicinal values and can be used for multiple other purposes. Plant derived‐colours have an important role in human life because of their safe and eco‐friendly nature. But due to the availability of economically cheaper synthetic dyes, the indigenous knowledge of extraction, processing, and proper utilisation has been diminished. Nowadays, the demand for natural dyes has been increased worldwide due to awareness about their beneficial properties. It has been essential that proper documentation and measure of conservation should be undertaken to preserve these natural dye‐yielding plants. This review article is an aid to a collective inquiry into Indian dye plants. 相似文献
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为了探讨两性-阴离子湿润剂复配剂对硫化矿尘的润湿性能,通过毛细管正向渗透实验法,研究椰油酰胺基丙基甜菜碱(CAB)、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱(BS-12)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)单体湿润剂的润湿性能;利用静滴法,测量各单体与矿石的接触角。单体实验结果表明两性离子湿润剂中BS-12、阴离子湿润剂中LAS的润湿性能相对较好。选用这两种试剂进行复配实验,结果表明:浸润深度大于20 mm,复配剂比单质湿润剂润湿性能好;最佳复 相似文献
38.
Marí a Fernanda HORST Veró nica LASSALLE Marí a Lujá n FERREIRA 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(5):746
Nanosized magnetite has emerged as an adsorbent of pollutants in water remediation. Nanoadsorbents include magnetic iron oxide and its modifiers/stabilizers, such as carbon, silica, clay, organic moieties (polymers, aminoacids, and fatty acids) and other inorganic oxides. This review is focused on the recent developments on the synthesis and use of magnetic nanoparticles and nanocomposites in the treatment of contaminated water. The emphasis is on the influence of the iron oxide modifiers on some properties of interest such as size, BET area, and magnetization. The characteristics of these nanomaterials are related to their ability to eliminate heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater. Comparative analysis of the actual literature was performed aiming to present the magnetic material, its preparation methodology and performance in the elimination of the selected pollutants. Vast information has been properly summarized according to the materials, their properties and preferential affinity for selected contaminants. The mechanisms governing nanomaterial’s formation as well as the interactions with heavy metals and dyes have been carefully analyzed and associated to their efficiency. 相似文献
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湿润剂溶液在硫化矿矿尘中的反向湿润行为研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用毛细管反向渗透湿润实验方法,研究了两种阴离子型湿润剂对两种硫化矿矿尘的反渗长度与反渗时间的关系.在实验中,环境和溶液的温度不高(20℃左右),所选的两种湿润剂对硫化矿矿尘都具有一定的改善湿润效果作用,试剂A比试剂B稍好.在反渗长度1 cm内,其反渗长度与反渗时间接近线性关系;反渗长度增大,其反渗长度与反渗时间近乎成抛物线的关系.研究结果显示,用毛细管反渗湿润法研究湿润剂对硫化矿矿尘的湿润行为时,反渗时间与反渗长度的关系基本可用Washburn方程描述;但除了方程中所含的参数外,还存在着诸多的影响因素,如几何条件、矿尘的物理化学性质、湿润剂的种类和浓度梯度等. 相似文献
40.
The efficiency of chir pine sawdust (CPS) for adsorptive removal of the dyes, congo red (CR) and basic violet 1 (BV), from aqueous solution was evaluated using batch and column studies. The equilibrium was attained in 60 min for CR and 45 min for BV. The adsorption of BV obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model while the Freundlich isotherm fitted the equilibrium data of CR adsorption. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities (Qo) of CPS for BV and CR were 11.3 and 5.8 g kg?1, respectively. The kinetic data for CR were best fitted to the Lagergren pseudo-first-order model and for BV to the pseudo-second-order model. The intra-particle diffusion was found to be the rate-controlling step for CR adsorption, while the adsorption kinetics of BV were controlled by both intra-particle and liquid-film diffusion. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorption activation energy (Ea) for CR (124 kJ mol?1) implied chemical adsorption while that for BV (5.4 kJ mol?1) indicated physical adsorption. An increase in the Thomas model constant (KTh) with increasing flow indicated that for both dyes the mass transport resistance decreased during adsorption. Thus, CPS may be an efficient low-cost adsorbent for decolorization of dye-containing wastewaters. 相似文献