城市污水的渠内处理技术研究

利用研制的６０Ｌ／ｈ污水的渠式动态模拟装置，研究城市污水的渠内处理技术。结果表明，此法比传统的城市污水处理方法能提高ＣＯＤｃｒ的脱除率约４％～５％，而工程建设费和运行管理费分别降低３０％～４０％和２５％～３０％。渠内处理适宜与自然净化结合进行，出水经植物净化１２～１５ｈ后，ＢＯＤ５进一步降低１８％以上。由此可见，城市污水渠内处理技术具有良好的应用前景。     

应用活性污泥表面曝气法处理制浆污水

介绍了南平造纸厂采用活性污泥表面曝气法处理制浆污水四年以来的运行状况,除COD_(cr)一项指标外,BOD_5、SS、pH均达到国家一级排放标准.指出了运行中存在和需改进的问题.     

在中国东北地区利用城市污水热能供热的可行性分析

中国东北地区污水余热资源丰富，针对这一特点，提出了在东北地区利用城市污水热能供热的设想。阐述了城市污水的主要特点．并且分析了在东北地区把城市污水用做热泵水源的可行性，讨论了在东北地区应用污水源热泵技术可能存在的问题及应采取的措施。     

深圳农业面源污染与近岸水体富营养化关系研究 III.水产养殖排污分析

对1991年至2000年间深圳内陆和近岸水产养殖业的排污量进行估算,分析其演变趋势,并对同时期深圳市的点源污染和农业面源污染进行了比较,结果表明:(1)深圳市水产养殖业排污也是深圳近海水体富营养化主要成因之一,自1994年之后其对近海水体污染有加重趋势;(2)在农业面源中,畜禽养殖业排污量最大,其次是水产养殖,再次是农田化肥流失排污;(3)在点源污染中,城市生活污水已成为主要污染源,工业废水排污在点源污染中的比重有较大程度的降低;4)点源污染与面源污染相比,在排放COD量的比例上,前者是后者的两倍多,在排放TN量所占比例上,二者相近,在排放TP所占比例上,前者小于后者。     

城市污水测算统计方法

当今城市生活污水统计以人口与供水量为依据测算 ,难以满足治理和管理工作需要。在城市污水处理场和污水在线监控系统建设快速发展条件下建立以排污口监测统计为基础的城市污水统计系统 ,能够较真实反映生活污水质量和分布 ,满足环境管理工作需要。     

结合优势菌处理分散式小区污水

采用分散式小区污水处理装置并结合优势菌，处理天津市某小区的生活污水，出水回用于该小区居民楼冲厕。整个装置埋于地下，不占地表面积，运行管理简单；优势菌的投加强化了厌氧处理，为后继好氧处理减轻负荷。结果表明，在原水水质CODcr为350—550，NH3-N为100—180，浊度为34—87，pH在6—9之间，出水水质在HRT=5h时，CODcr〈50mg/L，NH3-N〈10mg/L，浊度〈3，且出水无色无味，达到了《城市杂用水水质标准》（GB，118920-2002）的相关要求。     

无动力地理式污水处理的应用分析

从无动力地理式生活污水处理装置的基本原理以及应用范围入手，分析了其用来处理小型生活污水的优缺点，提出了处理小型生活污水处理应走厌氧－好氧相结合之路的观点。     

制药行业中污水处理技术及实践

采用物理灭活与生物处理相结合的废水处理技术对药厂污水进行处理,高温灭菌灭活了废水中的病毒、病菌等,生化处理化解污水中大分子的有机物.工程实践表明:两者相结合的处理方法,处理后的水质能够达到国家污水综合排放二级标准.     

An approach and preliminary model of integrating ecological and economic constraints of environmental quality in the Guayas River estuary, Ecuador

We describe conceptual and simulation models of land use within the intertidal zone of the Guayas River estuary to quantify the contribution of mangrove wetlands to maintaining environmental quality of a tropical estuary. The goal of this exercise is to demonstrate the important consideration of ecological constraints in determining economic and management decisions; and how modeling can be used to quantify impacts of land use such as loss of mangrove wetlands on environmental quality. Our conceptual model treats solar energy, river flow, and tides as forcing functions that control the properties of estuarine ecosystems, but also describes market forces and cultural policies as constraints on properties of socioeconomic systems. The controversy of coastal resource management in Ecuador centers around the relative impacts of shrimp pond construction and management as negative feedbacks to the environmental quality of the Guayas River estuary. Unique oceanographic processes and land use changes contribute to complex issues of water and habitat quality in this tropical estuary, the largest estuarine complex on the Pacific coast of South America. A dynamic box model was developed for the estuary and calibrated with data collected from a 14 month survey of water quality parameters throughout the estuary. Scenarios included conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds in three regions of the estuary, and the construction of a dam by varying three different rates of river discharge at 100, 50 and 10% of 1989 base flow. Good water quality is maintained by the low residence time of water in the estuary (11 d) because of seasonally high river flow and tidal exchange. With a 90% reduction of mangrove forests in the estuary caused by shrimp pond construction, total nitrogen concentrations increased 5 fold. However, as river discharge decreased to 10%, the same construction caused a 60 fold increase in nitrogen concentrations to 250 μM. Increases in nitrogen concentrations were higher in the upper estuary region, with much less change in the lower estuary. Thus the sensitivity of environmental quality to changes in land use in the intertidal and upland zone are linked to the hydrography of the estuary and is site specific. In the future, the combinations of these ecological models together with economic analyses of the goods and services of mangroves may provide better techniques to evaluate the economic impacts of specific coastal zone management decisions.     

污水灌区土壤盐分动态研究

以天津东郊污灌区(慢速渗滤系统)为试验点,总结了土壤盐分的变化规律,并以粮地、菜地、稻地为代表分析了土壤中盐分变化动态,用污灌区土壤盐分动态平衡公式C_K-C_h=C_B-C_O测算,结果表明,只要灌区排水条件好,加上合理的科学灌溉,污灌区土壤盐分变化趋势是脱盐占主导地位,土壤中的钠吸附比(SAR)有所改善,土壤质量有所提高.