化学吸收法采集固定污染源氨气的影响因素探究

固定污染源氨气的手工监测,干扰因素较多,其中采样环节尤为关键。实验通过催化氧化-化学发光法考察不同采样管线材质对氨气的吸附效果,离子色谱法考察化学吸收法采集氨气的吸收瓶类型、采样流量、吸收液种类、吸收液浓度及体积等采样条件对氨气吸收效率的影响。实验表明,316 L不锈钢与聚四氟乙烯对氨气的吸附较小,氨气的采样流量不宜超过1.0 L/min,棕色气泡式吸收瓶更适用于氨气样品的采集,磷酸溶液作吸收液对氨气的吸收效率较好,对于低浓度的氨气样品,应采用低流量长时间采集。     

沸石吸附焦化废水中氨氮的研究

利用沸石对氨氮的选择性吸附去除焦化废水中的氨氮,对不同粒度沸石、不同沸石投加量去除模拟废水和焦化废水进行了研究,结果表明,沸石对焦化废水中的氨氮有很强的选择吸附性;焦化废水中其它离子会降低沸石吸附氨氮的能力;粒度越细,沸石对焦化废水氨氮的去除速度越快;沸石吸附焦化废水等温线可用朗谬尔公式和费兰德利希公式来描述.     

粉煤灰吸附去除弱酸性艳蓝印染废水

利用粉煤灰对弱酸性艳蓝印染废水进行了处理。研究表明：粉煤灰的粒径、灰水比、废水pH值以及振荡吸附时间对粉煤灰的吸附能力均有较大影响。在以下工艺条件下：20℃,粉煤灰的粒径200目,灰水比为1：30,pH为2．0,振荡吸附2．5h,弱酸性艳蓝印染废水经粉煤灰处理后,COD值由576mg／L降至71mg／L,COD去除率可达87．7％：废水色度可从10000倍降为50倍,色度的去除率达99．5％,出水pH为6．5。出水水质达到了国家印染废水一级排放标准(GB4287—92)。     

Clomazone dissipation, adsorption and translocation in four paddy topsoils

IntroductionClomazone,(2 [(2 chlorophenyl)methyl ] 4 ,4 dimethyl 3 isoxazolidinone) ,isasoil appliedisoxazolidinoneherbicideproducedbyFMCCorp .Itisintroducedforannualgrassandbroad spectrumweedsinsoybeans(Rani,1998;Vyas,2 0 0 0 ) .Itisalsocurrentlyregis…     

Adsorption mechanism of phenolic compounds from aqueous solution on hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent

The adsorption of two phenols, namely, phenol and salicylic acid(SA) onto a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric resin (NJ-8) were studied in terms of pseudo-second-order and first order mechanisms for chemical sorption as well as an intraparticle diffusion mechanism process. Kinetic analysis showed that the intraparticle diffusion process was the essential rate-controlling step. The activation energies of sorption have also been evaluated with the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion constants, respectively. Adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. Adsorption was exothermic and basically of a type of transition between physical and chemical character. The sorption capacity was higher for SA due to its more hydrophobic. Phenol has a higher adsorption enthalpy since it could form stronger hydrogen bonding on NJ-8.     

黑碳吸附亚甲基蓝染料废水的行为研究

文章研究了黑碳吸附亚甲基蓝的动力学和热力学特性,探讨了温度、初始浓度、溶液pH值及转速等因素对吸附过程的影响。结果表明,吸附过程符合二级动力吸附方程,颗粒内扩散过程是影响吸附速率的主要控制步骤。用Freundlich方程能够更好地对吸附等温线进行拟合;吸附热力学研究表明:△H>0,说明吸附为吸热过程;△G<0,说明吸附质倾向于从溶液中吸附到吸附剂表面,反应过程是自发进行的;△S>0,说明固/液相界面上分子运动更为混乱。     

包埋固定化海洋硅藻吸附材料的制备及其对水中铅离子的吸附特性研究

采用海藻酸钠(SA)凝胶包埋法对海洋硅藻藻粉进行固定化,考察了藻粉用量、海藻酸钠浓度、Ca Cl2质量分数、交联时间及小球粒径对固定化小球吸附铅离子性能的影响,并研究了这种吸附材料对Pb~(2+)的吸附特性.结果表明,固定化海洋硅藻生物吸附剂的最佳制备条件为:藻粉用量5.0 g/100 m L SA、海藻酸钠浓度20 g·L~(-1)、Ca Cl2质量分数0.5%、交联时间1 h、小球粒径2.8 mm左右.Langmuir等温吸附模型能够较好地描述固定化小球吸附对Pb~(2+)的等温吸附特征,R2为0.9983,最大理论吸附量为833.33 mg·g~(-1).准二级动力学模型能够较好地拟合固定化小球吸附Pb~(2+)的动力学过程,理论平衡吸附量为714.29 mg·g~(-1),与实验所得平衡吸附量706.55 mg·g~(-1)较为接近.固定化小球吸附Pb~(2+)的适宜初始p H值为4~5.Na Cl、Ca(NO3)2、Mg(NO3)2对固定化小球的吸附性能有一定的促进作用.本研究所制固定化海洋硅藻球形吸附材料对Pb~(2+)的吸附容量明显优于大部分研究所报道的固定化生物吸附剂,是一种很有潜力的生物吸附材料.     

Photodegradation mechanism of two dyes: the influence of adsorption behavior on the novel TiO2 particles

The relationship between adsorption behavior and photocatalytic mechanism of the two dyes was investigated. Adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorption of cationic pink FG was Langmuir type behavior, while the reactive brilliant red k-2G was Freundlich type behavior. The increasing pH favored the adsorption of FG but have little effect on the photodegradation. The increasing pH favored the adsorption and the photodegradation of k-2G. The presence of scavenger of hvb^ and OH. radical potassium iodide inhibited the degradation of k-2G, free radicals scavenger tetranitromethane inhibited the photodegradation of FG. These results indicated that the photodegradation of FG mainly via free radicals in solution, and the photodegradation of k-2G was mainly on the catalysts surface or near the interface of solid and solution by react with hvb^ and surface-bound OH.. The different effect of SO4^2- , HCO3^- on the adsorption and photodegradation of two dyes confirmed these results.     

新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式     

新型复合材料处理氮磷废水的性能研究

采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（Hexadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide，HDTMA）和稀土溶液氯化镧（LaCl₃）对人造沸石进行改性，以增强其对水中氨氮和总磷的同步去除效果.结果表明，HDTMA和LaCl₃可有效负载于人造沸石表面，且在pH为7的条件下，改性沸石对氨氮和总磷的去除率分别由改性前的75%和1%提高到95.67%和91.96%.影响因素的实验表明，改性沸石对不同浓度废水的氨氮和总磷去除率均达到90%以上；氮、磷的去除率随改性沸石投加量的增加而上升；准二级动力学模型适合描述改性沸石对氨氮吸附的动力学过程，准一级动力学模型适合描述改性沸石对总磷吸附的动力学过程；吸附等温线说明改性沸石对水中氨氮的吸附属于离子交换，对水中磷酸盐的吸附包含离子交换和化学吸附两种过程.此外，通过再生性能、负载强度和离子竞争的试验证明改性沸石能应用于实际生化尾水的氮、磷去除.