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141.
为评估生活垃圾焚烧飞灰替代矿粉生产沥青混合料及其路面浇筑全过程中PAHs的环境风险,采用实验室模拟与实际铺筑过程相结合的方法,改变飞灰添加量(以w计,0、3%、4%和5%)和加热温度(200、165、145和80 ℃),以对PAHs的释放规律进行研究. 结果表明:在实际筑路过程中,PAHs的释放受加热温度的影响较大,ρ(∑16PAHs)随加热温度的下降而降低,其中混合料制备和道路开放使用阶段的ρ(∑16PAHs)分别为249.0~378.0、72.1~95.1 μg/m3;但在路面浇筑阶段ρ(∑16PAHs)有增加的趋势,为254.0~571.0 μg/m3,并且在该阶段内ρ(4环PAHs)降低,低环(2~3环)和高环(5~6环)的PAHs质量浓度升高. 飞灰的添加抑制了PAHs的释放,w(∑16PAHs)在10.4~12.3 μg/kg之间,毒性当量浓度(以TEQ计)在0.011 μg/kg左右. 飞灰的添加抑制了以萘为主的低环PAHs的释放,并且在3%添加量时对PAHs的抑制效果最好;在飞灰添加量为3%、4%和5%时,w(萘)分别降低了42.7%、32.2%和35.3%. 相似文献
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疏水性超高交联吸附树脂对氯代烃蒸气的固定床吸附特性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用固定床吸附法研究了三氯乙烯(TCE)、 1,2-二氯乙烷(DCE)和三氯甲烷(TCM)共3种氯代烃类蒸气在疏水性超高交联吸附树脂LC-1上的动态吸附行为.结果表明, TCE、 DCE和TCM蒸气的初始浓度、 气体流速和吸附温度均会影响动态吸附过程,随着初始浓度、 气体流速和吸附温度的增大,穿透时间变短,传质区长度增大,其中气体流速的影响最大;采用半经验数学模型Yoon-Nelson模型对吸附穿透实验数据进行拟合,拟合相关性系数R2≥0.994. 相似文献
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Willie Peijnenburg Lennart Eriksson Arthur de Groot Michael Sjöström Hans Verboom 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1998,5(1):12-16
Disappearance rate constants are reported for the reductive transformation of 17 halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons in anaerobic
sediment-water samples. Statistical experimental design in combination with multivariate chemical characterization of their
chemical properties was used to select the compounds. Degradation followed pseudo first-order kinetics through at least two
half-lives for 15 of the 17 compounds. Of all the compounds investigated, 1,2,3-trichloropropane and dichloromethane were
unique in that they were dehalogenated according to zero-order kinetics. Reductive dehalogenation was the sole transformation
reaction taking place. 相似文献
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J. S. Gaffney N. A. Marley M. M. Cunningham P. V. Doskey 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》1999,33(30):10265
Peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs) were measured using gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC/ECD) in north central Mexico City during February–March of 1997. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) was observed to exceed 30 ppb during five days of the study, with peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN) and peroxybutryl nitrate (PBN) reaching 6 and 1 ppb maximum, respectively. Levels of total PANs typically exceeded 10 ppb during the period of measurement and showed a very strong diurnal variation with PANs maximum during the early afternoon and falling to less than 0.1 ppb during the evening hours. These levels of PANs are the highest reported values in North America (and the world) for an urban center, since levels of approximately 30 ppb were reported during the late 1970s in the Los Angeles area (South Coast Air Basin, Tuazon et al., 1978). Hydrocarbon measurements indicate that the levels of olefins, specifically butenes are significant in Mexico City. A time series taken of source indicator hydrocarbons taken before and during a Mexican National Holiday with reduced automobile traffic clearly show that mobile sources of butenes are as important as liquefied petroleum gas. Observations of 10–40 ppb C methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) are consistent with MTBE/gasoline fuel usage as a source of isobutene and formaldehyde. Both these reactive species can lead to increased oxidant and PAN formation. The strong diurnal profiles of PANs are consistent with regional clearing of the Mexico City air basin on a daily basis. Estimates are given using a simple box model calculation for a number of key primary and secondary pollutant emissions from this megacity on an annual basis. These calculations indicate that megacities can be important sources of both primary and secondary pollutants, and that PANs produced in megacity environments are likely to contribute strongly to regional scale ozone and aerosol productions during long range transport. 相似文献
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Samal Kaumbekova Mehdi Amouei Torkmahalleh Naoya Sakaguchi Masakazu Umezawa Dhawal Shah 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(2):15