硅胶催化光度法测定空气中微量NO2

为测定空气中的微量NO2,提出一种新方法,即硅胶催化光度法.显色剂为对氨基苯磺酰胺和N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺盐酸盐,将其在硅胶颗粒介质中与NO2反应,生成玫瑰红色偶氮染料.在波长540 nm下,测定其吸光度,从而计算NO2含量.将该方法与标准方法-Saltzman法进行对比.结果表明,在硅胶的催化作用下,显色反应的时间由Saltzman法的15 min降至8 min,分析测定的灵敏度也有所提高.该法操作简单方便,无干扰,用于测定空气样品中的微量NO2,结果较为满意.     

液相放电-电极催化对罗丹明B的脱色研究

放电系统中加入TiO2催化剂能更有效地利用等离子体中各种高能量而产生氧化性高的.OH。文章以Ti为阳极,在直流电压下产生弧光放电,研究了其作用于罗丹明B模拟的印染废水的脱色效率,得到最佳放电电压、电极没水深度、电解质Na2SO4浓度、初始pH、罗丹明B初始浓度值,脱色率>95%。通过与W、Al电极比较,发现Ti电极上形成的氧化膜能增强放电强度,且有催化作用,不同电压下脱色反应速率系数提高23.7%~149%。结果表明,Ti阳极上形成了液相放电-电极催化自然集成的体系,在废水处理中是有发展前景的技术。     

低温等离子体协同催化降解VOCs的研究进展

低温等离子体协同催化降解VOCs技术因其具备操作条件简单、去除效率高、CO2选择性好、能量利用率高及产生二次污染物量少等特点,近年来受到国内外研究者的普遍关注。文章在研究大量文献的基础上,概括和分析了低温等离子体协同催化降解VOCs的影响因素和作用机理,并对其在挥发性有机化合物治理中的发展进行了展望。     

Fe-Mn/AC催化湿式过氧化氢氧化间甲酚

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一种新型Fe-Mn/AC催化剂,应用于催化湿式过氧化氢氧化(CWPO)间甲酚废水.通过SEM和XRF表征了其表面形态结构和元素组成,通过穆斯堡尔谱分析了催化剂中铁离子的存在形态,结果表明,新型Fe-Mn/AC催化剂中的铁以二价铁、三价铁以及四氧化三铁的形式存在.通过正交实验考察了CWPO降解间甲酚的影响因素,结果表明,各因素对间甲酚转化率影响的大小顺序依次为:底物初始p H值反应温度反应时间催化剂投加量.通过正交实验得到CWPO降解间甲酚的最佳反应条件.当间甲酚浓度为100 mg·L-1、反应温度为40℃、反应时间为40 min、催化剂投加量为0.6 g·L-1及底物初始p H值为3时,间甲酚转化率为99.8%,TOC去除率为28.3%.气相色谱/质谱联用没有检测到中间产物,气相色谱检测到CWPO降解间甲酚中间产物主要为乙酸和丙酸.     

Improved dark ambient degradation of organic pollutants by cerium strontium cobalt perovskite

This work investigates the effect of cerium substation into strontium cobalt perovskites(CeSrCoO) for the oxidative degradation of Orange Ⅱ(OII) in dark ambient conditions without the aid of any external stimulants such as light,heating or chemical additives.The OII degradation rate by CeSrCoO reached 65% in the first hour,whilst for the blank sample without cerium(SrCoO) took over 2 hr to reach the same level of OII degradation.Hence,the cerium substitution improved the catalytic activity of the perovskite material,mainly associated with the Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)CoO_3 perovskite phase.Upon contacting CeSrCoO,the-N=Nazo bonds of the OII molecules broke down resulting in electron donation and the formation of by-products.The electrons are injected into the CeSrCoO and resulted in a redox pair of Co~(3+)/Co~(2+),establishing a bridge for the electron transfer between OII and the catalysts.Concomitantly,the electrons also formed reactive species(·OH) responsible for OII degradation as evidenced by radical trapping experiment.Reactive species were formed via the reaction between 02 and donated electrons from OII with the aid of cobalt redox pair.As the prepared materials dispensed with the need for light irradiation and additional oxidants,it opens a window of environmental applications for treating contaminated wastewaters.     

Ce掺杂对Pd/γ-Al2O3催化燃烧甲苯性能的影响

通过等体积浸渍法制备了单金属Pd/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂和双金属Pd-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂,考察掺杂CeO₂对Pd/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂催化氧化甲苯性能的影响.并通过N₂吸脱附、SEM、H₂-TPR表征催化剂比表面积、表面形貌及氧化还原性能.结果发现,CeO₂的掺杂一定程度上降低了Pd/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的比表面积,但增加了10nm孔径的孔密度,且催化剂仍保持介孔结构,当添加4% CeO₂时（质量分数,下同）,催化剂比表面积降至165m²/g,孔道存在一定程度的堵塞,阻碍污染物和反应产物的扩散,降低催化剂催化性能.H₂-TPR结果表明,Pd和Ce之间存在较强的协同作用,与PdO相邻的CeO₂更容易打开Ce-O键,相较于单金属0.2% Pd/γ-Al₂O₃,掺杂了0.3% CeO₂的催化剂具有更强的还原峰,表明CeO₂的引入为催化剂提供了更多的表面氧空位,增强了催化剂的催化氧化能力,其T₁₀和T₉₀与单贵金属催化剂相比分别降低10和40℃.     

Dielectric barrier discharge plasma-assisted modification of g-C3N4/Ag2O/TiO2-NRs composite enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma applied as surface treatment technology was employed for the modification of Ag₂O and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) powders. Subsequently, the pretreated powders were sequentially loaded onto TiO₂ nanorods (TiO₂-NRs) via electro-deposition, followed by calcination at N₂ atmosphere. The results indicated that at the optimal plasma discharge time of 5 min for modification of g-C₃N₄ and Ag₂O, photocurrent density of ternary composite was 6 times to bare TiO₂-NRs under UV-visible light irradiation. Phenol was degraded by using DBD plasma-modified g-C₃N₄/Ag₂O/TiO₂-NRs electrode to analyze the photoelectrocatalytic performance. The removal rate of phenol for g-C₃N₄-5/Ag₂O-5/TiO₂-NRs electrode was about 3.07 times to that for TiO₂-NRs electrode. During active species scavengers’ analysis, superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals were the main oxidation active species for pollutants degradation. A possible electron-hole separation and transfer mechanism of ternary composite with high photoelectrocatalytic performance was proposed.     

UV-Fenton光催化氧化处理高浓度邻苯二甲酸二辛酯生产废水

采用UV-Fenton技术光催化氧化高浓度邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）生产废水，确定最佳操作条件为：初始pH=3.8，H₂O₂浓度为9.99 g/L，H₂O₂/Fe²⁺摩尔比为20∶1，光照反应60 min。此条件下的废水COD去除率为89.1%，出水COD值在570 mg/L左右。经正交试验确定影响处理效果各因素的重要性顺序为：H₂O₂浓度＞H₂O₂/Fe²⁺摩尔比＞光照反应时间＞pH。UV的加入与单独的Fenton体系存在正相关的协同作用。废水降解的表观过程符合一级反应动力学模式。     

Homogeneous catalytic wet air oxidation for the treatment oftextile wastewaters

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TiO2-assisted photo-catalysis degradation process of dye chemicals

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