Ecological Determinants of Distribution Decline and Risk of Extinction in Moths

Abstract:  For successful conservation of species it is important to identify traits that predispose species to the risk of extinction. By identifying such traits conservation efforts can be directed toward species that are most at risk of becoming threatened. We used data derived from the literature to determine ecological traits that affect distribution, distribution change, and the risk of extinction in Finnish noctuid moths (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The ecological traits we examined included body size, larval specificity, length of the flight period, and overwintering stage. In addition, in monophagous species we examined the effects of resource distribution. Larval specificity, length of the flight period, and the overwintering stage each had an independent effect on the risk of extinction when the effects of other traits were controlled by entering all traits into the same regression model. Not a single trait predicted the risk of extinction when analysis was conducted without controlling for the other traits. This discrepancy among the results suggests that a single trait may not be enough to allow prediction of the risk of extinction. Instead, it seems that for successful, predictive conservation science data on several ecological characteristics are needed.     

Types of Ontogeny and Territorial Distribution of Small Rodents

In small rodents, differences in the average home range size, depending on the type of ontogeny and animal sex, have been revealed. The dynamics of changes in the spatial structure of populations during the breeding season are described.     

赣东北地区不同构造单元内微古化石及其地质意义

赣东北地区构造复杂 ,可以划分为扬子地块、浙西地块和南华造山带等三个不同类型的构造单元 ;通过对该区微古化石资料的系统整理 ,发现不同构造单元中所产微古化石类型存在较大的差别 ,从一个侧面佐证了三个不同类型的构造单元具有各不相同的演化历史及特点 ;同时通过对扬子地块中发育的大面积浅变质岩系中微古化石资料的整理 ,其微古组合时代主要为蓟县纪—青白口纪 ,结合岩石地层及其它相关资料综合分析与对比研究 ,认为扬子地块中大面积出露的浅变质岩系时代为中元古代 ;这一结果对研究赣东北地区不同构造单元的构造演化历史具有较为重要的意义     

组织蛋白酶L在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达

通过免疫组化检测组织蛋白酶L(CL)在40例非小细胞肺癌标本中的表达情况.结果Ⅲ~Ⅳ期肺癌组织CL阳性表达率高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期,随着分化程度由高分化、中分化至低分化,CL阳性表达率亦明显增加.伴有淋巴结转移者,CL阳性表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移者.提示CL在非小细胞肺癌中明显表达,其表达与非小细胞肺癌的转移及预后相关.     

Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) significantly decreases the hybridization efficiency of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Fetal cells were enriched from maternal blood using density gradient centrifugation of Histopaque followed by magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) to select CD71-positive cells. For each specimen, cells partially purified by Histopaque were split into equal portions, and each portion was subjected to purification by MACS in parallel. Cells before and after MACS were subjected to dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with X- and Y-chromosome-specific probes. We found that the hybridization rates were decreased by approximately 10% after MACS based on duplicated analysis for each sample. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微生物燃料电池表观内阻的构成和测量

将微生物燃料电池内部各种阻力用表观内阻统一表征,在建立其等效电路的基础上将表观内阻分为欧姆内阻和非欧姆内阻2部分。通过稳态放电法测量微生物燃料电池表观内阻,在改变外电阻后稳定时间需要60s以上方能保证测定准确性,通过稳态放电法测定一室型微生物燃料电池的表观内阻为289?,当外电阻等于表观内阻时微生物燃料电池对外输出功率达到最大,为241mW/m2;通过电流中断法测量一室型微生物燃料电池的欧姆内阻为99?,测定结果与断电前电流强度无关;当一室型微生物燃料电池对外供电分别处于活化极化区、欧姆极化区和浓差极化区时,非欧姆电阻占总内阻的比例分别为93％、66％和75％,在电池对外供电达到最大时非欧姆占总内阻比例最低。提高微生物燃料电池产电能力需要同时降低电池的欧姆内阻和非欧姆内阻。     

Formaldehyde degradation by UV/TiO2/O3process using continuous flow mode

The degradation of formaldehyde gas was studied using UV/TiO2/O3 process under the condition of continuous flow mode. The effects of humidity, initial formaldehyde concentration, residence time and ozone adding amount on degradation of formaldehyde gas were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the combination of ozonation with photocatalytic oxidation on the degradation of formaldehyde showed a synergetic action, e.g,, it could considerably increase decomposing of formaldehyde. The degradation efficiency of formaldehyde was between 73.6% and 79.4% while the initial concentration in the range of 1.84--24 mg/m^3 by O3/TiO2flJV process. The optimal humidity was about 50% in UV/TiO2/O3 processs and degradation of formaldehyde increases from 39.0% to 94.1% when the ozone content increased from 0 to 141 mg/m^3. Furthermore, the kinetics of formaldehyde degradation reaction could be described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The rate constant k of 46.72 mg/（m^3.min） and Langmuir adsorption coefficient K of 0.0268 m^3/mg were obtained.     

Natural under-canopy regeneration and height-age structure of small-leaved linden (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Tilia cordata</Emphasis> Mill.) undergrowth in water-conservation forests around Pavlovskoe Reservoir,Ufa River

Natural regeneration and the height-age structure of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) under a forest canopy were studied with regard to specific features of forest typology on the Ufa Plateau. For the first time, the height-age structure of linden undergrowth was analyzed by an anatomical method, which allowed accurate determination of the actual plant age and linear increment. The results of this analysis made it possible to reveal three periods in the development of linden undergrowth with respect to the linear growth rate and abundance of plants. More successful regeneration of linden was observed in open elements of relief.     

葡萄糖和硝基苯为混合燃料时MFC的产电特性研究

通过构建双极室微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC),以铁氰化钾溶液为阴极电子受体,以硝基苯(nitrobenzene,NB)和葡萄糖为混合燃料,研究MFC的产电特性和NB的降解情况.结果表明,在外阻为1000Ω的条件下,随着NB初始浓度的增加,双极室MFC的产电特性明显受到抑制.当葡萄糖浓度为1000mg/L,NB初始浓度分别为0、50、150、250mg/L时,MFC的运行周期逐渐缩短,分别为55.7、51.6、45.9、32.2h;最大输出电压分别为670、597、507、489mV;最大体积功率密度分别为28.57、20.42、9.29、8.47W/m3;电荷量分别为65.10、43.50、35.48、30.32C.MFC利用NB和葡萄糖为混合燃料,可以在稳定地输出电能的同时实现有机物高效降解,MFC对NB去除率高达100%,对COD的去除率达到87%～98%.但以250mg/LNB为单一燃料时,MFC无明显产电现象.DGGE图谱表明NB的加入改变了MFC阳极电极上微生物的群落结构.