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941.
通过静态模拟试验,研究了沉水植物水蕴草[Elodeadensa(Planch.)Casp.]对5种不同程度富营养化水体中氮、磷的去除能力。实验结果表明,水蕴草在5种不同程度富营养化水体中均能正常生长,且对水体中的氮、磷均表现出良好的净化效果。5种不同程度富营养化水体的TN、NO3-N、NH4-N、TP浓度分别由初始的3~36、2.25~27、1.2~9、1.2~14.4 mg/L降至0.29~6.82、0.3~5.8、0~1.035、0.022~5.51 mg/L。在模拟的不同营养浓度条件下,水蕴草对5种水体中TN、NO3-N、NH4-N、TP的累积去除率分别为:17%~28%、62%~88%、30%~70%、60%~100%。研究同时发现,水蕴草可以较好地净化不同程度的富营养化水体,并能保持清洁水体水质。 相似文献
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944.
Wang Junsong 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(2):44-49
Abstract China has witnessed rapid economic development since 1978, and during the time, energy production and consumption developed at a tremendous speed as well. Energy efficiency which can be measured by energy consumption per unit of GDP, however, experienced continuous decrease. Theoretically, the change of energy efficiency can be attributed to industry structural change and technological change. In order to explain the transformation of Chinese energy efficiency, we adopt logarithmic mean Divisia index techniques to decompose changes in energy intensity in the period of 1994–2005. We find that technological change is the dominant contributor in the decline of energy intensity, but the contribution has declined since 2001. The change in industry structure has decreased the energy intensity before 1998, but raised the intensity after 1998. Decomposed technological effects for all sectors indicate that technological progresses in high energy consuming industries such as raw chemical materials and chemical products, smelting and pressing of ferrous metals, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products and household contribute are the principal drivers of China’s declining energy intensity. 相似文献
945.
为对比加宽版吹风喷头、1 mm孔径广角实心喷嘴和组合型喷嘴配置下的静电旋风水膜除尘系统的除尘效果,对进口风速、静电电压和单位面积流量3个单因素进行实验。研究结果表明:借助SPSS软件正交实验设计得出各喷嘴最佳参数、除尘效率影响因素排序均为进口风速>静电电压>单位面积流量。在各喷嘴最佳参数下,除尘性能排序为组合型喷嘴>加宽版吹风喷头>1 mm孔径广角实心喷嘴。在组合型喷嘴最佳参数(进口风速12.03 m/s、单位面积流量1.02 L/(m2·s)、电压45 kV)下,当进口风速不变时,除尘系统的分级除尘效率随粉尘颗粒粒径的增大而增大,但增幅不断地变缓,粒径约为40 μm时分级效率近似达到100%;当粉尘颗粒粒径不变时,分级效率随进口风速的增大呈现递减的趋势,粒径越大下的分级效率越接近。 相似文献
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947.
Present work investigates a noble approach toward the heat loss analysis of parabolic dish type solar cooker. Various experiments have been done on cooking pot to get the input parameter for calculation purposes. Cooking pot was kept at the focus of a parabolic dish type concentrator and repeated experiments have been done to measure solar radiation intensity (direct and Indirect) using a pyrometer, temperature at the focus of parabolic dish using a thermocouple and air velocity using hot wire anemometer to investigate the heat losses from the cooking pot. In the present article, a numerical approach has been performed to define the new parameter called performance index of the cooking pot which decides how the useful energy of working fluid inside the cooking pot approaches concentration ratio of the parabolic dish type solar cooker. The present analysis shows that the performance index varies from 15.45 to 17.66 and efficiency varies from 85.83% to 98.10% with the time of the day. 相似文献
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Economic and population growth in Asia over the last three decades has been unprecedented. While conventional economic indicators have been increasing consistently, indicators of resource and environmental quality have been deteriorating, raising questions about the implications of future growth. Economic growth in the future is considered to be contingent on ensuring a more efficient use of natural resources, while simultaneously striving to reduce environmental impacts. We examine time trends of three efficiency indicators; agricultural efficiency, energy efficiency of economic production and carbon efficiency of energy use, for the five most populous countries in Asia in order to assess whether industrial development has lead to increased resource use efficiency and an associated reduction in total resource use and environmental impacts. Our results indicate that agricultural efficiency has decreased in all five countries. Results are mixed for energy and carbon efficiencies. Where increases in energy and carbon efficiency have occurred, they have been completely overwhelmed by absolute increases in energy use and carbon emissions caused by increases in the scale of economic activity. Based on this analysis, we study the potential for further improvements and policy implications for future food supply, energy consumption and carbon emissions in the region. 相似文献
950.
利用田间小区试验,系统研究了基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术对水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响。试验结果表明:与农民常规施肥处理(FP)比较,侧条施肥技术高缓释肥处理(HF)水稻氮素投入比农民常规施肥处理(FP)降低约40%,水稻产量没有显著降低,穗粒数比农民常规施肥处理增加了8.36%。侧条施肥技术显著提高了水稻地上部吸氮量和氮肥偏生产力,降低了氮素的表观损失量。侧条施肥各处理氮肥偏生产力在39.1~67.8之间,显著高于FP处理的23.7。FP处理氮素表观损失量高达174.2 kg·hm-2,侧条施肥各处理表观损失量在23.2~61.9 kg·hm-2之间。综合考虑水稻产量和环境因素,基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术是一种资源节约和环境友好的施肥技术。 相似文献