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241.
复合淋洗剂土柱淋洗法修复Cd、Pb污染土壤 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
选取三氯化铁和有机酸(柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸)复合淋洗,采用土柱淋洗的方法对Cd、Pb污染土壤进行淋洗实验,研究了复合淋洗剂浓度配比、淋洗剂用量和淋洗次数对重金属去除效果的影响,并测定了土壤淋洗前后Cd、Pb形态的变化。结果表明:三氯化铁浓度为10 mmol/L,有机酸浓度为20 mmol/L时,淋洗率Cd为72.15%,Pb为30.26%,与使用单一淋洗剂相比均有大幅提升。复合淋洗剂能有效地去除交换态、碳酸盐结合态和氧化物结合态重金属,而对有机态和残余态部分重金属作用效果不明显;Cd比Pb容易去除是由于污染土壤中Cd的存在形态主要是可交换态、碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态,而Pb的存在形态主要是有机结合态和残渣态。淋洗后土壤中Cd和Pb均达到土壤环境质量标准。 相似文献
242.
脉冲放电等离子体治理甲苯废气放大试验研究 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
应用脉冲放电等离子体技术,在线板式反应器内对低浓度甲苯废气的治理进行放大试验.采用闸流管开关脉冲电源,其最大输出功率1kW,最大脉冲电压峰值100kV. 试验规模4~16m3·h-1. 试验考察了峰值电压、重复频率、进口浓度和处理气量对甲苯去除率的影响.结果表明:峰值电场强度在9~12kV·cm-1范围内增加,甲苯去除率相应明显提高;当处理气量为4 m3·h-1、脉冲电压峰值69kV、进口浓度1 180mg·m-3、重复频率300pps时, 甲苯的去除率可达88%;反应器的能量利用率在16g·(kW·h)-1左右;甲苯的降解产物主要是CO2和H2O,还有少量CO. 结合甲苯去除率与能量密度、甲苯进口浓度的关系,建立反应器动力学模型,获得甲苯的反应速率常数为0.00356 L·J-1. 为进一步优化放大反应器设计及与电源匹配提供了基础数据. 相似文献
243.
244.
随着固结时间的增加,试样逐渐变硬的硬化效应使软粘土的动剪切模量增大;同时,随着固结时间的增加,试样高度和直径明显减小的尺寸效应,也使软粘土的动剪切模量受到显著的影响。通过软粘土自振柱试验,分析了固结时间对软粘土的最大动剪切模量、动剪切模量比和试样尺寸的影响;根据自振柱试验的基本原理,分析了试样尺寸的变化对软粘土动剪切模量的影响;结合试验得到的固结时间和试样尺寸的关系,分析了固结时间通过试样尺寸对软粘土动剪切模量的影响。 相似文献
245.
Caesium-137 activity concentration in the water columns of the Gulf of Patras (Central Greece) and the North-Eastern Aegean Sea (easterward to Lemnos Island) was investigated in selected sampling stations during the period September 2004–June 2006. The methodology followed was based on the sorption of caesium (Cs) on cotton wound cartridge filters impregnated by Cu2[Fe(CN)6] via in-situ pumping. In terms of the horizontal and vertical records, the activity concentrations of 137Cs in the Gulf of Patras ranged between 1.2 and 6.7 Bq m−3, depending on the sampling period and the prevailing physicochemical regime at the sampling station. The general pattern of the decreased activity concentrations of 137Cs with increasing depth was reversed in the Gulf of Patras during the cold period attributed to the prevailing advective processes of the area. The activity concentrations of 137Cs in the North-Eastern Aegean Sea ranged from 2.6 to 12.8 Bq m−3, whereas significant stratified curves were observed during the warm period and also, in one station during the cold period. In terms of temporal variation, the discharges in the Gulf of Patras resulted in enhanced levels of 137Cs, whereas in the North Aegean Sea the incoming water masses form the Black Sea had an apparent influence throughout the year by increasing the 137Cs levels, hence presenting a weak seasonal variation. Comparing the two studied areas, one could say that the North Aegean Sea, as an open sea environment, presented higher concentrations due to the influence of the Black Sea water masses. The estimated inventories of 137Cs in the Gulf of Patras ranged 0.25 ± 0.03–0.79 ± 0.03 kBq m−2, whereas in the North-Eastern Aegean Sea they ranged 0.33 ± 0.02–0.92 ± 0.03 kBq m−2. 相似文献
246.
Growth, yield and elements content of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown in composted municipal solid wastes amended soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mamata Mishra Rajani K. Sahu Sanjat K. Sahu Rabindra N. Padhy 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2009,11(1):115-126
A commercial formulation of composted municipal solid wastes (MSW) was used for amending soil at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and
250 kg ha−1 in which wheat had been grown (field experiments) and element residues of amended soil and plant parts were enumerated. MSW
amendment caused a significant improvement in soil quality. Growth (shoot length, leaf number, leaf area, tiller number, plant
dry weight and chlorophyll contents of leaves) and yield (length of panicle, number of panicles per plant and grain yield
per plant) of wheat increased gradually up to the MSW-amendment level of 200 kg ha−1. Elements, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb accumulated in plants from MSW amended soil, but the degree of metal accumulation was
the least in seeds in comparison to other plant parts (root, stem and leaf). Moreover, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb, were in high concentration
in all plant parts. It is recorded that the level of 200 kg ha−1 MSW amendment caused better growth and yield of wheat, but progressive levels of metal accumulation in plant parts were recorded
due to increase in amendment levels.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
247.
气相色谱法测定工业废水中联苯与菲 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章研究了一种新的测定废水中联苯及菲含量的方法,该方法采用气相色谱薄涂柱,对联苯与菲进行了有效的分离与测定。该方法具有固定液用量少,柱温低,分离效果好,分析速度快等特点,利用该对废水样进行了测定,取得了满意的结果。 相似文献
248.
In this study, the surface chemical functional groups of Bacillus cereus biomass were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analytical technique. It had been shown that the B. cereus cells mainly contained carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphate, amino and amide functional groups. The potentiometric titration was conducted to explain the surface acid-base properties of aqueous B. cereus biomass. The computer program FITEQL 4.0 was used to perform the model calculations. The optimization results indicated that three sitesthree pKas model, which assumed the cell surface to have three distinct types of surface organic functional groups based on the IR analysis results, simulated the experimental results very well. Moreover, batch adsorption experiments were performed to investigate biosorption behavior of Cu(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) ions onto the biomass. Obviously, the adsorption equilibrium data for the two ions were reasonably described by typical Langmuir isotherm. 相似文献
249.
250.
将菌株(R32)和复合菌群(Fh01)2种生物吸附剂与活性污泥进行复合使用,观察了柱式生物曝气法对高浓度含铬模拟水样和含铬电镀废水的生物吸附效果.结果表明,这2种吸附剂性能稳定,对进水pH值适应范围广,当pH值为1.0~7.0时,R32对50.0mg/L铬的去除率达71%~86%;当pH值为1.0~5.0时,Fh01对铬的去除率均在60%以上.R32对铬浓度、进水速度、处理时间等因素均具有较好的适应性.而Fh01对低浓度含铬废水的处理效率高,当总Cr浓度为5.0~20.0mg/L时,对铬的去除率达100%.R32和Fh01串联曝气处理效果理想,吸附2h后,对总Cr,Cu2+,CODCr浓度分别为78.3,2.29,45.0mg/L的电镀废水的去除率分别高达94.0%,99.2%,74.5%. 相似文献