用2,4-二硝基苯肼吸附管涂渍方法测定醛酮类化合物

通过实验确定用2,4-二硝基苯肼吸附管的涂渍方法测定醛酮类化合物;比较了C18柱、佛罗里硅藻土柱及硅胶柱对DNPH的涂渍效率和乙腈对醛酮腙的洗脱效率。结果表明：硅胶柱对DNPH涂渍效率及对醛酮腙的洗脱效率高,是制备2,4-二硝基苯肼吸附柱的最佳填充柱。     

水和废水中氯乙烯方法的测定

利用吹扫捕集测量水和废水中氯乙烯检出限低,无溶剂污染,干扰少,结果准确,操作快捷方便。     

填料型减压塔检修时硫化亚铁自燃及预防

介绍了填料型减压塔的腐蚀及停工检修程序,针对填料型减压塔检修时硫化亚铁自燃事故,提出了预防硫化亚铁自燃的措施。     

石油类污染物在砂砾石层中的迁移与分布

利用静态模拟实验研究河滩砂砾石对油类的静态吸附特性,确定平稳吸附等温方程。通过土柱实验模拟油类在砂砾石中的迁移过程,建立油类在砂砾石层中迁移的数学模拟模型,确定模型参数,以此预测油类砂砾石中的迁移。     

生物滴滤池法处理有机废气甲苯工艺填料的选择

生物滴滤池法处理挥发性有机污染物的研究是世界工业废气净化的前沿热点之一，本研究比较了阶梯环，聚乙烯小球，煤炭渣和某种活性炭附着纤维作为滴滤池中生物附着载体性能的优劣，结果表明，活性炭附着纤维填料系统具有较好的有机污染物去除能力。     

岩石中氟的赋存状态研究

使用逐级化学提取方法对岩石中氟的赋存状态进行了研究.结果表明:岩石中氟主要与K和Al呈显著相关,高氟岩石中氟与P呈显著正相关,氟主要以氟磷灰石的形式存在;经逐级提取后残渣中的氟与Ca呈显著负相关关系,碳酸盐岩和磷块岩中的氟主要以水溶态和碳酸盐结合态等易溶形式存在;而硅质岩、黑色页岩、硅质碳板岩和碳质板岩中的氟主要存在于难溶矿物中.     

Seasonal ontogenetic colour plasticity in the adult striated shieldbug <Emphasis Type="Italic">Graphosoma lineatum</Emphasis> (Heteroptera) and its effect on detectability

Camouflage and warning colouration are two important forms of protective colouration. We have studied the detectability of two seasonal colourations in the aposematic striated shieldbug, Graphosoma lineatum. The typical colouration of this insect is red and black, which is also the colouration of the reproductive post-hibernation bugs in our study area in south central Sweden. However, the majority of newly eclosed adults in late summer exhibit a ‘pale’ (light brownish, non-red) and black striation, and these bugs appear quite cryptic to the human eye when sitting on the dried stems and umbels of their host plants. In experiments using photographs of prey in the late-summer habitat shown on a computer screen, we compared the time to detection by human subjects of bugs, which had been manipulated to show either of the two typical seasonal colourations. Time to detection was significantly longer for the pale and black than for the red-and-black striation in images with the bug photographed at two different distances. This indicates that the pale pre-hibernation striation may have a cryptic function. In a separate experiment, we tested detectability of striated and non-striated manipulations of bug pre-hibernation colouration against the late-summer background, and found that time to detection was significantly longer for the striated bugs. We discuss potential functional explanations for the seasonal ontogenetic colour plasticity and suggest that the epidermal pale colour in the late summer provides a benefit of increased camouflage.     

土柱淋洗实验研究进展及其在土壤有机碳迁移研究中的应用展望

土壤碳库是陆地生态系统碳循环中重要的源与汇,其小幅的变化都将对大气CO2含量造成巨大的反馈.全球约有1 500 Gt的有机碳储存在土壤中,土壤有机碳的迁移转化一直以来是学者们关注的热点问题.土柱淋洗实验在农业、林业、环境科学等研究领域广泛应用,并在土壤溶质运移模拟、土壤水文性质、重金属和污染物迁移转化等科学研究中取得了...     

活性炭填料塔FeSO4液相催化氧化脱硫

对活性炭及瓷拉西环两种填料用自来水进行脱硫对比实验,证明无论是等宏观表面积还是等填料层高度,活性炭填料的脱硫率均高于瓷拉西环。在活性炭填料塔中进行了FeSO4液相催化氧化脱硫实验,考察了液气比、空塔气速、吸收温度及SO2进口浓度对脱硫率的影响。综合实验结果表明,连续运行500min时,脱硫率及吸收液pH分别稳定在93．5％以上及4．6左右,且两者的变化趋势基本一致。     

复合柱净化法分析生物试样中残留的有机氯农药

用复合柱净化法分析生物试样中残留的有机氯农药,采用复合柱将少量硫酸含量较低的硅胶放在适量的硫酸含量较高的硅胶上,并将去活化硅胶复合在同一根柱子内,有效地避免了浓缩后的提取液与硫酸含量较高的硅胶直接接触时发生的板结现象。该方法对生物试样中8种有机氯农药六六六和滴滴涕的净化效果较好,当农药六六六和滴滴涕的标准加入量为200μg／kg和50μg／kg时,各目标物的平均回收率为63．9％～79．8％,相对标准偏差为5．6％-12．8％,检出限为0．001-0．040μg/kg。