连续流2450MHz电磁波剩余污泥脱水与溶出效果研究

利用连续流2450MHz的电磁波污泥脱水装置,对2种不同的污泥进行均匀性试验,得到加载功率270W、加载时间200s、加载泥量150mL工况最优.该工况下,污泥离心含水率、沉降含水率、SV分别由原泥的90.46%、96.35%、88%下降到87.32%、95.55%、76%,比阻由2.37?109m/kg升高至1.22?1010m/kg ,在同等离心条件下,经过2450MHz电磁波处理的污泥体积比不经电磁波处理的体积减少了25%.加载后,TN、TP、SCOD的最大溶出倍数分别达到了17.69、9.50和40.11,EPS降低61.9%,与现有的微波加载实验结果对比发现,在原泥比阻值较低情况下,连续流状态下比阻值未降反增,但污泥胞内物质的溶出倍数明显更大,能有效降低EPS,改善污泥脱水性能,表明了2450MHz电磁波动态污泥脱水的效果更好.     

城市环境污染治理设施与社会管理的研究

中国城市环境管理模式虽然有了很大进步,但存在资金的较大压力,使城市环境的运营能力薄弱、工作质量不佳等问题,这些问题阻碍了城市环境污染治理工作.尤其是起步较晚的市场化管理模式,虽然已能够实现城市环境污染治理与社会管理,但管理水平还处于较低的现状,建议通过加强城市环境的法制建设、建立激励政策、加强对运营机构的监管,采取双赢机制,来提高环境污染治理与社会运营管理的市场化.     

秸秆沼气综合利用项目运营期的环境影响评价研究

根据环境影响评价的方法和导则,分析了秸秆沼气综合利用项目运营期对环境产生的不良影响,预测和评价了运营期的大气、废水和噪声污染.结果表明,运营期排放的废水可以满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准;烟(粉)尘、SO2是大气污染物的主要成分,项目高噪设备在厂界四周的噪声叠加值满足噪声排放标准.同时提出了相应的环保措施,总结了此类项目环境影响评价的特点.     

电捕焦油器安全运行条件

为避免焦化企业化产回收工艺中焦炉煤气含焦油雾较高,可能影响后序工艺产品质量或操作,同时,造成安全隐患,目前,国内大型焦化企业普遍采用电捕焦油器,以有效清除焦油雾。但电捕焦油器在运行过程中,若控制不当极易发生火灾爆炸事故。通过介绍电捕焦油器的工作原理,分析电捕焦油器运行过程中所涉及的危险物质及运行中可能发生的火灾爆炸危险,结合火灾爆炸三要素及生产过程中遇到的实际问题,依据《焦化安全规程》（GB12710）,从激发能源、煤气中含氧量的控制入手,阐述电捕焦油器安全运行条件。     

自动监测站第三方运维管理的思考

随着自动监测技术的不断发展,其连续、稳定的监测优势正在逐步代替手工监测,各地监测部门投入了大量的资源和精力建成了大量的空气、水质自动站,在灰霾监测、河道水质监管、大环境预警方面等都起到了积极作用。由于自动站数量多,工作任务复杂繁重,因此大部分地区都采用第三方托管模式进行自动站日常运维管理。如何有效的进行权责分配、提高工作效率、减少管理摩擦等成为业主方不可回避和亟待解决的问题。根据实际管理实践,结合一些实用的管理经验,提出了一系列相关措施。     

水分管理对水稻生长与根际激发效应的影响特征

作物根际沉积碳输入而引起的根际激发效应,对农田土壤碳排放通量和碳平衡起到关键的调控作用.在稻田生态系统中,由于频繁的干湿交替,土壤CO2 和CH4 排放以及根际激发效应明显有别于其他自然生态系统.因此,明确稻田生态系统干湿交替过程中水稻根际激发效应的方向与强度,对于减缓稻田温室气体排放具有重要意义.本研究采用13C-C...     

VB程序实现微量元素相关比值的计算

微量元素的相关比值在许多领域都有不同的作用,随着研究工作的日益精细,数据越来越多,使得不少学者要把大量时间花在数据的整理和计算上,既不利于准确的统计,又浪费了时间.在探讨、实现了地壳中微量元素的相关比值的VB程序,使得在运用这些比值时方便、准确、省时,为研究工作减少许多不必要的麻烦.     

标准化作业确保人机两安全

通过研究作业过程 ,编制其标准化作业程序 ,使人、机、料、环 4个环节和谐统一 ,作业程序化、规范化。达到预防事故的目地 ,确保安全生产     

Landscape trajectory of natural boreal forest loss as an impediment to green infrastructure

Loss of natural forests by forest clearcutting has been identified as a critical conservation challenge worldwide. This study addressed forest fragmentation and loss in the context of the establishment of a functional green infrastructure as a spatiotemporally connected landscape-scale network of habitats enhancing biodiversity, favorable conservation status, and ecosystem services. Through retrospective analysis of satellite images, we assessed a 50- to 60-year spatiotemporal clearcutting impact trajectory on natural and near-natural boreal forests across a sizable and representative region from the Gulf of Bothnia to the Scandinavian Mountain Range in northern Fennoscandia. This period broadly covers the whole forest clearcutting period; thus, our approach and results can be applied to comprehensive impact assessment of industrial forest management. The entire study region covers close to 46,000 km² of forest-dominated landscape in a late phase of transition from a natural or near-natural to a land-use modified state. We found a substantial loss of intact forest, in particular of large, contiguous areas, a spatial polarization of remaining forest on regional scale where the inland has been more severely affected than the mountain and coastal zones, and a pronounced impact on interior forest core areas. Salient results were a decrease in area of the largest intact forest patch from 225,853 to 68,714 ha in the mountain zone and from 257,715 to 38,668 ha in the foothills zone, a decrease from 75% to 38% intact forest in the inland zones, a decrease in largest patch core area (assessed by considering 100-m patch edge disturbance) from 6114 to 351 ha in the coastal zone, and a geographic imbalance in protected forest with an evident predominance in the mountain zone. These results demonstrate profound disturbance of configuration of the natural forest landscape and disrupted connectivity, which challenges the establishment of functional green infrastructure. Our approach supports the identification of forests for expanded protection and conservation-oriented forest landscape restoration.     

Clam shell catalyst for continuous production of biodiesel

Continuous flow transesterification of waste frying oil (WFO) with methanol for the biodiesel production was tested in a laboratory scale jacketed reactive distillation (RD) unit packed with clam shell based CaO as solid catalyst. The physiochemical properties of the clam shell catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Atomic X-ray Spectrometry (EDAX). The effects of the reactant flow rate, methanol-to-oil ratio, and catalyst bed height were studied to obtain the maximum methyl ester conversion. Reboiler temperature of 65°C was maintained throughout the process for product purification and the system reached the steady state at 7 hr. The experimental results revealed that the jacketed RD system packed with clam shell based CaO showed high catalytic activity for continuous production of biodiesel and a maximum methyl ester conversion of 94.41% was obtained at a reactant flow rate of 0.2 mL/min, methanol/oil ratio of 6:1, and catalyst bed height of 180 mm.