高职旅游管理专业课程教学方法初探

高职旅游管理专业教学改革的方向是:采用启发式教学,推动参与式教学,引进模拟教学,加强电化教学和把有实践经验的旅游专业人员请进课堂教学.     

The evolution of non-maternal caretaking among anthropoid primates: do helpers help?

Non-maternal infant care among nonhuman primates has frequently been investigated from the perspective of the caretaker. Here we examine whether allocaretaking behavior provides direct reproductive benefits to mothers. Comparative analyses that control for the effects of allometry and phylogeny reveal that allocaretaking behavior correlates with relatively fast infant growth and reproduction, but is not associated with the production of large infants. These results are consistent with those from studies of other taxa; primate helpers appear to increase the reproductive success of female breeders. In addition, our findings contrast with those derived from traditional allometric analyses and underscore the importance of controlling for the potentially confounding effects of phylogeny in comparative analyses. Received: 28 May 1996 / Accepted after revision: 16 November 1996     

人工生物浮床技术治理富营养化水体研究现状

本文综合介绍了人工生物浮床技术治理富营养化水体研究现状．其构建方式包括泡沫板栽培、人工蛭石袋栽培等；栽培植物多达八十余种；对TN、TP、COD、SS以及重金属等都取得了良好的去除效果；但对人工生物浮床治理富营养化水体的机理研究尚不够深入．文章认为人工生物浮床的良好综合效益使之可能成为治理富营养化水体技术的一个重要发展方向．     

花卉无土栽培技术的研究(Ⅰ)

花卉无土栽培是在土壤栽培的基础上发展起来的现代农业高新技术,本文作者经多年来的无土栽培试验,根据当地条件,改良了霍格兰和阿农(Hogagland&Arnon)配方,改良配方效果显示:无土栽培的花卉其叶色浓艳,叶绿素含量较有土栽培一般高10~20%;黄枯叶较土壤栽培少60~80%左右,耗水量、病虫害较土壤栽培分别少40~60%、75~100﹪,且无杂草,可观期延长.     

几种裸子植物胚乳愈伤组织的诱导

取裸子植物未成熟胚乳作为外植体，在改良MS、添加不同种类激素和不同浓度配比的培养基上．分别予以热激、光培养、暗培养和刻伤胚乳等多种处理进行培养．结果表明：刻伤胚乳和适时暗培养有利于愈伤组织发生；经过25～30d的培养，在ρ（NAA）＝0．5～0．75mg／L、ρ（2，4－D）＝0．2～0．5mg／L、蔗糖浓度5％的培养基上，油松、白皮松、青、华北落叶松以附加ρ（KT）1．0～2．0mg／L以及白、侧柏在BA与KT配合使用的培养基上，热激后暗培养，愈伤组织诱导频率可达86．4％．     

深海热液喷口周围微氧耐压细菌的培养研究

研究采用析因实验设计,探讨了培养基的水源、培养温度和生长pH等因素对喷口细菌生长繁殖的影响,初步探索了常压下东太平洋某海底喷口周围微氧耐压细菌的生长条件。样品培养10d后,对培养液中细菌量进行显微计数,实验数据用SPSS11.0统计软件中的方差分析程序进行处理。统计结果显示:在标准大气压下,从研究样品中获得最多细菌数的较优培养条件为:培养基水源为单蒸水;生长pH为7.60;培养温度为50℃。在该条件的培养液中细菌平均浓度达2.596×10个/mL。研究结果为进一步认识、鉴定与开发利用深海喷口周围细菌资源打下了基础。     

No cultural transmission of species recognition between parents and offspring in free-living great tits and blue tits

Imprinting plays a key role in the development of species recognition, with young imprinting upon the morphological characters of their parents. However, the potential role that cultural transmission might play in species recognition remains largely uninvestigated. Great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) do not normally perceive each other as sexual competitors or potential partners. However, after reciprocal interspecific cross-fostering, both species may perceive individuals of the foster species as potential rivals or mates. Although the experience of being raised by heterospecifics clearly has affected the species recognition of cross-fostered birds, some of them breed naturally with conspecifics. The offspring of such cross-fostered birds (OCF) are hence raised by parents that look like ordinary conspecifics but display deviant species recognition as compared to controls in terms of aggressive response towards rivals. Comparing the aggressive behavior of OCF, cross-fostered birds and controls towards territorial intruders may thus help tease apart the influence of morphological vs behavioral cues of parents in the development of offspring species recognition. To this end, we compared birds from all three treatments with respect to their aggressive response to territorial intruders of both species during the breeding season. OCF and controls did not differ in their pattern of response towards heterospecific and conspecific stimuli. Compared to cross-fostered birds, OCF and controls showed less aggression towards heterospecific intruders, while the response towards conspecific intruders did not differ between treatments. These results demonstrate that both tit species imprint on the morphological characters of their parents, but that parental behavior is not important for the development of species recognition in terms of aggressive response towards territorial intruders.     

PP333在库拉索芦荟组培快繁中的应用研究

以MS 6-BA2.5mg/L NAA0．2mg/L为初代培养基，以MS 6-BA2.0mg/L NAA0．1mg/L为增殖培养基，1，3MS IBA0.5mg/L为生根培养基，添加不同浓度的PP333，其结果表明：初代培养基中添加0．5mg/LPP333有利于库拉索芦荟外植体出芽，增殖培养基中添加0．1-0．5mg/LPP333对库拉索芦荟试管苗增殖有效，而在生根培养基中添加0．5—1．0mg／LPP333有利于生根和移栽，其中以1／3MS IBA0．5mg/L PP3330．5mg/L培养基对库拉索芦荟试管苗生根和移栽有良好效应．     

唐菖蒲原球茎培养的研究

以唐菖蒲球茎芽切段为外植体在含有2，4-D的脱分化培养基上诱导的愈伤组织，可分化出具有双极性的原球茎．通过继代培养，选择了合适的培养条件：激素配比ρ（2，4-D）＋ρ（NAA）＝1mm／L＋0．5mg／L，ρ（Sugar）＝30g／L．pH5．8，θ＝21～26℃．光照液体浅层培养．在优化的条件下，利用双层板径向流生物反应器进行唐菖蒲原球茎培养，28d生物量增殖8倍，原球茎数增殖9倍．     

海带配子体克隆育苗生产中幼苗培育技术的研究

探索了海带配子体克隆育苗生产中的幼苗培育技术,试验证明,流水速度和洗刷压力是幼苗培育技术中的关键技术.其技术指标如下:在采苗结束时,(1)流水,应采取附苗后静水、24h后微流水(表层流速5cm/s以下)、72h后正常流水;(2)洗刷,在孢子体生长到8~16列c时开始以0.5kg/cm2的压力洗刷,以后随着孢子体的生长及附着力的提高逐渐增加洗刷强度和次数.结果显示,这样的措施可使配子体附着率达到80%以上、幼苗健壮、出苗质量达到国家一类帘标准,使克隆采苗自8~16列c期间的生长发育速度较常规孢子体采苗后的生长发育速度快20d.另外,还统计分析了克隆育苗和孢子体育苗两种大孢子体的主要经济性状,并从遗传角度证明前者种群变异程度明显小于后者.表6参16