环境信访案件产生原因及对策探讨

以朝阳市为例,分析了环境信访投诉案件产生的主要原因,主要包括城市规划布局不尽合理、环保前置审批制度落实不到位、相关部门执法尚未形成合力等,并针对朝阳市环境信访与投诉案件的形式和特点,提出了将环保工作纳入城市规划全过程、控制源头审批、建立完善信访制度等建议。     

“五想五不干”安全理念应用实践

介绍了“五想五不干”提示卡的内容、使用方法、流程及其作为安全文化工具在中海油的应用。     

生物净化集成系统改善精养池塘水质的效果

2008年7月-9月,将3个精养池塘分隔为鱼类养殖区和水质净化区,除了对照池外,在另外两个试验池净化区构建了由水蕹菜、滤食性贝类和生物刷组成的集成生物净化系统来净化精养池塘的水质,并在8月初引进高分子纳米增氧管来改善池塘溶氧水平。2个阶段的试验结果表明,该集成生物净化系统在净化池塘养殖水中氮、磷营养盐和有机污染物方面具有明显的功能优势互补,对水中TSS、TN、TAN、NO2--N、NO3--N、PO43--P和TP都有较好地去除效果。而高分子纳米增氧管使得池塘溶氧始终保持在5 mg.L-1以上。3个池塘两阶段的内梅罗水质综合营养指数表明,2号池第二阶段生物净化材料密度配置稍高。     

不同培养方式下兽疫链球菌发酵生产透明质酸的研究

对摇瓶的分批和补料、小罐的分批和流加发酵生产透明质酸（ＨＡ） 进行了比较研究,并对发酵机制进行了初步的探讨．在耗糖量相同的情况下,分批发酵比多次加料或流加发酵具有更高的ＨＡ产量和转化率;分批发酵初糖７％ ,发酵２４ ｈ 左右,产ＨＡ３．６ ｇ／Ｌ,转化率５．３ ％ ,流加发酵初糖３％ ,１５ ｈ 耗糖７％ ,此时,ＨＡ 为３ ．０ ｇ／Ｌ,转化率Ｙｐ／ｓ４．２％ ,继续发酵至２０ ｈ ,产ＨＡ４ ．０％ ,此时转化率Ｙｐ／ｓ３ ．６％ ,两种发酵所产ＨＡ 的Ｍｒ 均为２ ．０×１０６ ． 分批发酵中ＨＡ、副产物乳酸都和菌体生长相偶联,流加发酵中乳酸和菌体生长是偶联的,其含量均不断增加,ＨＡ含量表现为在菌体生长前期与之偶联,而后下降．流加发酵的菌体比生长速率远高于分批发酵．     

The number of males in primate social groups: a comparative test of the socioecological model

As applied to polygynous mammals, the socioecological model assumes that environmental risks and resources determine the spatial and temporal distribution of females, which then sets male strategies for monopolizing fertile matings. The effects of female spatial distribution (i.e., female number) and temporal overlap (female mating synchrony) have been examined in comparative studies of primates, but the relative influence of these two factors on male monopolization potential (the number of males) remains unclear. One particular problem is that female synchrony is more difficult to estimate than female number. This paper uses multivariate statistical methods and three independent estimates of female synchrony to assess the roles of spatial and temporal effects in the context of a phylogenetically corrected dataset. These analyses are based on sensitivity analyses involving a total of four phylogenies, with two sets of branch length estimates for each tree, and one nonphylogenetic analysis in which species values are used (because male behavior may represent a facultative response to the distribution of females). The results show: (1) that breeding seasonality predicts male number (statistically significant in six out of nine sensitivity tests); (2) that expected female overlap, after controlling for female group size using residuals, also accounts for the number of males in primate groups (significant in eight out of nine tests), and (3) that actual estimates of female mating synchrony predict male number, again after correcting for female group size (significant in five out of nine tests). Nonsignificant results are in the predicted direction, and female group size is significant in all statistical tests. These analyses therefore demonstrate an independent influence of female temporal overlap on male monopolization strategies in mammalian social systems. Received: 24 July 1998 / Received in revised form: 5 February 1999 / Accepted: 7 February 1999     

小城镇生态监测指标体系及监测方法研究综述

阐述了小城镇开展生态监测的目的和意义,以及小城镇生态监测指标体系的建立原则,介绍了城市生态子系统环境监测指标体系、农村生态子系统环境监测指标体系和自然生态子系统环境监测指标体系的具体内容,以及相关的监测方法与技术。     

哑铃湾网箱养殖对水环境的影响

2002-04～2003-01对哑铃湾不同网箱养殖区水质和底泥的实地监测调查和分析表明,哑铃湾网箱养殖对环境的影响主要是:①使得养殖水环境中营养盐、BOD、COD、有机质和TSS增加,尤其是PO₄^3--P和NH₃-N增加更为明显;②使得底泥沉积物中N、P、硫化物、有机质等大量富集,其中富集现象最明显的是P、硫化物和NH₄-N,其次是TN和有机质.     

网箱养殖N、P物质平衡研究--以广东省哑铃湾网箱养殖研究为例

通过借鉴封闭系统水产养殖物质平衡的观测思路,把网箱当作黑箱,对广东省哑铃湾一个典型鱼排网箱养殖的物质平衡进行了观测和计算,建立了网箱养殖N、P物质平衡方程.结果表明,网箱养殖N、P物质的利用率比基塘、虾池等封闭系统要低得多,而且网箱养殖N、P的输入主要是投饵造成的,而输入的N、P物质,在水环境中发生一系列的迁移、转化,除了10%左右被利用收获外,其余的大部分被水动力带走,污染临近水域,还有一部分则沉积在底泥中,形成内源污染.     

Highly efficient and selective removal of phosphate from wastewater of sea cucumber aquaculture for microalgae culture using a new adsorption-membrane separation-coordinated strategy

● A new adsorption-membrane separation strategy is used for phosphate removal. ● PVC/Zr-BT shows a selective adsorption ability to low-concentration phosphate. ● Low concentration of P below 0.05 mg/L was achieved in actual wastewater treatment. ● Algal biomass production served as a demonstration of phosphorus recycling. Enhanced phosphorus treatment and recovery has been continuously pursued due to the stringent wastewater discharge regulations and a phosphate supply shortage. Here, a new adsorption-membrane separation strategy was developed for rational reutilization of phosphate from sea cucumber aquaculture wastewater using a Zr-modified-bentonite filled polyvinyl chloride membrane. The as-obtained polyvinyl chloride/Zr-modified-bentonite membrane was highly permeability (940 L/(m²·h)), 1–2 times higher than those reported in other studies, and its adsorption capacity was high (20.6 mg/g) when the phosphate concentration in water was low (5 mg/L). It remained stable under various conditions, such as different pH, initial phosphate concentrations, and the presence of different ions after 24 h of adsorption in a cross-flow filtration system. The total phosphorus and phosphate removal rate reached 91.5% and 95.9%, respectively, after the membrane was used to treat sea cucumber aquaculture wastewater for 24 h and no other water quality parameters had been changed. After the purification process, the utilization of the membrane as a new source of phosphorus in the phosphorus-free f/2 medium experiments indicated the high cultivability of economic microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum FACHB-863 and 1.2 times more chlorophyll a was present than in f/2 medium. The biomass and lipid content of the microalgae in the two different media were similar. The innovative polyvinyl chloride/Zr-modified-bentonite membrane used for phosphorus removal and recovery is an important instrument to establish the groundwork for both the treatment of low concentration phosphate from wastewater as well as the reuse of enriched phosphorus in required fields.     

儿童在道路行驶中的安全与防护——加拿大新的儿童汽车座椅法规与测试方法

本文主要介绍加拿大新的《机动车辆约束系统和加高座椅安全法规》（SOR/2011-16）的相关内容,同时对儿童汽车座椅的研究与测试方法也进行了详细描述,以对我国相关行业提供借鉴。