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21.
Yu Gang Zhang Qing Huang Jun Cai Zhenxiao Sui Qian 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):13-17
As a party of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, China must submit its national implementation plan
(NIP) for this convention. The strategy and action plan for reducing the release of dioxins in China are the most important
components of the NIP. Three problems are key points for developing such strategy and action plan—what are the key sources
for applying the best available technology/best environmental practice (BAT/BEP) to reduce the release of dioxins? How about
the capacity for reducing the dioxins release from the key sources? Where are the areas of priority for applying BAT/BEP?
This paper shows the efforts towards the solution of these problems. The list of key sources covering about half of the total
dioxins release was determined considering four criteria. The capacity of key sources were estimated based on the difference
between the emission factor corresponding to the actual situation in 2004 and that corresponding to the scenario that all
key sources have been applied BAT/BEP to reduce the dioxins release. The priority analysis using the geographical information
system (GIS) tool has revealed that castern provinces should be of high priority in the future reduction activities of dioxins
release in China. 相似文献
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采用模糊综合评价法与层次分析法(AHP)相结合,建立以环境、经济和技术为一级指标的3层综合评价指标体系,对初步筛选出的双布袋活性炭吸附技术、硫及硫化合物抑制技术和硫及硫化合物抑制技术+活性炭固定床反应器技术等10项垃圾焚烧烟气中二(口恶)英控制技术或技术组合进行了综合评估.结果表明,硫及硫化合物抑制技术+活性炭固定床反应器技术组合综合得分最高(0.4831),为目前垃圾焚烧烟气中二(口恶)英最佳控制技术.鉴于目前我国部分农村生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气中二(口恶)英排放不达标的情况,建议分布于农村的小型垃圾焚烧炉优先考虑采用此技术组合.我国各地区的垃圾焚烧企业可根据本地的经济发展水平、企业规模、炉型和工艺等实际情况,采用本文建立的指标评价体系和评估方法进行控制技术评估,筛选出适合本企业的最佳二(口恶)英控制技术,以有效控制我国垃圾焚烧二(口恶)英排放. 相似文献
24.
陈小亮 《中国ISO14000认证》2014,(3):26-30
总结分析了中美两国二噁英有关标准的特点。我国二噁英相关的标准体系有待完善,主要集中在重点行业的烟气排放标准方面。美国二噁英相关标准体系较为完善,以风险评估为重点,二噁英排放源涉及的行业划分细致。排放标准分级明显,技术导向明显。通过对比分析指出,我国应继续深化重点行业的烟气排放控制的策略。加强二噁英风险评估的基础性研究工作,以减排技术为基础,强化分级管理的思路,并针对不同排放源细化二噁英的标准。 相似文献
25.
垃圾焚烧是二噁英重要来源之一。本文对城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设施排烟和设施周边的二噁英浓度进行实测与分析,结果表明,合理控制垃圾焚烧锅炉运行工况,可以有效控制焚烧过程中二恶英生成,使其达到国家排放标准。 相似文献
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概述我国目前医疗废物焚烧处置中的主要炉型,着重介绍LFX-20型逆燃式焚烧炉焚烧处置医疗废物的实际运行工况。在1燃室、2燃室平均温度分别为869.5℃和898.7℃条件下,对医疗废物焚烧烟气进行检测。各项常规指标均低于国标限值,二恶英检测中其质量浓度实测值为15ng/m3,相应毒性当量为0.46ngTEQ/m3,同时对医疗废物焚烧后产生烟气中二恶英和灰渣的检测结果进行了分析,焚烧后底渣体积约为焚烧前医疗废物体积的1/10,重量为原来的12%~18%,飞灰热灼减率为34.6%,并给出分析结果。 相似文献
29.
Grochowalski A Lassen C Holtzer M Sadowski M Hudyma T 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2007,14(5):326-332
Background The aim of the project was to measure the actual emissions of PCDD/F, PCBs and HCB from 20 selected metallurgical installations
in Poland, in order to update the national inventory of dioxin emission from metallurgical industry for developing a strategy
for dioxins and furans emission abatement from the subject facilities (UNEP 2005).
Methods Sampling methodology used in this work was developed at the Cracow University of Technology because of the complexity of simultaneous
sampling and determining PCDFs, PCDDs, PCB and HCB. For the determination a GC-MS/MS system was used.
Results and Discussion Results from the work indicate that the highest dioxins and PCB concentrations were recorded for iron ore sintering plants
at 1.10–1.32 ng total1 TEQ/Nm3 followed by aluminium scrap melting at 0.03–0.66 ng total TEQ/Nm3. The highest HCB concentrations at 613–1491 ng/Nm3 were also recorded for iron ore sintering plants, whereas at aluminium plants the HCB concentrations were in the range of
only 10.1–22.7 ng/Nm3.
Conclusions The above investigations indicate that secondary aluminium production is the most significant dioxins source, if calculated
as emission factor values. However, iron ore sintering plants are operating at much higher production capacity, causing this
process to become the major source of dioxins, PCB and HCB pollution to the atmosphere in Poland.
Recommendations and Perspectives Based on the performed tests and the environmental reviews of selected plants several recommendations were formulated for
the reduction of generation or of emission of these pollutants from iron ore sintering plants, electric arc furnace steel
production processes, hot-blast furnace operations, secondary aluminium smelting and primary zinc production from zinc cathodes. 相似文献
30.
医疗废物焚烧处置中二恶英的过程控制安全技术 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对我国目前医疗废物焚烧处置中所存在的问题,根据二恶英生成机理和影响因素,对医疗废物焚烧处置各阶段的二恶英减排控制技术、工况参数设计、工艺设备选择等关键环节进行深入分析。结合分析结果,提出了在医疗废物焚烧前控制中,对医疗废物分类收集、分别处置进行氯源控制;讨论了医疗废物焚烧过程控制中焚烧温度、停留时间、湍流程度、过剩空气系数的最佳工艺参数;指明了医疗废物焚烧后控制中的急冷、脱酸、喷粉、除尘及灰渣处置的最优控制技术。 相似文献