漆酶对染料废水脱色的应用研究

漆酶是一种含铜的多酚氧化酶,近年来在染料废水脱色领域的应用研究取得了长足发展.染料废水具有产生量大、危害性强、难于生物降解等特点,对印染废水脱色研究发现,漆酶是处理染料废水最具潜力的生物酶.当前研究最为广泛的是真菌漆酶与细菌漆酶.真菌漆酶具有作用pH偏酸性、适宜温度范围窄、培养周期长、易纯化等特点,细菌漆酶具有作用pH与适宜温度范围较广、培养周期短、不易纯化等特点.将漆酶在载体上进行固定化,可达到便捷高效、重复使用的目的,载体材料不断优化,推动漆酶实现更广泛的实际应用.     

Preparation and characterization of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for degradation dye wastewater

In order to develop a catalyst with high activity for catalytic wet oxidation （CWO） process at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by consecutive impregnation method and the prepared parameters were optimized. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by BET, XRF, SEM and XPS technologies, and the actual wastewater was used to investigate the catalytic activity of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 in CWO process. The experimental results showed that the prepared catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity when the doping amount of Ti was 1.0 wt% （the weight ratio of Ti to carriers）, and the middle product, Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3, was calcined in 450℃ for 2 h. The CWO experiment for treating actual dye wastewater indicated that the COD, color and TOC of actual wastewater were decreased by 62.23%, 50.12% and 41.26% in 3 h, respectively, and the ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.19 to 0.30.     

絮凝—光氧化法处理染料废水的试验研究

以三氯化铁为絮凝剂，采用絮凝－光氧化二级串联法对模拟活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ染色料废水进行处理试验，取得了脱色率１００％、ＣＤＯＣＲ去除率８０％的效果。该方法具有一次性投药，投药量少，残渣少等优点。     

RHODAMINE WT DYE LOSSES IN A MOUNTAIN STREAM ENVIRONMENT1

ABSTRACT: A significant fraction of rhodamine WT dye was lost during a short term multitracer injection experiment in a mountain stream environment. The conservative anion chloride and the sorbing cation lithium were concurrently injected. In-stream rhodamine WT concentrations were as low as 45 percent of that expected, based on chloride data. Concentration data were available from shallow‘wells’dug near the stream course and from a seep of suspected return flow. Both rhodamine WT dye and lithium were nonconservative with respect to the conservative chloride, with rhodamine WT dye closely following the behavior of the sorbing lithium. Nonsorption and sorption mechanisms for rhodamine WT loss in a mountain stream were evaluated in laboratory experiments. Experiments evaluating nonsorption losses indicated minimal losses by such mechanisms. Laboratory experiments using sand and gravel size streambed sediments show an appreciable capacity for rhodamine WT sorption. The detection of tracers in the shallow wells and seep indicates interaction between the stream and the flow in the surrounding subsurface, intergravel water, system. The injected tracers had ample opportunity for intimate contact with materials shown in the laboratory experiments to be potentially sorptive. It is suggested that in the study stream system, interaction with streambed gravel was a significant mechanism for the attenuation of rhodamine WT dye (relative to chloride).     

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACUTE CRITERIA FOR CONSERVATIVE SUBSTANCES1

ABSTRACT: Acute criteria are assigned to the fish and wildlife propagation beneficial use in Oklahoma's water quality standards. Dye studies are analyzed to show that these criteria can be implemented through acute regulatory mixing zones. Acute regulatory mixing zones may be defined as areas in receiving streams where acute numerical criteria may be exceeded without causing acute toxicity. Acute regulatory mixing zones are used to obtain acute waste load allocations. If effluent loading does not exceed acute waste load allocation, acute criteria exceedance is confined to the acute regulatory mixing zone and there is no acute toxicity in the receiving stream. Waste load allocations for acute and chronic criteria are compared to determine which is appropriate to develop permit limits for the dye studies.     

厌氧水解-好氧处理蒽醌废水试验研究

采用厌氧水解—好氧和单独好氧处理两种生化方法对蒽醌染整废水进行了平行对照试验。结果表明，厌氧水解—好氧处理方法可有效地提高该废水的可生化程度。当进水CODcr浓度为400mg／L、色度为800倍时，厌氧水解—好氧处理后出水CODcr可达120—170mg／L，CODcr去除率在63％以上，色度降低至150倍，明显优于单一好氧处理的出水水质。     

絮凝-氧化-微电解-吸附处理活性染料废水

采用絮凝 氧化 微电解 混凝 吸附组合工艺处理高浓度活性染料废水并应用于实际工程 ,效果很好 ,各项指标均达到了国家排放标准     

阳离子艳红染料的光催化降解

本文研究了以沉淀法制备的TiO2为催化剂，紫外杀菌灯为光源，对阳离子艳红染料进行光催化降解的可行性，结果表明，在实验条件下，本系统对阳离子艳红染料有明显的降解效果，浓度为10mg/L的阳离子艳红染料经过30min的处理，其降解率＞88％，此外，还探讨了溶液初始pH值，催化剂的投加量，光照距离和液层高度等因素对光降解反应的影响。     

纳米二氧化钛粉体的制备及对染料脱色的研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法、水热沉淀法、水解法制备了纳米二氧化钛粉体。经XRD对三种方法制得粉体进行了表征,讨论了三种方法的优缺点。以水解法制得二氧化钛粉对六种染料进行了脱色研究,结果表明其有良好的光催化脱色性能。     

复合混凝剂的制备及活性染料的去除

以马铃薯淀粉、丙烯酰胺（AM）和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DADMAC）为原料进行接枝反应,将接枝产物（TSI）与聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）复配,制得新型复合混凝剂PAFC-TS1。优化了复合混凝剂制备的工艺条件。研究结果表明,复合混凝剂PAFC-TS1的优选制备条件为：OH^-浓度与铝铁总浓度的比（r）为0.5,铝铁总浓度与TS1的质量浓度比（R_m）为0.5 mol/g,铝铁摩尔比9∶1。在此条件下处理质量浓度为100 mg/L的活性染料废水,当混凝剂投加量为24 mL/L时,染料去除率可达97%以上。相同条件下,使用PAFC-TS1比单独使用PAFC或PAFC-PAM的染料去除率更高。