腐殖酸改性吸附剂处理染料废水的效果研究

采用腐殖酸改性阳离子吸附剂(XF-I)配合聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)对高浓度染料废水的混凝效果进行了研究,并通过zeta电位、PAM分子量对混凝机制进行了分析。结果表明:XF-I主要通过电中和吸附大幅度降低了溶解性COD,PAM主要通过架桥和网捕作用达到高效混凝效果。当废水初始pH为11,XF-I和APAM的投加量分别为10g/L和50mg/L时,废水中溶解性COD去除率达到52.4%;脱色率达到94.7%。腐殖酸改性吸附剂的应用为处理高浓度有机废水提供一种条新的途径。     

高频超声降解偶氮染料活性红MX-5B废水的研究

采用高频超声降解偶氮染料活性红MX-5B模拟废水,考察了溶液初始pH值、超声参数、曝气、Fe2+浓度以及多频效应对活性红MX-5B超声降解过程的影响,并初步探讨了活性红MX-5B的超声降解规律.结果表明,酸性条件下,高频超声能有效降解MX-5B,当pH=3.5,f=418.3kHz,P=69W时,反应180 min后,MX-5B模拟废水脱色完全.微量Fe2+与超声空化产生的H2 O2形成类Fenton体系,可强化MX-5B的脱色反应.曝气有利于MX-5B脱色,但影响不大.多频超声对MX-5B的脱色效果优于单频超声处理效果.超声降解MX-5B以自由基氧化机制为主,并遵循表观一级反应动力学.染料分子中的NN形成的共轭发色体系已完全破坏,芳香结构也大部分遭到了羟基自由基的破坏.     

铁系混凝剂对大红染料废水处理效果研究

采用Fe(NO)3.39H2O和FeSO.47H2O混凝剂处理模拟大红染料废水,通过改变各药剂投加量及废水pH值,考察其对废水COD和色度的去除效果。实验结果表明:两种混凝剂在处理大红染料废水中都表现出了较好的脱色性能,而Fe(NO3)3.9H2O的去除性能较FeSO.47H2O更为优越。Fe(NO)3.39H2O对染料废水的脱色作用十分显著,所有的脱色率都在86%以上。当投加量为0.18 g时,脱色率达最大值93.3%;当投加量为0.24 g时,COD去除率为63.6%。FeSO.47H2O对废水色度的去除效果好于COD的去除。其最佳投加量为1.5 g,此时,脱色率达82.4%;当投加量为0.9 g时,COD去除率为51.8%。Fe(NO)3.39H2O在pH为5.0~9.0之间处理效果都较好,当pH=8时,其脱色率最高,为93.4%;FeSO.47H2O在pH为6.0~8.0之间最佳,当pH=8时,脱色率最高为83.2%。     

电化学方法处理分散金黄HF-3R废水的研究

采用钛网作为阳极,钛网为阴极,对分散金黄HF-3R模拟染料废水进行了实验研究,探讨了电解时间、电解质种类及浓度、电流密度以及进水浓度对分散金黄HF-3R脱色效率的影响。结果表明:增加电流密度,提高电解质浓度,延长反应时间有利于分散金黄HF-3R色度的脱除,对于含有110 mg/L的分散金黄HF-3R溶液,电解质NaCl的质量浓度为20.0 g/L,电流密度为2.5 A/dm2,电解时间25 min,溶液的脱色率达到99%,COD去除率为98%。     

电化学氧化法和高铁混凝法处理染料废水的研究

采用电化学氧化技术和高铁混凝法研究了对三种不同染料的处理,表明二者之间的互补性很强。二者结合处理染料化工厂的还原染料、酞菁染料实际生产废水,能有效地去除染料生产废水中的色度和有机物,同时提高废水的可生化性,进一步表明两种方法在实际染料废水处理过程中具有很大的互补作用。     

弱磁场强化零价铁对水中偶氮染料脱色降解的作用初探

本文以橙黄Ⅰ、橙黄Ⅱ、橙黄Ⅳ和日落黄4种偶氮染料为目标染料,首次尝试利用外加弱磁场(~20 mT)的方法来强化零价铁脱色降解偶氮染料。结果表明加磁或不加磁时反应过程均符合一级反应动力学。在磁场的存在下,4种偶氮染料的降解速率都较不加磁场时有很大的提高,提高倍数分别为110.67、111.97、59.51和94.00。弱磁场对零价铁降解偶氮染料的促进作用可能是由于外加磁场所产生的洛伦兹力以及零价铁表面产生的感应磁场所产生的磁场梯度力促进了Fe2+的释放,加快了零价铁的腐蚀,促进零价铁释放更多电子和新生态氢,加速了—N=N—键的断裂,从而强化了染料的脱色降解。     

Decolorization of methyl orange in wastewater with in situ electrogenerated oh free radicals

A treatability study was conducted to determine the potential of white rot fungi to remediate soil from a Superfund site that had been contaminated with DDT. A tiered approach was utilized, starting with simple laboratory studies to screen the potential of white rot fungal strains to degrade DDT and culminating with a soil pan study that simulated land farming. Results from early tiers of the study indicated that Phanerochaete sordida had the best potential for remediating the soil. In the soil pan study, the fungus ultimately grew very well after second inoculation. However, the good growth did not translate to higher DDT removal compared to removal in pans that were not inoculated. ¹⁴[DDT] fate studies indicated the small amount of removal that did occur for both fungal inoculated and non‐inoculated conditions could be partially attributed to incorporation into humic material. Addition of a surfactant to the soil enhanced the removal of DDT in both inoculated and non‐inoculated soil. Consequently, under simulated land fanning conditions, this strain of fungus was not successful in remediating this soil.     

Adsorptive removal of a synthetic textile dye using cocoa pod husks

The adsorption of a synthetic textile dye (Remazol Brilliant Black Reactive) on cocoa pod husk-based activated carbon was investigated in batch process. The adsorbent prepared was characterized by gas adsorption surface analysis (Brunauer Emmett Teller, BET), scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of initial dye concentration, contact time, solution temperature, and solution pH were evaluated. Equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models, the first being the best with maximum monolayer coverage of 111?mg?g^?1. Kinetic data were fitted into pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models; the pseudo second-order model provided the best correlation. Maximum adsorption was observed at pH 7. Standard free energy, standard enthalpy, and standard entropy were also calculated. The adsorption interaction was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. Both the mean free energy of adsorption and the activation energy show that the mechanism is by physisorption.     

Biological treatment of the dye Reactive Blue 19 by cattails and anaerobic bacterial consortia

This study demonstrates the bioremediation potential of anaerobic sludge and cattail (Typha angustifolia) for the treatment of the dye Reactive Blue 19 (RB19). The anaerobic sludge and cattails used in this study were not previously exposed to dyes or other xenobiotics. Different anaerobic sludge concentrations (30%, 50%, and 70%) were used along fixed dye concentrations at pH 8.0 and 25 °C. Subsequently, 50% sludge was selected to treat RB19 at various concentrations. The discoloration of non-hydrolyzed dye was between 70% and 85% using 50% biomass. For the hydrolyzed form of RB19, the range of decoloration was 70%–90%. Dye treatment efficiencies between 50% and 75% were observed for the two forms of the dye when treated with T. angustifolia. Overall, the anaerobic biomass at pH 8.0 showed better potential than cattails to treat RB19. The observation that non-enriched anaerobic sludge can decolorize RB19 is important because it opens up the prospects of developing anaerobic treatment systems, which can easily decolorize dyes in industrial wastewaters and also possesses potential advantages over systems using defined bacterial cultures.