Ecological toxicity of reactive X-3B red dye and cadmium acting on wheat (Triticum aestivum)

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Electrochemical decolorization of dye wastewater by surface-activated boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond electrode

Complex organics contained in dye wastewater are difficult to degrade and often require electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) to treat it. Surface activation of the electrode used in such treatment is an important factor determining the success of the process. The performance of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BD-NCD) film electrode for decolorization of Acid Yellow (AY-36) azo dye with respect to the surface activation by electrochemical polarization was studied. Anodic polarization found to be more suitable as electrode pretreatment compared to cathodic one. After anodic polarization, the originally H-terminated surface of BD-NCD was changed into O-terminated, making it more hydrophilic. Due to the oxidation of surface functional groups and some portion of sp² carbon in the BD-NCD film during anodic polarization, the electrode was successfully being activated showing lower background current, wider potential window and considerably less surface activity compared to the non-polarized one. Consequently, electrooxidation (EO) capability of the anodically-polarized BD-NCD to degrade AY-36 dye was significantly enhanced, capable of nearly total decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal even after several times of re-using. The BD-NCD film electrode favored acidic condition for the dye degradation; and the presence of chloride ion in the solution was found to be more advantageous than sulfate active species.     

木质素基聚合物的制备及亚甲基蓝的吸附

以木质素磺酸钠为原料单体、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,采用反相乳液聚合法制备了木质素磺酸钠交联聚合物(SLCP),并将其用于水中有机染料的吸附。表征结果显示:SLCP基本保留了木质素磺酸钠的骨架和官能团,具有良好的热稳定性。实验结果表明:SLCP对亚甲基蓝(MB)有较好的吸附选择性,在加入量为0.5 g/L时就有较高的吸附效率;在溶液p H2~6范围内吸附量随溶液p H增大而迅速提高,溶液p H6后吸附量趋于稳定;最佳吸附温度为35℃;在SLCP加入量0.5 g/L、溶液p H 6.5、吸附温度25℃、初始MB质量浓度100.5 mg/L的条件下,吸附150 min基本可达平衡,吸附平衡时的吸附量和MB去除率分别为191.2 mg/g和95.1%;SLCP对MB的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附动力学符合Lagergren拟二级动力学方程。     

分散染料生产废水治理工艺的研究

采用微电解一生化一氧化法工艺处理分散染料生产废水，以微电解作为废水的预处理，可去除綮不水中大部分色度，使可生化性提高；生化处理可去除大部分ＣＯＤｃｒ；进一步去除色度和ＣＯＤｃｒ。实验结果表明，整个工艺ＣＯＤｃｒ增除率可达９０％，色度去除率可达９６％，取得满意较的效果。     

废旧塑料用于印染废水脱色研究

探讨了在阳离子助剂及十二烷基苯磺酸钠存在下,利用废旧塑料对阴离子染料的脱色工艺。结果表明,此脱色工艺具有脱色温度低、时间短、脱色率高、操作简单等优点。     

铁屑法脱色效率与染料结构的关系

33种水溶性染料溶液的铁屑法脱色试验结果表明,所有染料在10min内脱色率达到55%以上,其中33%的染料脱色率超过90%,61%的染料脱色率超过80%.初步探讨了染料结构与其铁屑法脱色效率之间的定性关系.结果表明,铁屑法脱色效率与染料结构之间有较密切关系,染料共轭链的长短、染料分子空间位阻的大小、是否有互变异构现象、偶氮双键中的氮原子是否与临近基团形成氢键以及取代基的电负性大小等对脱色效果有影响.     

微波强化内电解处理活性艳红染料废水

提出了一种微波强化内电解处理染料废水的新方法,结果表明:微波不仅可以再生炭铁混合物,而且可以氧化分解活性炭吸附的染料;铁屑不仅与活性炭构成内电解作用,同时还可以促进微波再生活性炭;微波作用多次后炭铁混合物对废水的去除率仍能保持色度去除率99%、COD去除率64%;同时探讨了微波作用时间、微波作用次数、铁屑粒径、炭铁比例和pH值等因素对废水去除率的影响,并初步探讨了其反应机理。     

耐盐菌群对高含盐染料模拟废水的脱色实验研究

目前生物法处理高含盐染料废水的研究鲜有报道,实验对3种不同来源的活性污泥进行耐盐驯化,耐盐程度达到25%NaC l(w/w),用驯化得到的耐盐菌对高含盐染料K-2BP模拟废水进行厌氧脱色研究,脱色率达100%,并对其脱色机理进行了初步探讨,同时,进行了耐盐菌的脱色广谱性实验,结果表明驯化耐盐菌对所选取的13种不同结构的染料均有很高的脱色效果。研究为常规生物法应用于高含盐废水的处理提供了实验基础和理论依据。     

阳离子絮凝剂P(AM-DMC)的合成及其对活性染料废水的絮凝脱色

以K2S2O8-脲为引发剂,通过自由基聚合法合成了丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵P（AM—DMC）絮凝剂,并研究了其对4种活性染料模拟废水的脱色效果,考察了P（AM—DMC）加入量、阳离子度、特性粘数、染料溶液pH等因素对脱色效果的影响。实验结果表明：最佳P（AM—DMC）加入量随染料分子中磺酸基数目的增加而增加,随絮凝剂阳离子度的增大而减少;阳离子度大于52％时,最高脱色率基本相同;特性粘数对脱色效果影响很小;在染料溶液为弱酸性及中性条件下,P（AM—DMC）的脱色效果较好。P（AM—DMC）对活性染料废水的脱色机理是,P（AM—DMC）中的-N^＋（CH3）3与染料分子中的-SO3^-结合,生成-N^＋（CH3）3SO3^-,同时也形成了分子间氢键,通过键合作用使染料分子聚集沉降。     

开放系统中4株丝状真菌的成球生长及其对染料的吸附脱色

考察了4株丝状真菌对3种高水溶性染料的吸附脱色,研究了开放体系中影响菌丝成球生长及染料吸附的几个关键因素并探讨了菌丝球多次重复接种的可行性.结果显示,4菌株对酸性艳红B的去除率接近100%;木霉对3种染料的脱色率均超过99%.开放系统中低时间研磨菌丝的高浓度接种木霉成球良好,酸性艳红B去除近100%.菌丝球的重复接种加速了染料的吸附去除,废水脱色时间从一次接种的72h减至3次接种的12h.