蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R的化学氧化脱色和矿化

研究了使用NaClO化学氧化处理活性艳蓝KN-R模拟染料废水。分别以592nm、380nm、255nm波长处的吸光值为主要指标,跟踪染料的脱色降解。考察了NaClO投加量、染料浓度、温度和13H值等主要因素对模拟废水脱色的影响。结果表明：用NaClO化学氧化处理0．1mmolL^-1的活性艳蓝KN-R模拟染料废水,当NaClO与染料的摩尔比为18,T=30℃,13H值为7时,反应30分钟,脱色率可达到100％。pH值对脱色和TOC的去除有很大影响,酸性或中性条件下,染料快速脱色,30分钟后吸光值基本恒定,反应6个小时TOC的去除仍不明显;碱性条件下,染料缓慢脱色,但反应6个小时TOC的去除率可以达到40％左右。     

黑曲霉对水溶性染料的吸附研究

用黑曲霉对6种水溶性染料废水进行吸附脱色,当染料质量浓度为100mg／L时,6种染料废水的脱色率均达到88％以上。对培养液的光谱分析表明,染料废水的脱色是由吸附引起的。考察了氮碳源种类、碳源浓度、培养基pH和染料浓度对染料废水吸附脱色效果的影响。结果表明,（NH4）2SO4和葡萄糖是较好的氮碳源,葡萄糖质量浓度为2．5～10．0g／L时,随着其质量浓度的增加,脱色率增加;当染料质量浓度为50～200mg／L时,随着其质量浓度的增加,脱色率下降;pH对脱色率有一定的影响,但pH为4～9时,脱色率均较高。对吸附了染料的菌体进行解吸,发现甲醇是较好的解吸溶剂。     

壳聚糖/膨润土复合絮凝剂处理染料废水的研究

利用壳聚糖/钠基膨润土复合絮凝剂对活性艳红X3B等11种染料模拟废水及实际印染废水进行絮凝脱色处理。考察了复合絮凝剂投加量、pH值、搅拌速率、搅拌时间等因素对模拟染料废水絮凝脱色的影响。结果表明,在染料浓度为100 mg.L-1,pH为5的条件下,复合絮凝剂投加量为1.25 g.L-1时,3种质量比的复合絮凝剂对活性艳红X3B的脱色率分别达到75%、90%和97%以上;质量比为1∶10的壳聚糖/钠基膨润土复合絮凝剂,对其它活性、还原性、分散性、水溶性等8种印染厂常用染料也具有很好的絮凝脱色作用,脱色率均可达94%以上。对印染废水处理厂进水口废水和经过A/O处理后废水的色度去除率和COD去除率分别可以达到81.05%、83.74%和53.21%、41.22%,具有一定的应用前景。     

放电极雾化介质阻挡放电低温等离子体对染料溶液的脱色研究

采用放电极雾化介质阻挡放电装置,以靛蓝二磺酸钠染料溶液为接地雾化水电极,将有玻璃介质保护的平板电极通入60 Hz交流电,在常压空气中放电形成低温等离子体,对染料溶液进行脱色试验. 结果表明:随着电压的升高和空气间隙的减小,放电电流增大;在相同处理时间内,随着电压的增大和空气间隙的减小,脱色率逐渐增大. 当空气间隙为30 mm,电压为30 kV,处理时间为18 min时,染料溶液的脱色率可达95%以上. 空气间隙和电压的不同,脱色率每提高1%的能量消耗量不同,空气间隙为30 mm时脱色率每提高1%的最低能量消耗量为34.81 J,电压为25 kV时脱色率每提高1%最低能量消耗量为49.56 J. 空气间隙为30 mm,电压为25 kV,可实现在较低的能量消耗下达到较高的脱色率.      

金属离子协同马尾藻对水中偶氮染料分子脱色的研究

本文研究了多种金属离子对海藻处理不同结构的偶氮染料分子的影响，结果表明，金属离子的种类及浓度对海藻处理偶所染料都有重要的作用，偶氮染料的分子量和结构也影响该体系的脱色效果。适当浓度的金属离子和海藻的体系比单独海藻处理偶氮染料的脱色速度快，脱色率高。同时探讨了该体系处理不同结构染料分子的脱色差异。     

RIVER DYE GAGING1

Procedures have been developed (a) to inject a tracer at a constant rate below the water surface at selected points across a stream and (b) to deal with suspended sediment. Mixing remained far from complete in relatively long channels, owing to channel and flow divergence with uncertainty where to sample downstream and which marginal sample values to include for flow calculation. These problems are encountered when mixing is largely dependent on transverse diffusion. Accurate and replicable results were obtained where dye was injected upstream and detected downstream from riffles that induced thorough turbulent mixing. Dye gaging should be practical in gorges or wherever flow is turbulent across the whole width of a channel.     

纳米铁在水污染控制中的应用研究进展

综述了纳米铁在氯代有机物的脱氯,重金属离子的还原处理,染料废水的脱色以及地下水原位修复中的应用研究现状,展望了纳米铁在水污染控制领域的应用前景.     

Activated carbon supported TiO2-photocatalysis doped with Fe ions for continuous treatment of dye wastewater in a dynamic reactor

Fe-doped TiO2 coated on activated carbon (Fe-TiO2/AC, FTA) composites were prepared by an improved sol-gel method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray di ractometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and BET surface area analysis. Obtained FTA composites were applied to the continuous treatment of dye wastewater in a dynamic reactor. The e ects of Fe ion content, catalyst content, UV-lamp power and flowrate of the continuous treatment of dye wastewater on degradation e ciency were analyzed to determine the optimum operating conditions of dye wastewater degradation. Continuous photocatalytic experiments provided interesting results that FTA had a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate compared with TiO2, Fe doped TiO2 (FT) and TiO2 coated on activated carbon (TA). In particular, when using the FTA catalyst with a Fe ion content of 0.33%, the kinetic content (k = 0.0376) of COD removal was more than the sum of both TA (0.0205) and 0.33% FT (0.0166). FTA showed a high photoactivity because of a synergistic e ect between Fe ions and AC on TiO2, which is higher than the individual e ects of AC or Fe ions on TiO2. Additionally, for the photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater, the optimum Fe ion content, catalyst content, UV-lamp power and flowrate were 0.33%, 6 g/L, 60 W (two lamps) and 300 mL/hr, respectively. An investigation of catalyst reuse revealed that the 0.33% FTA showed almost no deactivation in photocatalytic degradation of naturally treated wastewater.     

用电凝聚法处理活性黄X—R染料废水的实验研究

根据染料废水水质复杂且难于生化处理的特点,采用电凝聚技术,对活性黄X—R模拟染料废水的电凝聚处理进行研究,考察各种参数对染料脱色效果的影响,并对其机理和反应过程动力学特征进行了初步分析。研究表明：采用电凝聚方法可以使活性黄X—R模拟染料废水得到有效处理,其中COD去除率最高可以达到73．43％,色度去除率最高可达到97_3％。     

高温脱氨-吹脱法处理高浓度氨氮废水的工程实践

对于氨氮含量在1000．00mg／L-2500．00mg／L以内一般意义上的高浓度氨氮废水,采用普通的吹脱法基本可达到出水要求;对于氨氮含量在9000．00mg／L以上,CODCr浓度在25000．00mg／L～30000．00mg／L以上的高浓度染料化工废水,此法则不能达到预期效果,而采用高温脱氨-吹脱法处理,其处理出水氨氮浓度达到300．00mg／L以下,CODCr浓度达到5000．00mg／L～9000．00mg／L以下,即废水氨氮去除率在95％以上,CODCr的去除率也可达60％以上。工程实践表明,该系统具有去除效率高,操作简单方便,占地面积小,系统运行稳定的优点。