Effects of introducing energy recovery processes to the municipal solid waste management system in Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia

Currently, most developing countries have not set up municipal solid waste management systems with a view of recovering energy from waste or reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this article, we have studied the possible effects of introducing three energy recovery processes either as a single or combination approach, refuse derived fuel production,incineration and waste power generation, and methane gas recovery from landfill and power generation in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, as a case study. We concluded that incineration process is the most suitable as first introduction of energy recovery. To operate it efficiently,3Rs strategies need to be promoted. And then, RDF production which is made of waste papers and plastics in high level of sorting may be considered as the second step of energy recovery.However, safety control and marketability of RDF will be required at that moment.     

Entangled recovery: refugee encounters in community gardens

ABSTRACT

Community gardens are often considered to be therapeutic landscapes capable of supporting wellbeing and recovery particularly for members of vulnerable or disadvantaged groups such as refugees. This is regularly identified as resulting from the capacity for communal garden activities to enable realisation of self-efficacy, the formation of social connections and the assumed benefits of “being” in nature. These approaches tend to privilege anthropocentric perspectives that perpetuate conceptions of a human/nature binary. As such, existing literature has paid little attention to the role in refugee recovery of the visceral, affective force of matter encountered in the embodied act of gardening. By adopting such an approach, this paper aims to tease out the particularities of how bodies in these places engage with the ecological experiences of their new homes. Such encounters are never simply harmonious. They can reinforce dislocation while concurrently providing sites where gardeners are able to strengthen their adaptive capabilities via experimentation. To understand the utility of community gardening to support refugee recovery we argue it is necessary to not only attend to human participants and issues of design, infrastructure, and garden management, but also to the impact of particular forms of human and more-than-human entanglements that emerge in these spaces. In so doing we suggest that the notion of community and belonging in these settings should be broadened to more deeply engage with the more-than-human. To explore this, we focus on a small-scale, in-depth case study of a food-producing garden established for Burmese refugees in Canberra, Australia.     

ACF吸附改良工艺在软包装复合生产中的应用

简介了软包装印刷工业复合生产过程中产生的VOCs污染物,探讨了现有ACF咐附回收有机溶剂设备存在的技术问题;结合软包装复合生产工艺特点,提出一种闭式循环的改良工艺,以解决能量浪费问题。     

失稳硝化膜生物反应器的性能恢复研究

对高水力负荷条件下丧失硝化功能的膜生物反应器进行恢复实验,将水力停留时间(HRT)从原来的5h延长到正常条件下可以实现完全硝化的10h后,在进水NH4+-N浓度为500mg.L-1的条件下反应器可去除99%的NH4+-N,但NO2--N出现严重积累,在60d的实验过程中NO2--N平均出水浓度为425mg.L-1.荧光原位杂交分析结果表明,氨氧化菌(AOBs)在总菌中的比例与恢复实验前没有变化,分别为12.9%(恢复实验期)和9.75%(恢复实验前),但氨氧化杆菌(Nitrosomonas)在AOBs中的比例从80%降低到40%;亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOBs)在总菌中的比例下降一半(从5.64%下降至2.84%),并以慢生型的Nitrospira为主.高NO2-含量和高胞外物浓度(497.1mg.L-1)可能是导致亚硝酸盐氧化功能难以恢复的主要原因.     

废旧锂电池电极活性材料真空热解固氟研究

以废旧锂离子电池电极活性材料为研究对象,在真空热解过程中加入CaO作为固氟剂,用以吸收电极活性材料在真空热解的回收工艺中产生的氟磷化合物,能有效减轻二次污染。研究了温度、CaO添加量、停留时间等热解条件对真空热解固氟效果的影响。结果表明固氟效果随温度的增加而增加,在温度500℃以上变化不大,并略有下降;CaO添加量对固氟效果有促进作用,30%可达到很高的固氟效果;30 min的停留时间对于含氟化合物的分解已经足够。得到CaO固氟工序的最佳操作参数:CaO添加量30%左右,温度500~600℃,停留时间30 min。     

正渗透汲取液类型及分离回收工艺研究进展

正渗透作为一种新兴的水回用和脱盐技术,能够缓解清洁水源和能源短缺现状。汲取液是限制正渗透技术发展的关键因素之一,高效的汲取液不仅能提供较大的驱动力促进正渗透过程的进行,还能使处理成本大大降低。因此需对汲取液的发展历程、现状和趋势有较全面的认识。介绍了利用正渗透产生清洁水、汲取液分离再生的相关研究,在对正渗透及汲取液简单概述后,综述了已存在的正渗透汲取液的优缺点、类型、效率和分离回收工艺。最后,提出了正渗透汲取液的发展方向和建议,以便设计研究出更适合正渗透过程的汲取液。     

浅谈气相防锈技术

简单地介绍了目前在金属防锈领域广泛应用的气相防锈技术的防锈机理和该技术的优点,重点介绍了当前所使用的气相防锈剂种类和气相防锈材料的现状,并对气相防锈塑料薄膜的优点和制作方法以及其发展趋势进行了分析,指出了国内气相防锈技术的差距和其良好的发展前景.     

雪硅钙石诱导结晶法同步去除与回收污水中磷的研究

通过水热法合成雪硅钙石晶体,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱对晶体进行表征;以模拟厌氧消化液为处理对象,分析合成雪硅钙石作为晶种诱导磷酸钙结晶法去除污水中磷的效率,并对该晶种减轻反应过程中CO₃ ²⁻影响的作用进行研究。结果表明,合成的雪硅钙石纯度较高,且具有较强的pH和钙离子析出能力,在超纯水和自来水中分别投加2 g/L晶种后,溶液pH最终达到11.7和9.1,Ca²⁺浓度达到43和30 mg/L;体系中含有CO₃ ²⁻时,合成雪硅钙石诱导磷酸钙结晶反应符合晶体生长界面控制模型,且结晶反应仍符合二级方程（n=2）;CO₃ ²⁻的存在会抑制磷酸钙结晶反应过程中的除磷效率;但投加合成雪硅钙石晶种后,CO₃ ²⁻的抑制作用减轻,磷酸钙结晶反应效率和速率大幅提高,在试验设定CO₃ ²⁻浓度最大条件下,磷的去除率由4.6%大幅升至76.7%,速率常数（k）由0.76 L/(mol·min)提高至67.74 L/(mol·min);合成雪硅钙石重复利用4次之后,对磷的去除效果仍然高于未投加合成雪硅钙石时磷的去除效果,表现出良好的可重复利用性。     

废旧塑料综合利用技术的应用

废旧塑料的回收利用是环境污染控制所面临的一个重要课题,近年来,人们在这方面进行了大量的研究工作,取得了很多成果.详细叙述了国内外废旧塑料回收处理的方法,分析了我国在废旧塑料回收利用方面的现状及存在的问题,并对如何进一步开展废旧塑料回收利用工作提出了一系列切实可行的建议.     

以鸟粪石的形式在污水处理厂回收磷的研究

磷既是一种不可再生的资源,也是造成水体富营养化的重要因素。近年来,随着磷资源的匮乏,从污水处理厂回收磷在世界各国逐渐兴起,而我国在这方面的研究还基本处于起始阶段。为此,在某污水处理厂进行了以鸟粪石形式回收磷的小试实验,考察了磷回收的一些控制参数,并将以此作为基础,继续深入研究。