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排序方式: 共有1905条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
861.
862.
生物强化除磷机理的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对生物强化除磷(EBPR)的机理进行了探讨。首先介绍了聚磷菌胞内贮存物(聚磷、PHAs和糖原)的性质和功能,然后对这些贮存物在厌氧和好氧(缺氧)情况下的反应加以分析。旨在从能量转化的角度对EBPR过程加以阐述,加深对生物除磷机理的认识。 相似文献
863.
Minhalma M Magueijo V Queiroz DP de Pinho MN 《Journal of environmental management》2007,82(2):200-206
Second cheese whey (SCW) is a by-product of cheese and curd cheese production that is usually not recovered and therefore substantially contributes to the negative environmental impact of the cheese manufacture plants. Membrane technology, namely nanofiltration (NF), is used in this work for the recovery of SCW organic nutrients, resulting from "Serpa" cheese and curd production. The SCW is processed by NF to recover a rich lactose fraction in the concentrate and a process water with a high salt content in the permeate. The permeation experiments were carried out in a plate & frame NF unit, where two NF membranes (NFT50 and HR-95-PP) were characterized and tested. The NF permeation experiments were performed accordingly with two different operation modes: total recirculation and concentration. In order to select the best membrane and operating pressure for the SCW fractionation, total recirculation experiments were carried out. The NF modeling was also performed, in terms of permeate fluxes and rejection coefficients using the resistances-in-series model and the solution-diffusion model, respectively. After the membrane selection, the concentration experiments showed that the selected membrane (NFT50) at 3.0MPa allows a water recovery of approximately 80%, concentrating the SCW nutrients approximately 5 times. Therefore, the NF operation can successfully reduce the wastewater organic load and simultaneously contributes to the valorization of the cheese and curd cheese manufacture by-products. 相似文献
864.
865.
黑液蒸发器液室结垢的原因及改进措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
造纸黑液治理技术中,蒸发器结垢是黑液蒸发中普遍存在而难以解决的问题之一。在此通过对板式降膜蒸发器液室结垢原因的分析与探讨,多角度,多侧面提出预防及改进措施,达到提高蒸发效率的目的。 相似文献
866.
867.
以天然可生物降解的壳聚糖和硬脂酸为原料,通过壳聚糖2位氨基与硬脂酸的羧基相互作用,引入疏水烷基链,制备了疏水的壳聚糖-硬脂酸复合吸附剂(简称复合吸附剂),采用傅立叶红外光谱、X射线衍射对复合吸附剂的结构进行表征,并考察了复合吸附剂对油的回收性能.实验结果表明:壳聚糖和硬脂酸以离子形式结合得到复合吸附剂;当硬脂酸与壳聚糖质量比为0.7时,硬脂酸的结合量最大;复合吸附剂对油的吸附量、保油率、脱附率的顺序分别为花生油(14.93 g/g)>甲基硅油(10.71 g/g)>液体石蜡(9.37 g/g),花生油(94.51%)>液体石蜡(90.74%)>甲基硅油(78.69%),花生油(95.62%)>液体石蜡(93.27%)>甲基硅油(90.73%). 相似文献
868.
张静 《辽宁城乡环境科技》1997,17(6):15-17
用硫化钠从废定影液中以硫化银的形式回收银,高温灼烧硫化银得纯银,再制备成硝酸银。硝酸银纯度达99.5%,银回收率为93%。 相似文献
869.
870.
Integrating the Metapopulation and Habitat Paradigms for Understanding Broad-Scale Declines of Species 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
DOUG P. ARMSTRONG 《Conservation biology》2005,19(5):1402-1410
Abstract: Caughley (1994) argued that researchers working on threatened populations tended to follow the "small population paradigm" or the "declining population paradigm," and that greater integration of these paradigms was needed. Here I suggest that two related paradigms exist at the broader spatial scale, namely the metapopulation paradigm and habitat paradigm, and that these two paradigms also need to be integrated if we are to provide sound management advice. This integration is not trivial, and I outline five problems that need to be addressed: (1) habitat variables may not measure habitat quality, so site-specific data on vital rates are needed to resolve the effects of habitat quality and metapopulation dynamics; (2) measurements of vital rates may be confounded by movements; (3) vital rates may be density dependent; (4) vital rates may be affected by genotype; and (5) vital rates cannot be measured in unoccupied patches. I reviewed papers published in Conservation Biology from 1994 to 2003 and found 41 studies that analyzed data from 10 or more sites to understand the factors limiting species' distributions. Five of the analyses presented were purely within the metapopulation paradigm, 14 were purely within the habitat paradigm, 17 involved elements of both paradigms, and 7 were theoretically ambiguous (2 papers presented 2 distinct analyses and were counted twice). This suggests that many researchers appreciate the need to integrate the paradigms. Only one study, however, used data on vital rates to resolve the effects of habitat quality and metapopulation dynamics (problem 1), and this study did not address problems 2–5. I conclude that more intensive research incorporating site-specific data on vital rates and movement is needed to complement the numerous analyses of distributional data being produced. 相似文献