燃气与燃煤电厂主要污染物排放估算分析

SO2、NOx和CO2是燃气和燃煤电厂排放的主要大气污染物,以三种污染物排放估算方法为基础,比较了几种机组容量下,燃气机组和燃煤机组污染物的排放量。结果表明:燃气电厂因其在环境保护方面的显著优越性,是解决电站环境污染的重要出路。     

Estimate of zearalenone exposure through the intake of white and brown rice in the Korean population

Rice samples (n = 482) harvested for 2010–2012 in South Korea were analyzed for zearalenone content by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. The exposure of the Korean populations was assessed by a deterministic approach. Because the proportion of non-detectable results was >80% in white rice but less than <60% in brown rice, the zearalenone levels for white rice were reported as 0.52 µg kg^?1 as lower bound and 2.54 µg kg^?1 as upper bound, while for brown rice the middle bound value was 13.9 µg kg^?1. The average dietary intake of zearalenone from white and brown rice by the Korean population was estimated to be 1.5 ng kg^?1 body weight (bw) day^?1 each. For heavy consumers, the average intakes were 18.5 and 10.1 ng kg^?1 bw day^?1, respectively. The age groups with the highest zearalenone intake were 1–2-year-old children for white rice and 3–6-year-old children for brown rice. Overall, the dietary exposure of the Korean population to zearalenone from white and brown rice was found to be lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake of 0.5 μg kg^?1 bw day^?1.     

Enhancing e-waste estimates: Improving data quality by multivariate Input–Output Analysis

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (or e-waste) is one of the fastest growing waste streams, which encompasses a wide and increasing spectrum of products. Accurate estimation of e-waste generation is difficult, mainly due to lack of high quality data referred to market and socio-economic dynamics. This paper addresses how to enhance e-waste estimates by providing techniques to increase data quality. An advanced, flexible and multivariate Input–Output Analysis (IOA) method is proposed. It links all three pillars in IOA (product sales, stock and lifespan profiles) to construct mathematical relationships between various data points. By applying this method, the data consolidation steps can generate more accurate time-series datasets from available data pool. This can consequently increase the reliability of e-waste estimates compared to the approach without data processing. A case study in the Netherlands is used to apply the advanced IOA model. As a result, for the first time ever, complete datasets of all three variables for estimating all types of e-waste have been obtained. The result of this study also demonstrates significant disparity between various estimation models, arising from the use of data under different conditions. It shows the importance of applying multivariate approach and multiple sources to improve data quality for modelling, specifically using appropriate time-varying lifespan parameters. Following the case study, a roadmap with a procedural guideline is provided to enhance e-waste estimation studies.     

广西郁江贝丘遗址群与稀遇洪水

水文方法估算稀遇洪水受到资料短缺的限制，用考古方法——贝丘遗址与稀遇洪水相关方法可以为稀遇洪水的估算提供辅证。郁江河段贝丘遗址群考古有一定的研究基础。研究表明，贝丘遗址的高程可作为稀遇洪水位的参考上限，对此，还通过地貌方法进行了检验。     

土地级别的不确定性

根据Rough集理论，提出了土地级别不确定性模型和精度测度模型，用精度测度表示确定性分类精度和不确定性分类精度，以及分析了土地定级中级别划分的不确定性和不同级别分类质量的变化规律。     

1991～2000年中国森林火灾直接释放碳量估算

目前的研究表明生物圈的燃烧产物对大气有短期和长期的影响,植被燃烧会直接排放对环境有显著影响的气体,包括CO2和CH4等影响全球变化的温室气体,燃烧产生的固体颗粒物也会引起空气污染和影响天气。该文根据1991－2000的森林火灾统计数据和生物量研究结果,计算出我国森林火灾年均消耗森林地上生物量5Tg-7Tg,直接排放碳20.24Tg-28.56Tg,释放CO2和CH4分别为74.2Tg-104.7Tg和1.797Tg-2.536Tg,排放烟雾颗粒物0.999Tg-1.410Tg。1991－2000年森林火灾每年平均排放CO2量占我国总排放量（按2000年计算）的2.7-3.9%,CH4排放量占总排放量的3.3-4.7%。     

内秦淮河水环境整治方案探讨

通过对内秦淮河水质及排污现状的调查与分析，指出了内秦淮河目前存在的主要水环境问题。在明确内秦淮河各阶段整治目标的前提下，提出了切实可行的各阶段工程整治方案及投资估算。     

机动车尾气排放评价模型研究综述

综述了宏观、中观和微观范畴内的机动车尾气排放评价方法、作用及其应用；介绍了普遍应用的尾气模型的算法原理、特点；探讨了传统尾气模型的缺陷以及国外尾气模型研究的最新发展方向；提出了改进中国尾气评价系统的几点建议。     

长江,嘉陵江重庆城区段水污染控制方案费用估算

提出了城市污水一、二级处理厂基建费用指标，城市污水转移输送管道建设费用指标，城市污水泵站建立费用指标，城市污水排江管道费用指标等，并对长江喜陵江重庆城区段水污染控制规划提出了８个方案进行了费用估算。     

应用NOAA／AVHRR遥感资料对大面积草场进行产草量定量估算的方法研究

本文选择我国北方典型草原区──内蒙古锡林郭勒草原为试验区，开展了利用ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ资料进行大面积草地产草量遥感定量估算方法的研究，从估产原理、植被指数选取、景观生态分区等方面，探讨了ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ资料应用于大面积估产和动态监测的可行性和具体途径，为提高估产精度，尝试了大气纠正、几何纠正、多时相数据最大值化处理等新的数据预处理方法，并结合了ＧＩＳ技术，结果表明，适宜的景观生态分区及必要的数据预处理是提高估产精度的基础。