两性高分子螯合絮凝剂和氯化钙对羟基亚乙基二膦酸预镀铜废水的去除性能

以羟基亚乙基二膦酸(HEDP)预镀铜废水为处理对象,考察两性高分子螯合絮凝剂(ACPF)和CaCl2对其处理效果.结果表明,单独使用ACPF或CaCl2,用量大,残余Cu2+和COD浓度均不能达到电镀污染物排放标准(GB21900—2008);将ACPF和CaCl2配合使用,Ca2+可与HEDP螯合生成HEDP—Ca沉淀,促进ACPF与Cu2+螯合;且Ca2+还可与废水中的酒石酸根离子形成溶解度很小的结晶,促进絮体的形成和沉降.因此,处理药剂的用量明显降低,Cu2+和COD残余浓度均能达标.适宜的处理条件为:弱碱或碱性条件下,ACPF投加量为3.0 g.L-1,CaCl2投加量为2.0 g.L-1,Cu2+和COD的去除率分别达99.74%和97.5%,残余浓度分别为0.335和25.27 mg.L-1.     

聚合磷硫酸铁粉体的制备

以硫酸法生产钛白粉的副产品——七水硫酸亚铁为原料,采用复合氧化剂合成聚合磷硫酸铁粉体,探讨了合成聚合磷硫酸铁的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,使用复合氧化剂,并用焦磷酸钠代替磷酸钠,既缩短反应时间,又减少了氧化剂用量,产品的碱化度较高。     

Stress and team performance: principles and challenges for intelligent decision aids

Advances in computer technology and artificial intelligence are providing powerful capabilities for developing intelligent decision aids (IDAs) to support operating teams in managing complex systems. Early system designs, which acted as independent computer advisors, constrained human decision making, were brittle and encountered problems of user acceptance. As a result, there has been a shift towards making IDAs more cooperative in assisting users to make decisions under stress. Although there is a growing body of research on how to design IDAs as collaborate team players, this article provides additional insights by focusing on the competencies manifested by efficient teams in adapting to stress. To this extent, a survey of how teams adapt their decision-making strategies, cooperation patterns and team structure has provided a good basis for proposing design principles for collaborative IDAs. The article concludes with some challenges for further developments in information technology and research needs in the area of teamwork under stress.     

Preparation and characterization of organic polymer modified composite polyaluminum chloride

Compared with traditional aluminum salts, polyaluminum chloride （PACI） has better coagulation-flocculation performance in turbidity removal. However, it is still inferior to organic polymers in terms of bridging function. In order to improve the aggregating property of PACl, different composite PACl flocculants were prepared with various organic polymers. The effect of organic polymer on the distribution or Al（Ⅲ） species in composite flocculants was studied using ^27TAl NMR and Al-ferron complexation methods. The charge neutralization and surface adsorption characteristics of composite flocculants were also investigated. Jar tests were conducted to evaluate the turbidity removal efficacy of organic polymer modified composite flocculants. The study shows that cationic polymer and anionic polymer have significant influences on the coagulation-flocculation behaviors of PACl. Both cationic and anionic polymers can improve the turbidity removal performancc of PACl but the mechanisms arc much different： cationic organic polymer mainly increases the charge neutralization ability, but anionic polymer mainly enhances the bridging function.     

Galactomyces sp.产生的生物絮凝剂絮凝活性研究

本文研究了活性污泥中分离出的絮凝剂产生菌Galactomycessp.M-2的絮凝活性。通过研究M-2在不同培养时间的生长情况、培养液中pH值变化情况及絮凝活性等,从而得出絮凝活性与菌生长量相关。利用离心技术分析了微生物絮凝剂的活性分布,发现起主要絮凝作用的物质为胞外物质,且主要由多糖构成。该菌产生的粗制生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浊液具有较高的絮凝活性。     

污泥循环再利用技术在油田废水处理中的应用

通过对中原油田含油污泥的再利用进行实验研究,得到结果:污泥的平均固含量为75.18%,含水量为24.82%,污泥含油量5.4%;污泥中碳酸钙含量62.15%,碳酸镁含量15.295%,氯化钠含量2.696%;在废液与污泥的掺入比例小于1:4的条件下,废液得到有效净化。污泥循环再利用技术的实施,降低了污泥产生量。     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌KJ-10的絮凝性能及絮凝成分分析

从炼厂含油污泥中分离筛选出一株高效微生物絮凝剂产生菌KJ-10,初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌.为进一步探讨该菌株的絮凝性能和絮凝成分,实验考察了该菌株对高岭土悬液和含油废水的处理效果,研究了所产絮凝剂的热稳定性,并通过紫外光谱、红外光谱、GC-MS技术及多糖含量测定等途径对其絮凝成分进行了深入分析.结果表明,该菌株对高岭土悬液的...     

新型环保型自来水絮凝剂的研制及应用

根据“有机-无机”絮凝剂相复合协同增效的原则,研制出一种高效的复合环保型自来水絮凝剂,使其处理效果与传统絮凝剂比较,浊度下降0．65％,药剂成本下降9．29％,出水铝离子浓度比传统下降77．3％,无论从产品的性价比还是从环境友好等方面均明显优于传统的自来水絮凝剂,具有明显的经济与环境效益。     

剩余污泥中微生物絮凝剂的提取方法比较

分别采用低浓度和高浓度剩余污泥对剩余污泥中微生物絮凝剂(MBF)的多种提取方法(超声法、树脂法、超声-树脂法、树脂-超声法、超声-树脂-超声法和树脂-超声-树脂法等)进行了比较研究.结果表明,各种复合形式的提取效果均优于超声法或树脂法单独使用的提取效果.在各种复合形式中,以树脂-超声法所提取MBF的含量最高且絮凝效果最好.此外,所提取的MBF浓度与污泥浓度正相关.从剩余污泥中直接提取MBF,在降低MBF生产成本的同时实现了污泥的资源化利用.     

铝灰酸溶法制备聚合氯化铝

以铝灰为原料采用酸溶法制备了聚合氯化铝（PAC）,并通过正交实验优化了PAC制备的最佳工艺参数,并考察了自制PAC对废水COD的去除效果。制备PAC的最佳工艺条件为：m（铝灰）∶V（HCl）∶V（H₂O）=10∶20∶40,反应温度85℃,反应时间2.5h,搅拌转速80r/min,熟化时间30h,熟化温度60℃。采用生石灰可高效、经济地调节产品的盐基度,且产品在处理印染废水时COD去除率达64.7%,高于市售同类产品。