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91.
电解法处理活性染料废水的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
某化工厂活性染料生产废水高CODCr值、高浓度、高色度、高盐分、成分复杂、有毒有害物质多、可生化性差。实验确定了废水经AS剂絮凝和电解预处理的研究方案。主要考察了电极极板材料、电解pH值、电解电压大小、电解时间和电极极板间距对CODCr去除效果的影响 ,从而确定了最佳电解条件 :采用石墨板电极 ,pH =3,电解电压 6 5V ,电解时间 5 0min ,电极极板间距 5cm。最佳条件下经放大实验 ,发现CODCr去除率高达 70 %以上。  相似文献   
92.
絮凝剂PAN-DCD的结构和性质研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和双腈双胺(DCD)为原料,合成了有机絮凝剂PAN-DCD。用IR、1HNMR和13CNMR等方法对其结构进行了表征,探讨了PAN-DCD溶解度随pH值变化的规律,研究了PAN-DCD对活性染料的絮凝脱色和去除CODCr的性能。结果表明,PAN-DCD是侧链带有多种极性基团的聚合物;在酸性条件下溶解度较小,碱性条件下溶解度较大;在加入量较少的情况下使活性染料的脱色率接近100%,并对CODCr的去除有较大贡献。  相似文献   
93.
采用化学生物絮凝和悬浮填料移动床组合工艺处理城市污水。通过改变化学生物絮凝工艺中投加的混凝剂种类和投加量、改变悬浮填料移动床工艺中水力停留时间和气水比取得不同工况条件下各类污染指标的去除效果。采用该组合工艺,当进水COD(89~319)mg/L,TP(1.24~4.26)mg/L,SS(44~240)mg/L,NH4 -N(14.7~36.3)mg/L时,出水可达到COD<50mg/L,TP<0.5mg/L,SS<20mg/L,NH4 -N<5mg/L。  相似文献   
94.
Fenton试剂催化氧化--混凝法处理焦化废水的实验研究   总被引:27,自引:3,他引:24  
用Fenton试剂结合自制聚硅硫酸铝对焦化废水进行了催化氧化—混凝试验研究 ,选择了最佳的工作条件。结果表明 ,经氧化—混凝处理后废水的COD从 1 1 73mg/L降至 38.2mg/L ,去除率达 96 .7%。研究中还发现 ,Fenton试剂具有将废水的 pH值调节为 2 .5~ 3的特性 ,为该工艺实际处理焦化废水提供了科学依据  相似文献   
95.
● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.  相似文献   
96.
Flocculation is an essential phenomenon in industrial wastewater treatment. Inorganic coagulants (salts of multivalent metals) are being commonly used due to its low cost and ease of use. However, their application is constrained with low flocculating efficiency and the presence of residue metal concentration in the treated water. Organic polymeric flocculants are widely used nowadays due to its remarkable ability to flocculate efficiently with low dosage. However, its application is associated with lack of biodegradability and dispersion of monomers residue in water that may represent a health hazard. Therefore, biopolymers based flocculants have been attracting wide interest of researchers because they have the advantages of biodegradability and environmental friendly. But, natural flocculants are needed in large dosage due to its moderate flocculating efficiency and shorter shelf life. Thus, in order to combine the best properties of both, synthetic polymers are grafted onto the backbone of natural polymers to obtain tailor-made grafted flocculants. This paper gives an overview of the development of different types of flocculants that were being investigated for treatment of industrial wastewater. Furthermore, their flocculation performance will be reviewed and the flocculation mechanism will be discussed.  相似文献   
97.
针对花岗石加工废水的特点,选用无机高分子絮凝剂(聚合氯化铝)与有机高分子絮凝剂(聚丙烯酰胺)进行复配试验,研究絮凝剂对花岗石加工废水的降浊效果。首先通过设计影响絮凝的单因子试验与正交试验,获得影响絮凝效果的主次因子顺序(絮凝剂配比>絮凝剂用量>搅拌转速>溶液pH值)与最佳絮凝工艺条件;然后依此对花岗石加工废水进行絮凝处理,使其达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准;最后给出采用该技术的吨水投资成本与运行成本。该处理技术具有出水水质好,操作简单,成本低廉等特点。  相似文献   
98.
Since the living microorganisms in activated sludge continuously change, it is difficult to conduct controlled experiments and achieve reproducible results for evaluating sludge characteristics. Synthetic sludge, as a chemical surrogate to activated sludge, could be used to investigate the sludge physicochemical properties, and it is desirable to prepare synthetic sludge with similar structure and properties to real activated sludge to explore the flocculation and settlement processes in activated sludge systems. In this work, a high-strength synthetic sludge was prepared with functional polystyrene latex particles as the framework and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to modify its surface. The flocculation and settling characteristics of the microspheres and the prepared synthetic sludge were tested. Compared with other three functional polystyrene latex microspheres, the synthetic sludge prepared with EPS-modified polystyrene latex microspheres showed good settling characteristics and a significantly higher strength. They could be used for studying the physicochemical properties of activated sludge.  相似文献   
99.
亚微涡旋的混凝作用研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
以粒子图像速度场仪(PIV)测得了Taylor-Couette反应器旋转内筒和固定外筒间的环隙流场图像.所得图像表明环隙间存在亚微尺度的涡旋.同时实验研究了在Taylor-Couette反应器环隙间不同涡旋形态下聚合氯化铝(PAC)对高岭土悬浊液的混凝效能.结果表明,在波涡流(WVF)形态范围内混凝效能达到了最大(50%以上),这可归因于涡的闭合特性及其随时间的膨胀和收缩.但在波涡流形态范围以外得到的混凝效能相对较低,可归因于相互连通的非闭合涡特性.  相似文献   
100.
壳聚糖季铵盐絮凝剂处理丁苯橡胶废水的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
常青  韦俊 《中国环境科学》2012,32(2):232-237
以壳聚糖(CTS)为母体,3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为改性剂,合成了壳聚糖季铵盐阳离子型高分子絮凝剂2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HTCC),以其对高岭土悬浊液的浊度去除率为指标优化合成条件,以HTCC分别与PAC及PAM复配,絮凝处理丁苯橡胶废水.结果表明,最佳合成条件为:质量比MCTS: MCTA: MNaOH =1:2:1.2、反应温度60℃、反应时间3h,在此条件下合成的HTCC对高岭土悬浊液的浊度去除率达96.46%;HTCC+PAC复配在pH6.0~8.0对丁苯橡胶废水的絮凝效果较好,出水余浊<2NTU,色度去除率达92.98%,COD去除率达32.0%;HTCC+PAM复配在pH5.0~8.9对丁苯橡胶废水的絮凝效果最好,余浊<3NTU,COD去除率46.0 %,且投药量小, pH适宜范围宽,优势比较明显.以HTCC与PAC、PAM分别复配处理丁苯橡胶废水可减轻后续生化处理的负荷,降低PAC、PAM的投加量,从而减小出水中残余铝和残余丙烯酰胺单体的含量.  相似文献   
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