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21.
从燃烧的煤和油中排放出来的极性污染物,包含有多种含氮、氧和硫的极性多环芳烃(PAH),这些极性组分比非极性组分常具有更强的致癌和致突变性。目前,正相高效液相色谱(NP-HPLC)常被用来分离分析这类极性组分。 但是,要提高这些极性组分分离的选择性,现大多采用梯度洗脱的方法。也就是改变流动相极性的方法。本文介绍了一种高压电场耦合色谱柱的新方法。这种技术除了具 相似文献
22.
膜生物反应器在污水处理中的应用前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了膜及膜分离技术。膜生物反应器(MBR)的原理。综述了膜生物反应器在污染处理领域应用开发情况;指出了膜生物反应器在发展中存在的主要问题;展望了膜生物反应器技术的发展前景。 相似文献
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采用絮凝法对味精发酵生产过程中发酵液中的菌体进行研究,得到无机凝聚剂与高分子絮凝剂复合配比使用是发酵液去除菌体的有效办法。对复合用药除菌后的谷氨酸发酵液和原谷氨酸发酵液进行谷氨酸回收的比较,谷氨酸的回收率提高了8.8%。 相似文献
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本文报道了利用造纸黑液回收电镀废液中铬的方法,阐明了造纸黑液中所含有还原性物质与Cr^6+的反应机理;讨论了进行反应的最佳条件以及采用这一方法对废液的治理效果。 相似文献
29.
喷射溶气回流浮选工艺处理含油废水 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
采用喷射溶气回流浮选工艺处理含油废水,替代原来的全加压溶气浮选工艺,提高了浮选过程的处理效果,增强了系统的抗负荷冲击能力,浮选出水油含量由原来的〈40mg/L降至〈20mg/L,COD由原来的〈150mg/L降至〈110mg/L。 相似文献
30.
Toyohisa Fujita Hiroyuki Ono Gjergj Dodbiba Kunihiko Yamaguchi 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(7):1264-1273
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) from discarded personal computer (PC) and hard disk drive were crushed by explosion in water or mechanical comminution in order to disintegrate the attached parts. More parts were stripped from PCB of PC, composed of epoxy resin; than from PCB of household appliance, composed of phenol resin.In an attempt to raise the copper grade of PCB by removing other components, a carbonization treatment was investigated. The crushed PCB without surface-mounted parts was carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere at 873–1073 K. After screening, the char was classified by size into oversized pieces, undersized pieces and powder. The copper foil and glass fiber pieces were liberated and collected in undersized fraction. The copper foil was liberated easily from glass fiber by stamping treatment.As one of the mounted parts, the multi-layered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), which contain nickel, were carbonized at 873 K. The magnetic separation is carried out at a lower magnetic field strength of 0.1 T and then at 0.8 T. In the +0.5 mm size fraction the nickel grade in magnetic product was increased from 0.16% to 6.7% and the nickel recovery is 74%.The other useful mounted parts are tantalum capacitors. The tantalum capacitors were collected from mounted parts. The tantalum-sintered bodies were separated from molded resins by heat treatment at 723–773 K in air atmosphere and screening of 0.5 mm. Silica was removed and 70% of tantalum grade was obtained after more than 823 K heating and separation.Next, the evaluation of Cu recycling in PCB is estimated. Energy consumption of new process increased and the treatment cost becomes 3 times higher comparing the conventional process, while the environmental burden of new process decreased comparing conventional process.The nickel recovery process in fine ground particles increased energy and energy cost comparing those of the conventional process. However, the environmental burden decreased than the conventional one.The process for recovering tantalum used more heat for the treatment and therefore the energy consumption increased by 50%, when comparing with conventional process. However, the market price for tantalum is very large; the profit for tantalum recovery is added. Also the environmental burden decreased by the recycling of tantalum recovery. Therefore, the tantalum recovery is very important step in the PCB recycling. If there is no tantalum, the consumed energy and treatment cost increase in the new process, though the environmental burden decreases. 相似文献