斜板沉降器油水分离试验

为了满足油田或炼油厂含油污水处理达标排放和水资源的再利用,对斜板沉降器的油水分离机理进行了研究。通过理论推导得出上浮速度的关联式,结合试验分别对其结构参数和操作参数进行优化,找到板长、板间距、倾角及板间流速的最佳值。结果表明:优化后的斜板沉降器有较好的油水分离效果。     

Fate of metals contained in waste electrical and electronic equipment in a municipal waste treatment process

In Japan, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that is not covered by the recycling laws are treated as municipal solid waste. A part of common metals are recovered during the treatment; however, other metals are rarely recovered and their destinations are not clear. This study investigated the distribution ratios and substance flows of 55 metals contained in WEEE during municipal waste treatment using shredding and separation techniques at a Japanese municipal waste treatment plant. The results revealed that more than half of Cu and most of Al contained in WEEE end up in landfills or dissipate under the current municipal waste treatment system. Among the other metals contained in WEEE, at least 70% of the mass was distributed to the small-grain fraction through the shredding and separation and is to be landfilled. Most kinds of metals were concentrated several fold in the small-grain fraction through the process and therefore the small-grain fraction may be a next target for recovery of metals in terms of both metal content and amount. Separate collection and pre-sorting of small digital products can work as effective way for reducing precious metals and less common metals to be landfilled to some extent; however, much of the total masses of those metals would still end up in landfills and it is also important to consider how to recover and utilize metals contained in other WEEE such as audio/video equipment.     

Fenton试剂降解选矿废水中残余黄药

采用Fenton试剂处理选矿废水中残余的黄药,分别考察了氧化时间、反应初始pH、Fe^2 浓度及H2O2用量对黄药降解效果的影响;用正交实验确定了4个因素的最佳条件。结果表明,反应初始pH和H2O2用量是影响黄药去除效果的主要因素。氧化时间为60min、反应初始pH为4、Fe^2 质量浓度为20mg／L、H2O2质量浓度为20mg／L、黄药质量浓度为：125mg/L时,黄药的去除率达到99．5％,COD去除率为87．5％。     

含酮连氮废水的分离技术

为降低含酮连氮废水中的酮连氮含量,采用高效精馏塔,在提馏段将酮连氮从废水中汽提出来,在精馏段通过精馏将有机物料浓缩,达到回收的要求。在实验过程中,采用加压的方法,将酮连氮分解为水合肼和丙酮,通过不断分离出水合肼,使塔釜中酮连氮质量浓度为0．088g／L,达到排放要求,同时可以回收氨和丙酮,其中塔顶氨的质量浓度可以达到294mg／L,丙酮的质量浓度达到500mg／L。     

用固-液旋流工艺处理油田集输泵站含油泥砂

采用固-液旋流工艺处理集输泵站含油泥砂。研究了旋流处理工艺流程及操作参数、悬浮液性质对处理效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件。当温度为43℃、溢流流量为12．6m,／h、泵压为0．295MPa、进料中油质量分数大于17％时,油去除率可达到98％,油质量分数控制在0．45％以内,达到排放标准。实验表明,二次旋流的效果优于一次旋流效果。该工艺同时回收了含油泥砂中的油,利于油田泵站清洁生产。     

炉渣在处理锅炉湿法除法废水中的资源性开发应用

利用燃煤炉渣直接过滤锅炉湿法除尘废水，可以提高出水水质，对废水中SS、COD和HSO4^-有显著去除效果，出水可以满足循环回用要求。     

Integrated relief design for gas-generating reactions: predicted vessel pressure course in dependence on the phase separation model

Pressure relief of a hydrogen peroxide decomposition in a top-vented vessel is simulated numerically using six phase separation models. The results lead to the conclusion that generally a parameter study will be required for relief design by simulation when a gas-generating reaction is considered. None of the phase separation models can be expected to be always conservative in contrast to the case of tempered systems.     

塔河油田油泥砂化学热洗＋气浮分离技术研究

综述了油泥砂处理方法,结合塔河油田油泥砂的特性,对采用的化学热洗＋气浮分离技术进行了探讨,并进行了环境和经济评价。     

Synthesis and adsorption performance of lead ion-imprinted micro-beads with combination of two functional monomers

Synthesis and high adsorption and selectivity performance of lead ion-imprinted micro-beads with combination of two functional monomers.     

Improved method for analyzing the degradation of estrogens in water by solid-phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection

We established an improved method for the determination of four estrogens including estriol (E3), 17 -estradiol (E2), 17 -ethynylestrodiol (EE2) and estrone (E1) in water. The method consisted of solid-phase extraction (0.5 L water) and subsequent analysis of analytes by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with an ultraviolet detector (UVD). Base-line separation was achieved for all studied estrogens using a column (50 mm 2.1 mm) packed with 1.7 m particle size stationary phase. Recovery was higher than 88% and detection limits ranged between 12.5–23.7 ng/L for the four estrogens, with the RSD ranging from 7% to 11%. The method was successfully applied to determine E2 and EE2 in simulated natural water, which found that about 70% of E2 was degraded (with a half-life of about 30 hr) within 48 hr and about 55% of EE2 was degraded (with a half-life of about 36 hr). Low levels of E1 were found, however E3 was undetectable during the process.