Light induced transformation of isoprothiolane on glass,soil, and plant surface

Photolysis of isoprothiolane (di-isopropyl 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate) was studied as a thin film on glass surface, soil surface, and plant surface. Three photoproducts, namely 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenepropane, 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonic acid, and 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemethane have been identified on the basis of GC-MS method. The major route of photodegradation of this compound is through the de-esterification process, followed by de-carboxylation and rearrangement. The rate of photodegradation in all cases followed first-order kinetics with a statistically significant correlation coefficient.     

玻璃窑高温烟气净化工艺设计

通过分析已实施的工程运行情况,总结了玻璃窑烟气采用湿法净化系统存在的一些问题:一是高温腐蚀非常严重,二是结垢堵塞严重,再就是水处理系统的冷热水分层问题。供类似工程的方案设计参考。     

上海工业区玻璃表面多环芳烃分布特征与溯源

利用GC-MS对上海工业区玻璃表面16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了定量分析.结果表明,宝山工业区、吴泾化工区和金山化工区玻璃表面PAHs平均含量分别为10.66,16.48,31.94mg/m2,工业区附近对照点PAHs平均含量分别为2.7,8.86,4.18mg/m2.各采样点玻璃表面不同环数PAHs分布特征相似,以3环和4环PAHs为主,平均含量分别占∑16PAHs的25%和47%;其次为5环和6环PAHs,分别占∑16PAHs的14%和9%,最低为2环PAHs,仅占5%.单体PAH以Phe、Fluo、Py和Chry为主.源解析表明,玻璃表面PAHs主要来源于煤和焦炭燃烧,部分来源于石油燃烧.质量标准化毒性当量浓度范围在0.07~3.23mg/g之间,对毒性当量贡献最大的单体PAH分别是BaP,BbF,BkF,DahA.     

激光点火器耐压密封及其影响

目的促进激光点火技术在安全弹药领域的应用。方法从激光点火器作用后承受高动态压力的需求出发,研究基于玻璃封接技术的激光点火器密封性能及其影响因素。确定采用箱式电阻炉对激光点火器壳体与透镜间进行玻璃密封的温度为430℃,保温时间为13～15min。对不同始发装药、不同密封工艺的激光点火器透镜发火后,其表面光学膜层变化、与激光点火器相连接的光纤端面损伤程度进行分析,研究点火前后承受气压性能变化。结果始发装药为BPN等点火类药剂时,激光点火器具有较高的动态密封性能,可稳定达到30 MPa下2 min不泄露;始发装药为BNCP等起爆类药剂时,随着装药量的增大,密封性能变差。结论改善玻璃封接工艺有利于提高密封性,如封接长度变长,发火后耐压密封性会有所提升。     

新型环保节能建筑材料——泡沫玻璃

主要介绍了泡沫玻璃的概念、所用原料及生产,以及做为一种新型环保节能建筑材料的优良性能和使用技术,并分析了它的使用前景.     

阴极射线管锥玻璃碱性浸出渣制备泡沫玻璃

以废弃的阴极射线管锥玻璃碱性浸出渣及屏玻璃混合粉末为原料烧制泡沫玻璃。考察了发泡温度、屏玻璃加入量、发泡剂种类、发泡剂加入量、稳泡剂添加量对所制备的泡沫玻璃密度及抗压强度的影响。实验结果表明：在发泡温度800 ℃、屏玻璃加入量50%（w）、稳泡剂硼酸加入量5%（以锥玻璃碱性浸出渣及屏玻璃粉末总质量为基准,下同）、发泡剂SiC加入量15%最佳条件下烧制的泡沫玻璃密度达417 kg/m³,抗压强度达1.09 MPa,可满足建筑用泡沫玻璃的Ⅳ型物理性能指标。本实验烧制的泡沫玻璃的Pb浸出量为1.27 mg/L,Ba浸出量为0.06 mg/L,均满足固体废物的浸出毒性标准。     

Engineering properties of asphalt concrete made with recycled glass

Taiwan is an island nation with high population density: 23 million people living in a total land area of 30 000 sq. km. The island has transformed from an agricultural society to an industrial one in the past three decades. Coming with the transformation is a cumulated waste problem. Taiwan produces nearly 5 million tons of waste each year, of which 10% is of glass materials. Bureau of Highway Department funded a research program to investigate ways of recycling the glass waste. This report presents information on the program and laboratory/field test data. Materials used in the test program included 85/100 asphalt, Type II modified asphalt, and treated glass waste. Four glass contents: 0, 5, 10, and 15%, in terms of the total aggregate weight, were used in the mixture designs for casting series of 10 cm diameter by 6.35 cm disk specimens. Tests including Marshall stability value, dry/wet moisture damage, skid resistance, light reflection, water permeability, and compaction were carried out in accordance with the ASTM and AASHTO procedures. The test results reveal that glass waste is a viable material for asphalt concrete that has been widely used in pavement that offers profound engineering and economic advantages.     

提高液晶电焊防护片响应速度

论述了提高液晶电焊防护片响应速度的办法，经试验，发现电焊电流产生超前电焊光的时间是13ms。因此可用电焊电流作为触发信号提前开启液晶偏转电路以达到全过程防护的目的。     

Rainfall and Spring Discharge Patterns in Two Small Drainage Catchments in the Western Himalayan Mountains, India

Relationship between rainfall and spring discharge study is important to understand hydrological behaviour of springs and water resources management. In the Himalayan mountains springs are the freshwater sources for household consumption. We studied six springs of different recharge area characteristics in two micro-watersheds in western Himalayan mountains in India. Based on the recharge area geology these springs were divided into fracture/joint (FR/JT) and fracture/joint/colluvium (FR/JT/COLL). We found a strong positive relationship between rainfall and spring discharge. Peak spring discharge coincided with peak rainfall in two FR/JT/COLL springs, which was delayed by about one month in FR/JT springs. Mean annual discharge was about two times greater for FR/JT/COLL springs than the FR/JT springs (6.47 vs. 3.94 liter per minute). But spring discharge per 1000 L of rainfall in spring recharge area for FR/JT springs was about 2.3 times greater than the FR/JT/COLL springs (49 vs. 21 liter per minute). In the FR/JT springs, rainfall in spring recharge area and spring discharge were weakly related (r=0.174), while they were strongly related in FR/JT/COLL springs (r=0.595). In the former category of springs decline in discharge was gradual, while it was rapid in the latter category of springs. Therefore, with regard to sustained supply of water for household consumption FR/JT springs can be considered more suitable. Land use and land cover such as moderately grazed pasture, abandoned agricultural terraces and few trees but dense growth of bushes and oak forest in the spring recharge area were found conducive for spring discharge and may be promoted for long-term water resource conservation in this region.     

近48年来广东春旱的变化

为了更好地做好广东省春旱的短期气候预测，用EOF分析、小波分析和相关分析等方法，对近48年（1957—2004年）来广东受害较大的春旱（2—5月）的变化规律及其成因进行了研究。结果表明，广东春季降水具有明显的2～3年和4年左右的年际变化以及36年左右的年代际变化。春旱主要发生在1960—1971年和1994—2004年，20世纪90年代以来严重春旱的发生呈增多趋势。1976／1977年之后，阶段性的冷与涝、暖与旱相对应，而其之前的这一相关性则不好。广东春季降水的异常主要与极涡、西太平副热带高压的强弱、亚洲大陆及其以北的500hPa环流异常有关。异常春早年500hPa同期环流场上极涡较强，偏向鄂霍次克海，亚洲大陆及其以北为明显的正高度距平，冷空气的活动偏强，副高偏东偏弱。850hpa流场上广东到南海盛行偏北气流，不利于降水的产生。异常涝年的情况则基本相反。