内质网应激和氧化应激通路对DINP诱发Allergic March的介导作用

为了研究增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯（diisononyl phthalate,DINP）致Allergic March的作用机制,以雄性BALB/c小鼠为受试动物,随机分为5组,包括空白对照组（生理盐水）、20 mg·kg^-1 DINP组、OVA组、20 mg·kg^-1 DINP+OVA组和4-苯基丁酸（4-PBA）拮抗组（20 mg·kg^-1 DINP+OVA+4-PBA）,染毒周期为47 d.以肺组织匀浆测定活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）、还原型谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）和一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）.采用ELISA试剂盒检测血清中总免疫球蛋白E（T-IgE）、OVA特异性免疫球蛋白E（OVA-IgE）和白细胞介素-33（IL-33）评价机体的炎症因子,并同时观察肺组织的病理变化结果.与生理盐水组比较,OVA组的肺功能、Th2免疫系统功能亢进的分子、氧化应激指标和肺组织病理学损伤都有所加重.与OVA组比较,20 mg·kg^-1 DINP+OVA组的肺功能、Th2免疫系统功能亢进的分子、氧化应激指标和肺组织病理学损伤同样也有所加重.而4-PBA拮抗组（20 mg·kg^-1 DINP+OVA+4-PBA）与20 mg·kg^-1 DINP+OVA组相比较,其各项指标都有了明显的减轻.实验结果表明,20 mg·kg^-1的DINP能加重小鼠的Allergic March,内质网应激拮抗剂4-PBA可使Allergic March症状减轻,对小鼠肺组织起保护作用,说明内质网应激通路可能通过调节氧化应激介导了DINP所致的Allergic March.     

Integrated assessment of biochemical responses in Mediterranean crab (Carcinus maenas) collected from Monastir Bay, Tunisia

The biochemical response of Mediteranean Crab (Carcinus maenas) collected at five stations of Monastir Bay and from Kuriat station as control was studied using a set of complementary biomarkers. The catalase, glutathione S-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, acetycholinesterase activities; and metallothionein and malonediladehyde levels in gills were evaluated. Results revealed differences among sites in relation to each specific biomarker. Hence, a suite of biomarkers can be used to discriminate sampling sites according to types of pollution, reflecting differing conditions of anthropogenic impact. Based on Integrated Biomarker Response, the highest values and critical biochemical alteration were observed at Khniss and Ksibat in response to urban and industrial discharges and the lowest IBR value was found at reference site. The current study has shown clearly that a biomarker-based index is usefulness tool in the monitoring Tunisian coast using C. maenas as sentinel specie. Further studies in progress to investigate the seasonal variations of IBR levels and its relationship to pollutants concentrations in the sediment, gills and digestive gland of Carcinus maenas from Monastir Bay.     

谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的功能、应用及克隆表达

谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferases,GSTs,E.C.2.5.1.18)是由多个基因编码、具有多种功能的超家族酶,广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物等多种生物组织中。在生物体遇到高盐、干旱、除草剂、有机污染物等逆境时,GSTs常发挥其Ⅱ相代谢酶和抗氧化酶的双重功能,以保护生物体免受逆境的损害。文章综述了GSTs的分类、结构、功能、应用及克隆表达等方面的研究进展。     

Bioaccumulation and function analysis of glutathione S-transferase isoforms in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to different kinds of PAHs

This study analyzed the function of different glutathione S-transferase(GST) isoforms and detoxification metabolism responses in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, exposed to 4 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) single, and their mixtures for 15 days under laboratory conditions. 13 kinds of GSTs in R. philippinarum were classified, and the results of tissue distribution indicated that 12 kinds of GSTs(except GST sigma 3) expressed most in digestive glands. We detected the m RNA e...     

毒死蜱对雄性小鼠生殖毒性的影响

为研究毒死蜱对雄性小鼠生殖毒性的影响,利用不同浓度毒死蜱染毒小鼠.以昆明小鼠为受试动物,毒死蜱按3、6和12mg·kg-13个剂量水平,灌胃染毒小鼠7d.以睾丸组织匀浆测定活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)和还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的含量;以睾丸细胞测定DNA-蛋白...     

氯氰菊酯对小鼠脑细胞的氧化损伤及维生素E的抗氧化作用

以昆明小鼠为受试动物,随机分为6组,包括1个阴性对照组、3个氯氰菊酯染毒组、1个维生素E组和1个高剂量氯氰菊酯加维生素E组,染毒组按10,20,40mg/kg 3个剂量水平,维生素E的剂量为100mg/kg,灌胃染毒小鼠7d.以脑组织匀浆测定活性氧(ROS)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量;以脑组织细胞测定DNA-蛋白质交联(DPC)系数.随着氯氰菊酯染毒剂量的升高,脑组织的ROS、MDA含量和DPC系数逐渐上升,GSH含量逐渐降低,各指标呈一定的剂量-效应关系.染毒剂量320mg/kg时,ROS含量(841.3±100.34)、GSH含量[(12.54±1.316)nmol/L]和DPC系数(0.054±0.004)有显著差异(P<0.05);染毒剂量340mg/kg时,GSH含量[(10.51±1.545)nmol/L]有显著差异(P<0.05),ROS含量(1014.3±81.67)、MDA含量[(2.849±0.218)μmol/L]和DPC系数(0.079±0.005)有极显著差异(P<0.01).高剂量染毒加维生素E组与高剂量染毒组相比较,脑组织的ROS、MDA含量和DPC系数均有下降,GSH含量上升.脑组织的ROS(719.5±74.56)、GSH[(16.52±1.985)nmol/L]和DPC系数(0.055±0.005)有显著差异(P<0.05),MDA含量[(1.662±0.265)μmol/L]有极显著差异(P<0.01).较高剂量(320mg/kg)的氯氰菊酯能造成小鼠脑组织的氧化损伤,维生素E有抗氧化作用.     

邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯对小鼠学习和记忆能力的影响

研究邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯(BBP)暴露对小鼠脑组织的氧化损伤和对小鼠学习与记忆能力的影响.24只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为4组,每组6只,分别暴露于0,50,250,1250mg/kg的BBP,经口灌胃染毒14d.染毒期间同时进行Morris水迷宫实验,以检测小鼠的学习与记忆能力的改变.实验进行第15d,处死实验动物,取出脑、肝、肾组织,检测ROS水平及MDA和GSH含量.实验结果显示,1250mg/kg浓度BBP染毒组小鼠的学习和记忆能力与对照组相比显著下降(P<0.05);随着BBP染毒浓度的升高,小鼠脑、肝、肾组织中的ROS水平、MDA含量逐渐上升,GSH含量逐渐降低;且在1250mg/kg浓度时与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05).BBP的暴露可以影响小鼠学习与记忆能力,并对其脑、肝、肾组织产生氧化损伤.     

Effect of latex material on antioxidant enzymes,lipid peroxidation,DNA damage,and chromosomal aberration

Cell integrity is affected by oxidative stress when the production of active oxidants overwhelms antioxidant defense mechanisms. Latex, a natural polymer obtained from Hevea brasiliensis, is used in medical industry for manufacturing surgical gloves, urinary catheters, and dental dams. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of latex material on oxidative stress by in vivo and in vitro methods. In addition, the material was screened for its ability to induce any chromosomal aberrations (CAs) by in vitro method. In vivo studies were carried out with implanted latex material onto subcutaneous tissue of various batches of experimental Wistar rats. At the end of experimental period, animals were anesthetized, blood was collected for serum analysis, and sacrificed. Liver was excised for the determination of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Subcutaneous tissues were obtained for the extraction of genomic DNA from implanted animals and checked for the presence of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), considered an indicator of DNA damage. Simultaneously, in vitro studies were carried out using fresh liver and subcutaneous tissue obtained from Swiss albino mice treated with physiological saline extract of latex material. For the estimation of both in vitro and in vivo oxidative stress, 10% liver homogenate was assessed for stress indicators like reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, LPO and protein content. The results of both in vivo and in vitro studies indicated that the chemical leachents from the latex material did not significantly affect LPO and the levels of antioxidant enzymes. There was also no significant increase in 8-OHdG content due to the presence of implanted latex material. Finally, the results of in vitro CA test and G banding indicated that extracts of test material did not induce any chromosomal abnormalities.     

近江牡蛎4种类型GST基因cDNA全序列的克隆与分析

为从分子水平上研究不同类型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)基因在近江牡蛎(Crassostrea ariakensis)等贝类体内代谢去毒过程中的作用,采用RT-PCR及RACE法,分离、克隆得到近江牡蛎肝脏4种类型GST基因cDNA全序列.序列分析结果表明,mu、pi、omega、sigma4种类型GST基因cDNA全长分别为970bp、773bp、999bp、1277bp,分别编码215、207、242、203个氨基酸.构建系统进化树发现,除太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)pi型GST外,所有类型GSTs序列都能各自聚集成一簇.