流动注射在线萃取—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定人发中微量镉和铅

本文建立了一个流动注射在线萃取－火焰原子吸收测定人发中微量镉和铅的方法，对含Ｃｄ和Ｐｂ分别为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ和０．２０μｇ／ｍｌ的溶液，其相对标准偏差分别为３．４％和３．８％（ｎ＝９），Ｃｄ和Ｐｂ的灵敏度分别提高２１倍和２３倍，分析速度达３６次／ｈ，Ｃｄ和Ｐｂ的回收率分别在８７．３％－９７．０％和９１．９％－１０７．３％之间，文中还详细研究了各种实验参数的选择，测定人发样的结果与文献值相符。     

在过量锰存在下,二安替比林苯乙烯甲烷光度法测定人发中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

本文研究了在过量锰存在下,铬(Ⅵ)与二安替比林苯乙烯甲烷及吐温-80的显色反应条件,结果表明:在磷酸介质中,反应生成的紫色络合物在546um处有最大吸收,摩尔吸光系数为4.55×10~5,比尔定律范围是0～0.8μgCr(Ⅵ)/25ml,该体系可用于人发中痕量铬的测定.     

Trace metal concentration in scalp hair of occupationally exposed autodrivers

The concentrations of Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cd wereanalyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in thescalp hair of professional male autodrivers who areoccupationally exposed to the vehicular/industrialpollutants in the industrial city of Coimbatore, TamilNadu. The unwashed hair samples when compared with thewashed hair showed a significantly higher levels of Cr,Zn and Pb. The correlation coefficient showed a strongmutual dependence on the scalp hair of the exposedindividuals and no correlation was found among the tracemetals except for Ni–Pb and Ni–Cd. The results ingeneral showed a positive exogenous contribution of allthe analyzed industrial trace metals. The drivers who are occupationally exposed to vehicular/industrial pollution are at risk.     

Can oculocutaneous albinism be diagnosed prenatally?

A study of scalp and forearm skin biopsies from normally pigmented fetuses of gestational ages 16 to 28 weeks has indicated that prenatal diagnosis of albinism is a theoretical possibility. Pigment is not present in cells of the epidermis but can be found in hair follicles at the bulbous peg stage in the scalp only. Such hair follicles are present in the scalp as early as 16 weeks gestation. The findings indicate that prenatal diagnosis of albinism could be made on a scalp biopsy within the second trimester of pregnancy.     

青海平安富Se土壤区环境及人体Se含量调查

通过对平安区三合镇祁新庄、骆驼堡、三合村3个村庄内土壤、饮用水、人体毛发、人体尿液的采样调查分析,并以乐都城台乡坝口村和山城村2个村庄作为Se背景区进行对比研究,认为平安三合富Se土壤产生了明显的生态效应,Se通过土壤-粮食-人体等生物链进行迁移积累,致使人发、人尿中Se水平与土壤Se呈正相关关系,人体Se水平良好响应环境Se状况。     

Changes in hair arsenic concentration in a population exposed to heavy pollution： Follow-up investigation in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, Southern China

Follow-up investigation on hair arsenic concentration was conducted in an arsenic heavily polluted area of southern China in 2002 and 2006.The results showed that the geometric mean of hair arsenic concentration decreased from 2.95 mg/kg in 2002 to 1.78 mg/kg in 2006,when the percentage of the population with levels over 1 mg/kg only decreased from 93.4% in 2002 to 80.5% in 2006.Over this four-year period,the population with high arsenic concentrations decreased significantly while there was no obvious chan...     

某金属冶炼厂周围居民人发的6种元素含量特征

为研究金属冶炼对人体健康的危害水平,利用原子吸收分光光度计和AFS-930型原子荧光光度计对浙江富阳郊区某金属冶炼厂周围部分人发的6种元素Cu、2n、Pb、Cd、As、Se含量进行了测定.结果表明,研究区居民人发样品中具有较高含量,其中Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd最高含量分别达312、513、700和7.41 μg·g-1, As和Se最高量达10.08和0.85 μg·g-1.人发中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As含量呈明显相关关系,这在一定程度上反映了人发中元素污染程度的相似来源可能是小高炉冶炼.不同年龄的人发元素含量分析表明,40岁以上人发中Cu、Pb、Cd、As平均含量高于40岁以下约2倍;不同性别的人发元素含量分析表明, Cu、Zn、Cd、Se没有多大差别, Pb和As表现为男性略高于女性,但是经统计检验各元素在年龄和性别差异上均不显著.     

Lead,cadmium, copper,zinc, iron,and calcium in human hair as a function of gender,age, smoking,and hair dyeing

Hair samples were collected randomly from 110 subjects (55 male and 55 female) ranging in age from (<15–60) years. Each subject was asked to complete a personal questionnaire describing his/her sex, age, general health, smoking, use of hair dyes, occupational area, and living habits. Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Ca in human hair samples were evaluated using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results indicated that concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in the hair of smokers were higher than those in the hair of non-smokers, whereas, Fe and Ca concentrations in hair of smokers were lower than those in hair of non-smokers. Moreover, the concentrations of these elements are higher in dyed hair compared with undyed hair.     

A comparison of lead exposures in industrial “hot spots” in Jordan and Israel

The aim of this study was to compare two hot spots of lead (Pb) exposure in Israeli and Jordanian occupational settings. The study also sought to assess whether any differences in regulations and legislation regarding occupational health could be identified as a source of exposure disparities. Blood and hair specimens were collected from workers in a battery factory in Jordan and a secondary Pb smelter in Israel and compared. About 33% of the currently exposed group showed blood lead (BPb) levels above the internationally recommended concentration of 40 µg dL^?1. Although the differences of BPb levels between Israel and Jordan were not statistically significant, average levels were lower in Jordan. Beyond the difference in the factory types, disparity in exposure levels might be explained due to a combination of proclivities of factory management, public policies, existing medical surveillance and insurance, as well as cultural differences. Results reveal that despite existing regulations and the growing attention that is dedicated to Pb and metal occupational exposures, there are still hot spots for Pb exposure in Israel and Jordan. The contrasting experience found in the current study raises the possibility that information and technology exchange between the two countries Israel and Jordan, may be beneficial for improving occupational health policy in these two neighboring countries.