新疆南疆部分地面饮用水的致突变性研究

饮用水的致突变性和潜在致癌危害是环境科学研究的重要内容,新疆南疆地区,除少数城市居民饮用自来水外,绝大多数农垦、牧区均以当地的河水、泉水和涝坝水等地面水为主要的饮用水源。为了解这些饮用水的致突变和潜在致癌危害,我们特在枯水季节,从具有代表性的塔什库尔干县某地的泉水(下称泉水)、河水(下称河水)、疏勒县城的深井     

高密度污泥工艺在水处理中的应用

高密度污泥水处理工艺可使污泥生成量减少到十分之一左右，极大地减轻了污泥处理的负担；污泥的沉降和脱水性能得到改善，有可能不再需要投加混凝剂的工序。     

高效菌活性污泥法处理分散染料废水实验研究

针对复合微生物的筛选和分离进行了研究 ,分离出处理分散染料废水起高效降解作用的 2株菌种。结果表明 ,2株高效菌对分散染料废水降解能力很强 ,与普通菌结果对比CODCr去除率提高 17% ,并且高效菌对废水浓度的耐受性也明显提高     

重金属离子-二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠螯合体系的HPLC分析方法研究

采用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(NaDDC)为螯合剂,对Cu(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)六种重金属离子进行了螯合萃取分离体系的方法研究,用HPLC方法建立了上述金属离子的最佳分离条件及定性定量分析方法.结果表明,用C18反相柱(5μm,150×4.6mmi.d.)和流动相(V(乙腈):V(甲醇):V(水)=55:15:30)能有效分离上述重金属离子,最低检测限在0.1～1.6ng范围内,线性范围及线性关系满足定量分析要求.     

石灰凝胶阻化剂防灭火技术在高硫矿的应用研究

在分析现有凝胶阻化剂防灭火机理的基础上 ,笔者针对我国高硫煤矿采空区发火特点 ,研制出石灰凝胶阻化剂的配方 ,并对其防灭火机理进行了详细探讨 ,确定了喷洒该种阻化剂的工艺过程及其应注意的问题。根据现场试验的测定数据表明 ,石灰凝胶阻化剂对高硫煤矿的防灭火效果好     

现代化工分离技术在环境保护中的应用

介绍了高效导向筛板、新型高效填料、超临界流体萃取等现代化工分离技术及其在清洁生产和废物处理方面的应用。     

强震仪观测资料在杨浦大桥养护监测中的运用

上海杨浦大桥是当时世界同类型桥梁中最长的斜拉索桥,为了掌握大桥的运行情况,确保运行安全,每年用在该桥上的养护管理费用相当可观,且程序繁琐。如何找到既简单实用,又节约费用,就能起到一定的养护监测作用的方法?是本文探讨的问题。本文运用强震观测资料,采用自回归移动平均ARMA模型,得到大桥的随机振动中某些振型的频率及阻尼比,在地震、台风过后或经一长段时间车辆运行之后,看其相应振型频率和阻尼比的变化,以达到维护监测的目的。从所得的结果看,此法具有较好的可操作性,可用于大桥主塔等的养护。     

Design of a representative and cost-effective sampling programs for industrial wastewater with examples from bleached kraft pulp and paper mills

The diagram constructed for selection of sampling methods indicates that, for a systematic error, E ≤ 13%, grab sampling (GS) may be used to characterize effluents with variation coefficient of flow ≤ 120% and of contaminant concentrations ≤ 10%. For the whole studied range of variation coefficient of contaminant concentrations (2–82%), time-proportional compositing (TC) method may be applied with E ≤ 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients in flow < 90%. The more complicated flow-proportional compositing (FC) method is required only for effluents with larger variation coefficients or to produce more precise results. The diagram constructed for selection of sampling frequencies indicates that sequential sampling at intervals of approximately 60 min may be applied with E ≤ 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients ≤ 30%. Practical application of the diagrams, constructed using normal series, was checked against monitoring data from two pulp and paper mills in Vietnam. The two diagrams provided results on sampling methods and frequencies in good agreement with those obtained from actual monitoring data with percentages of agreement cases of 80 and 75%, respectively. The approach was applied in design of a monitoring program at the Bai Bang integrated pulp and paper mill in Vietnam.     

HEAVY RAINFALL DISTRIBUTIONS BY SEASON IN LOUISIANA: SYNOPTIC INTERPRETATIONS AND QUANTILE ESTIMATES1

ABSTRACT: In most studies, quantile estimates of extreme 24-hour rainfall are given in annual probabilities. The probability of experiencing an excessive storm event, however, differs throughout the year. As a result, this paper explored the differences between heavy rainfall distributions by season in Louisiana. It was concluded by using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests that the distribution of heavy rainfall events differs significantly between particular seasons at the sites near the Gulf Coast. Furthermore, seasonal frequency curves varied dramatically at the four sites examined. Mixed distributions within these data were not found to be problematic, but the mechanisms that produced the events were found to change seasonally. Extreme heavy rainfall events in winter and spring were primarily generated by frontal weather systems, while summer and fall events had high proportions of events produced by tropical disturbances and airmass (free-convective) conditions.     

高层建筑物附近架空高压输电线路的走廊问题

采用镜像法实例计算了高层建筑物附近架空高压输电线路的工频电场和无线电干扰场强，并从电磁环评的角度对输电线路走廊的选择提出了一些建议。