Numerical simulation of stratified turbulent two phase flow in aquatic environment

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Turbulence Perturbations in the Neutrally Stratified Surface Layer due to the Interaction of a Katabatic Flow with a Steep Ridge

Turbulence measurements were performed in Antarctica, on the Nansen Ice Sheet, dominated by westerly katabatic winds. The measurements were taken at two sites aligned with the katabatic wind fall-line. The measuring stations were located in the middle of a wide, flat iced area at a distance of 14 km from the base of a sloping surface and at the top of a steep ridge (Inexpressible Island). The aim was to investigate the perturbation of turbulence close to the ground generated by the interaction of the flow with the ridge. We present an analysis comparing the data measured at the upstream unperturbed station with those at the top of the obstacle. Moments and spectra of velocity components have been calculated for almost steady periods. The topography and roughness change produce a combined effect on the flow acceleration (of the opposite sign) and on the turbulent stresses (of the same sign). Spectra of velocity components measured at the top of the ridge and scaled by unperturbed quantities evidence an increment of energy in the high frequency subrange with respect to the up-stream flow. Moreover, the horizontal velocity components display a shift in turbulence maximum towards higher frequencies. The vertical velocity spectrum exhibits an energy increment at low frequencies with respect to the upstream spectrum.     

向海湿地贴地气层中CO2日平均浓度空间分异特征

研究了向海湿地贴地气层中CO2浓度8月份的日平均值在水平方向及垂直方向上的空间分异特征.结果表明,向海湿地贴地气层CO2日平均浓度在246~266mol/mol之间,低于三江平原湿地贴地气层乃至全球CO2浓度值,4个高度(0.1,0.6,1.2,2m)水平方向纬度分异显著,变异显著区基本一致;垂直分异差异显著,芦苇和香蒲湿地变异最大,岸边坡地变异最小.     

A numerical method for spherical particle motion in turbulent flow with large Reynolds number

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｓｏｌｉｄ／ｆｌｕｉｄｔｗｏｐｈａｓｅｆｌｏｗｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｅｎｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｅｄｉｎｍａｎｙｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ，ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌａｎｄｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ｓｕｃｈａｓｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎｒｉｖｅｒｓ，ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｆｌｏｗｗｉｔｈｓｏｌｉｄｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓａｎｄｓｏｏｎ．Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ，ｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｂｌｅｅｆｆｏｒｔｓｒｅｇａｒｄｉｎｇｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｓｈａｖｅｂ…     

云南湿地的现状和保护对策

阐述了云南湿地资源现状;对湿地的盲目开垦和改造、生物资源过度利用、水资源不合理利用、污染加剧和泥沙淤积等问题,提出了相应的保护措施.     

Characterization of aliphatic hydrocarbons in deep subsurface soils near the outskirts of Beijing, China

Thirty-nine deep subsurface soils( 150—180 cm depth) near the outskirts of Beijing were investagated. The concentrations including n-alkanes from C13 to C36, pristane and phytane were in the range of 0.60 to 170.10μg/g, with a median value of 4.26. Carbon preference index values for n-alkanes ranged from 1.08 to 2.98, with a median value of 1.48. The percentage contribution of “wax” nalkanes was in the range of 6.03%--46.22%. A predominance of odd/even carbon n-alkanes and unresolved complex mixtures with different shapes and ranges were frequently observed. Factor analysis reduced the data set into three principal components and confirming contributions from low ( 19.58% ), medium ( 20.49% ) molecular weight species and long-chain n-alkanes (43.41% ), respectively.Molecular biomarkers such as pristane, phytane, hopanes and steranes were detected. Based on the principal component analysis, the concentration profiles and molecular markers, it was found that the aliphatic hydrocarbons were from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources.     

Longitudinal assessment of blood flow velocity waveforms in the healthy human fetus

A longitudinal study was carried out on 30 healthy fetuses in order to assess the modifications of fetal blood flow throughout pregnancy. The pulsatility index was evaluated at two-week intervals by means of pulsed Doppler equipment. In the umbilical artery measurements were performed from 20 weeks onwards, whereas in the descending aorta and internal carotid artery analysis started from 26 weeks onwards. A decrease of the pulsatility index in umbilical artery and in the ratio between the pulsatility indexes in umbilical artery and internal carotid artery was found over the second half of pregnancy.     

Prenatal diagnosis of aortic atresia by colour doppler flow mapping

A case of aortic atresia with insufficiency of mitral valve diagnosed prenatally at 33 weeks of gestation is presented. An accurate diagnosis of this fetal cardiovascular malformation was possible by application of Doppler colour flow mapping, which demonstrated (a) the absence of forward flow in the hypoplastic ascending aorta, (b) reverse flow of blood from the ductus arteriosus into the severely hypoplastic ascending aorta in the late systole, (c) pansystolic mitral valve regurgitation, and (d) absent flow across the foramen ovale as a result of premature closure of the foramen ovale.     

湿地生态系统保护与修复探讨——以洪河自然保护区为例

文章通过对黑龙江省洪河湿地自然保护区的现状进行实地调查及温地成因分析,并针对洪河湿地自然保护区缺水严重、湿地退化,水生生态系统受到一定程度的破坏,局部地方沼泽已经向干草甸演替等问题,依据生态学原理通过工程措施、调节措施、管理及监测措施对洪河湿地自然保护区水生生态系统进行保护与修复.     

横向极板电收尘器收尘极板的研究

系统地研究了不同形状、尺寸的收尘极板电流密度分布及背风面涡流结构,其结果表明:板型、板宽及回风沟槽高度对电流密度分布具有很大的影响;板宽对背风面涡流结构具有明显的影响;而板型及回风沟槽高度对背风面涡流几乎没有影响.通过比较分析,选出了一种比较理想的极板形状和尺寸.