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771.
Hassen Khazri Sihem Ben Hassine Ibtissem Ghorbel–Abid Rafik Kalfat Malika Trabelsi-Ayadi 《Environmental Forensics》2019,20(2):121-128
We investigated the occurrence of three pharmaceutical residues in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from northern Tunisia. The selected compounds were carbamazepine, naproxen, and ibuprofen; they are among the most commonly prescribed and widely used pharmaceutical agents worldwide. Samples (200?mL) were pre-concentrated using the solid phase extraction (SPE) enrichment procedure and the analysis of the pharmaceuticals was performed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). The overall procedure provided limits of detection (LOD) lower than 0.5 µg.L?1and recoveries of 78–97%. For the carbamazepine compound, the mean concentrations were 60.58, 93.19, and 132 µg.L?1 for the Bizerte, Jendouba, and Tunis WWTPs, respectively. This pharmaceutical was not detected in the Beja WWTPs. Naproxen and ibuprofens were not detected in the Jendouba WWTP but were found in the three other WWTPs with concentrations ranging from 2.94 to 36.17 µg.L?1 and from 8.02 to 43.22 µg.L?1, respectively. From the obtained data, it seems that these WWTPs are not able to eliminate this kind of micro-pollutants. 相似文献
772.
S.P. McGrath C. Micó F.J. Zhao 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(10):3095-3102
The effect of soil properties on the toxicity of molybdenum (Mo) to four plant species was investigated. Soil organic carbon or ammonium-oxalate extractable Fe oxides were found to be the best predictors of the 50% effective dose (ED50) of Mo in different soils, explaining > 65% of the variance in ED50 for four species except for ryegrass (26-38%). Molybdenum concentrations in soil solution and consequently plant uptake were increased when soil pH was artificially raised because sorption of Mo to amorphous oxides is greatly reduced at high pH. The addition of sulphate significantly decreased Mo uptake by oilseed rape. For risk assessment, we suggest that Mo toxicity values for plants should be normalised using soil amorphous iron oxide concentrations. 相似文献
773.
In recent years there has been growing international interest in the assessment of doses and risks from ionising contaminants to biota. In this study the ERICA Tool, developed within the EC 6th Framework Programme, was applied to estimate incremental dose rates to biota in freshwater ecosystems in Finland mainly resulting from exposure to the Chernobyl-derived radionuclides 137Cs, 134Cs and 90Sr. Data sets consisting of measured activity concentrations in fish, aquatic plants, lake water and sediment for three selected lakes located in a region with high 137Cs deposition were applied in the assessment. The dose rates to most species studied were clearly below the screening level of 10 μGy h−1, indicating no significant impact of the Chernobyl fallout on these species. However, the possibility of higher dose rates to certain species living on or in the bottom sediment cannot be excluded based on this assessment. 相似文献
774.
Soudek P Petrová S Benesová D Kotyza J Vágner M Vanková R Vanek T 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(6):446-450
A soil-plant transfer study was performed using soil from a former uranium ore processing factory in South Bohemia. We present the results from greenhouse experiments which include estimates of the time required for phytoremediation. The accumulation of 226Ra by different plant species from a mixture of garden soil and contaminated substrate was extremely variable, ranging from 0.03 to 2.20 Bq 226Ra/g DW. We found differences in accumulation of 226Ra between plants from the same genus and between cultivars of the same plant species. The results of 226Ra accumulation showed a linear relation between concentration of 226Ra in plants and concentration of 226Ra in soil mixtures. On the basis of these results we estimated the time required for phytoremediation, but this appears to be too long for practical purposes. 相似文献
775.
V.N. Jha R.M. Tripathi N.K. Sethy S.K. Sahoo A.K. Shukla V.D. Puranik 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(9):717-722
A field study has been conducted to evaluate the 226Ra bioaccumulation among aquatic plants growing in the stream/river adjoining the uranium mining and ore-processing complex at Jaduguda, India. Two types of plant group have been investigated namely free floating algal species submerged into water and plants rooted in stream & riverbed. The highest 226Ra activity concentration (9850 Bq kg−1) was found in filamentous algae growing in the residual water of tailings pond. The concentration ratios of 226Ra in filamentous algae (activity concentration of 226Ra in plant Bq kg−1 fresh weight/activity concentration of 226Ra in water Bq l−1) widely varied i.e. from 1.1 × 103 to 8.6 × 104. Other aquatic plants were also showing wide variability in the 226Ra activity concentration. The ln-transformed filamentous algae 226Ra activity concentration was significantly correlated with that of ln-transformed water concentration (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between the activity concentrations of 226Ra in stream/riverbed rooted plants and the substrate. For this group, correlation between 226Ra activity concentration and Mn, Fe, Cu concentration in plants were statistically significant. 相似文献
776.
固定化微生物-水生生物强化系统在前置库示范工程中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在前置库中构建固定化微生物-水生生物强化系统处理太湖入湖河道污水,以减少入湖污染负荷.在驯化期加入复合微生物菌剂30 mg/kg,驯化期后每月投加1次(20 mg/kg),强化微生物的活性.监测期间(5-11月)库水进水ρ(TN)为0.54~1.59 mg/L,ρ(TP)为0.079~0.172 mg/L,ρ(CODMn)为5.41~13.40mg/L,前置库水力停留时间约为9 d,TN,TP和CODMn平均去除率分别为45.0%,42.2%和50.8%.固定化微生物区域微生物数量高于水生植物根际区1~2个数量级,反硝化菌数量达到109,水生植物根区微生物数量也高于示范区自然水体2~3个数量级以上.试验结果表明,固定化微生物-水生生物强化系统具有良好的环境适应能力,治理水体富营养化效果明显,但其在前置库中的长效运行,有待于进一步验证. 相似文献
777.
东太湖水生植物的促淤效应与磷的沉积 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
东太湖水生植物促进淤积效应显著,硬度小于5kg/cm^2的淤积物了平均深度0.96m,总淤积量149370000t,东南沿岸茭草分布区淤积尤为严重,生物有机物质只占总淤积量的1.52%,水生植物并非淤积物的主要来源,但生物有机物质引起的淤积物疏松效应使得全湖淤积深度增辑0.20m,占总淤积深度的20.8%,表层沉积中生有机物含量3.77%,疏松效应占淤积深度的64%,淤积物中总磷平均含量0.023 相似文献
778.
The process of a bioindication of genotoxic effects of complex mixtures on the environment using higher plants is very appropriate and effective. We present the results of an in situ indication of the genotoxic effects of polluted environment near Žilina city. For a more complex monitoring we used: the Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) assay, the Tradescantia microspore test and an evaluation of the abortivity of the pollen grains of native plant species. We found significant differences in the frequency of the micronuclei when using the Trad-MCN test in local of Dubeň. The Tradescantia pollen abortivity test showed significant differences in the frequency of the abortive pollen grains between the exposed groups and the control group. By using native plant species in the pollen abortivity test we found significant differences in both of the two locations for the four following species during two consecutive years: Artemisia vulgaris, Melilotus albus, Trifolium pratense, Typha latifolia. 相似文献
779.
Christiane Schrenk Christian E. W. Steinberg 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1998,5(2):83-88
The metabolism of phenanthrene was studied both in cell suspension cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and soybean (Glycine max), and in intact plants of the water mossFontinalis antipyretica. Metabolism in cell suspension cultures strongly differed between the monocotyle and the dicotyle plant. Only small amounts
oftrans-phenanthrene-9,10-dihydrodiole and phenanthrene-9,10-dione were detectable in the wheat culture. Soybean cultures, in contrast
demonstrated a strong turnover resulting in a 75% reduction of the initial phenanthrene concentration. Metabolites were phenanthrene-9,10-dione,
not further characterized polar metabolites and bound residues. Intact plants ofFontinalis antipyretica metabolized only small amounts of phenanthrene. Data obtained from cell cultures did not provide information for the metabolic
potential in intact plants. Therefore standardized tests with model systems like suspension cultures lead to inadequate assessment
of the ecological risk of certain xenobiotics. 相似文献
780.