Anoxic gas recirculation system for fouling control in anoxic membrane reactor

Anoxic gas recirculation system was applied to control the membrane fouling in pilot-scale 4-stage anoxic membrane bioreactor(MBR). In the anaerobic-anoxic-anoxic-aerobic flow scheme,hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) membrane(0.2 μm, 7.2 m2/module) was submerged in the second anoxic zone. During 8 months operation, the average flux of the membrane was 21.3L/(m2·hr). Chemical cleaning of the membrane was conducted only once with sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite. Dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in the second anoxic zone was maintained with an average of 0.19 ± 0.05 mg/L. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the headspace gas in the second anoxic reactor was mainly consisted of N2(93.0% ± 2.5%), O2(3.8% ± 0.6%), and CO2(3.0% ± 0.5%), where the saturation DO concentration in liquid phase was 1.57 mg/L. Atmospheric O2 content(20.5% ± 0.8%) was significantly reduced in the anoxic gas. The average pH in the reactor was 7.2 ± 0.4. As a result, the recirculation of the anoxic gas was successfully applied to control the membrane fouling in the anoxic MBR.     

ABR-MBR一体化工艺节能降耗措施优化研究

能耗高和膜污染是限制膜生物反应器(MBR)广泛应用的重要因素.为降低工艺运行能耗和延缓膜污染,以厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)-MBR工艺处理生活污水为例,对工艺结构和脱氮除磷运行条件进行优化.结果表明,通过优化ABR-MBR工艺结构,可降低43%的运行能耗,同时可保持较高的COD、NH+4-N、TN和TP去除效果,平均去除率分别为91%、85%、76%和86%.另外,添加颗粒填料可有效延缓膜污染,不过也改变了膜污染的形成过程,膜内部污染物含量显著增多,碳水化合物含量增加,而蛋白质含量减少,碳水化合物/蛋白质比明显增大.最终,增强了MBR反应器的实际应用性能.     

膜生物反应器中膜过滤特征及膜污染机理的研究

以膜生物反应器处理市政污水,通过对活性污泥进行终端过滤来反映膜污染机理,实验表明,最初很短时间内膜污染受膜孔堵塞模型控制,之后受沉积层阻力模型控制,后一阶段是膜污染的主要控制阶段;膜的相对通量随过滤时间呈指数衰减趋势,压力越大,通量衰减越快;污泥沉积层存在压密过程,这一过程中的污泥比阻随压力增大而增大,并得到处理市政污水的污泥压密指数为0.807 8;阻力分布实验表明沉积层阻力占总阻力的90%以上,是膜过滤污染阻力的主要组成部分;活性污泥各组分对膜污染均有贡献,其中悬浮固体、胶体颗粒和溶质产生的阻力分别占87.98%、6.20%和5.82%;根据实验和计算结果,探讨了MBR处理市政污水过程中可能的膜污染机理.     

用液膜分离技术处理含铅废水

探讨了水中Ｐｂ＾２＋在以Ｐ５０７为流动载体、ＬＭＳ－２为表面活性剂的煤油－柠檬酸乳状液液膜体系的传输过程。考察了外相酸度,内水相酸度和浓度,膜相载体浓度,膜相表面活性剂肖度以及乳水比等因素对铅去除率的影响,找到了乳状液液膜体系最佳组成。采用这种分离技术对含Ｐｂ＾２＋１００ｍｇ／Ｌ的水样进行处理,铅去除率可达９４％。     

A study on hexachromic ion selective electrode based on supported liquid membranes

An ion selective electrode (ISE) for determining Cr(VI) using supported liquid membranes (SLMs) containing trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was investigated in this study. TOPO, as a carrier, had a high selectivity for Cr(VI) against interfering ions such as sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, and chloride. The composition of the SLM was optimized as 0.193 g TOPO/1 mL NPOE (o-nitrophenyl octyl ether)/0.5 g poly (vinyl chloride) for detection of Cr(VI). The Cr(VI) concentration was measured in the range of1 × 10^-3 to 1 × 10^-6 M with the SLM prepared in the study. It seemed that Cr(VI) was transported in the SLM as a triply charged ion indicated by the slope of the emf response. Selectivity coefficients and detection limits of Cr(VI) in the presence of interfering ions were determined experimentally using the fixed interference method.     

高效液膜分离富集测定微量铜

应用高效乳状液膜技术分离、富集水和土壤样品中微量铜（Ⅱ）．研究了流动载体（Ｐ２０４）、表面活性剂（ＳＰａｎ８０）、膜的增强剂（液体石蜡）、膜溶剂（煤油）和内相解吸剂（２．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４）等液膜体系，对分离富集微量铜（Ⅱ）的影响．确定了Ｓｐａｎ８０—Ｐ２０４─液体石蜡─煤油─Ｈ２ＳＯ４高效液膜体系的最佳组成和最适宜的实验条件．富集后的溶液用１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚（ＰＡＮ）分光光度法测定铜（Ⅱ）．用本法富集水和土壤中微铜（Ⅱ）．回收率在９９％以上。应用于测定水和土壤中的微量铜．相对标准偏差为１．２％～４．５％。     

United membrane biological reactor in the treatment of wastewater

The united membrane biological reactor(UMBR) was studied for the treatment of some simulate and municipal wastewater. The removal efficiency for COD and turbidity are greater than 80% and 99% respectively. Effluent COD is less than 100 mg/L while turbidity less than 5. The removal of LAS in bath wastewater is greater than 70%. In treatment of dinning-hall wastewater, removal of fatty oil is greater than 90%, and its concentration in effluent is less than 5 mg/L. The match of biological reactor and the membrane separation component were calculated. The stable performance of wastewater treatment can be maintained by the optimization of operation conditions and the eleanout of membranes.     

液膜分离在造纸黑液治理中的应用

液膜分离在造纸黑液治理中的应用潘碌亭朱亦仁（阜阳师范学院化学系，阜阳２３６０３２）吴成康（阜阳师范学院科技处）关键词液膜法；黑液；木质素．１前言目前，我国造纸工业普遍采用碱法制浆，而蒸煮制浆过程中产生的黑液含有大量的有机物和无机物，ＣＯＤ值很高，黑液...     

顺丁烯二酸酐生产的环境友好技术

以正丁烷选择性氧化制顺丁烯二酸酐为例，按照氧化还原进行的烃类选择性氧化反应，采用将催化循环的不同步骤在空间或时间上分离的操作方法，可大幅度地提高反应的选择性，实现环境友好生产。重点介绍了循环流化床、人为非定固定床和膜反应器这3种新反应技术在顺丁烯二酸酐生产中的应用。     

塑料电除雾器的特性与安全运行对策

介绍了塑料电除雾器性能与构造特点 ,分析了硫酸雾的成因及规律 ,针对塑料电除雾器运行中可能出现的故障提出了保证其高效运行的措施