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891.
氨基染料生产过程中产生大量含有机物的铁泥,对环境造成严重污染并造成资源的极大浪费.利用超临界水氧化法对含有机物铁泥进行资源化处理研究,并对产物进行了X射线衍射分析(XRD)、色差实验与电子探针分析.研究结果显示,用超临界水氧化法处理铁泥可以将铁泥中所含的有机物完全氧化,真正实现环境友好;超临界水首先将铁泥氧化成α-Fe2O3与γ-Fe2O3,再经过800℃煅烧后可以作为氧化铁红颜料使用;超临界反应压力对样品的晶型与颜色影响不大. 相似文献
892.
Herpin U Siewers U Markert B Rosolen V Breulmann G Bernoux M 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2004,11(1):57-66
This paper shows the geographic distribution in Germany of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) analyzed in mosses in 1995/96 and compares it with the results of the 1990/91 pilot study within a European moss-monitoring programme. Other elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ti, V, Zn) are compared on basis of the overall element medians for Germany of the 1990/91 and 1995/96 survey. Samples of Pleurozium schreberi, Scleropodium purum, Hypnum cupressiforme and Hylocomium splendens were taken at a total of 1026 sites. In the 1995/96 monitoring campaign, 95% of the original sites of the 1990/91 study were resampled. The results from 1995/96 display local elevated values and many cases of areas affected by known sources of heavy-metal emissions. The industrialized and urban regions of Germany are shown up clearly by the 1995/96 moss-monitoring results: the Ruhr area, parts of Saarland and Baden-Württemberg, as well as areas in eastern Germany. Relatively low values for many elements were found in large areas of Lower Saxony and Bavaria. A comparison of the results of the 1990/91 and 1995/96 moss-monitoring programmes shows a fall in the concentration of the presented elements (except cadmium, copper and zinc) over the relevant period. Especially in the former GDR, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti) and vanadium (V) decreased significantly. This is, firstly, a reflection of the closure of and/or technological improvements to large power plants; secondly it is due to the fact that lignite has given way to other fuels. Vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni), typical constituents of crude oil, also show a decrease in the western part and thus document changes in the type of fuel consumed. The significant fall in lead concentration in 1995/96 as compared to 1990/91 in what used to be East and West Germany probably results from the increasing use of lead-free petrol. A comparison of the median values for 1990/91 and 1995/96 in mosses to the rate of emission of heavy metals in Germany for 1990 and 1995 shows similar trends in the case of elements such as arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb). The comparison of the medians of the elements analyzed for 19 European countries indicates for most of the elements a general tendency to lower values in 1995, except for Lithuania, Netherlands, Portugal, Italy and United Kingdom. 相似文献
893.
为提高热轧工作区的雾化降尘效率,研究尘雾颗粒碰撞相关理论,以热轧产生的氧化铁皮粉尘为研究对象,建立基于雾滴粒径、雾滴速度和液体流量多个雾化参数的降尘效率计算模型;分析单一雾化参数对降尘效率的影响;通过实验,测得不同气液压力组合下的雾化参数,运用响应曲面法,分析多个雾化参数耦合对降尘效率的影响。结果表明:降尘效率随着雾滴粒径的减小、液体流量增大而提高,雾滴速度对其影响不明显;多因素耦合时,通过调节气液压力组合来控制降尘效率,结合高温环境对雾滴存活时间的影响分析,当气压0.3 MPa、液压0.5 MPa时,粒径为21~27 μm的粉尘沉降效果最佳,降尘效率达到90%以上,可有效解决热轧车间粉尘污染问题。 相似文献
894.
Huijing QIAN Yanjun WU Yong LIU Xinhua XU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(1):51-56
The kinetics of Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) by metallic iron (Fe0) was studied in batch reactors for a range of reactant concentrations, pH and temperatures. Nearly 86.8% removal efficiency
for Cr(VI) was achieved when Fe0 concentration was 6 g/L (using commercial iron powder (< 200 mesh) in 120 min). The reduction of hexavalent chromium took
place on the surface of the iron particles following pseudo-first order kinetics. The rate of Cr(VI) reduction increased with
increasing Fe0 addition and temperature but inversely with initial pH. The pseudo-first-order rate coefficients (k
obs) were determined as 0.0024, 0.010, 0.0268 and 0.062 8 min−1 when iron powder dosages were 2, 6, 10 and 14 g/L at 25°C and pH 5.5, respectively. According to the Arrehenius equation,
the apparent activation energy of 26.5 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor of 3 330 min−1 were obtained at the temperature range of 288–308 K. Different Fe0 types were compared in this study. The reactivity was in the order starch-stabilized Fe0 nanoparticles > Fe0 nanoparticles > Fe0 powder > Fe0 filings. Electrochemical analysis of the reaction process showed that Cr(III) and Fe(III) hydroxides should be the dominant
final products. 相似文献
895.
896.
很多钢铁企业面临着工业污水量远大于回用水量,处理后的工业污水因缺少用户只能外排而同时还需引入大量的工业新水的尴尬局面。节能减排不只是减少工业新水用水量和全部工业污水处理回用,更重要的是要实现工业污水排放量和回用水量之间的平衡。结合某钢铁公司的实际情况,就钢铁企业水系统实现节能减排的技术措施进行了探讨,作为工程实践的一种参考。 相似文献
897.
898.
《包钢三合明铁矿区西部异常区矿产资源开发利用工程》是以地下采矿和湿法磁选选矿为生产工艺流程的建设项目,本文根据工程项目的特性、建设内容、生态影响识别,结合工程厂址周围环境特征,重点分析了工程建设期、运营期对周围生态环境的影响,并提出相应防治对策。 相似文献
899.
900.
Qiong Bin Bin Lin Ke Zhu Yaqian Shen Yuanyuan Man Boyang Wang Changfei Lai Wenjin Chen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(2):90-102
Sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) is a promising material for removal of organic pollutants from water, but S-nZVI nanoparticles (NPs) easily agglomerate and have poor contact with organic contaminants. Herein, we propose a new S-nZVI/graphene aerogel (S-nZVI/GA) composite which exhibits superior removal capability for trichloroethylene (TCE) from water. Three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel (GA) can improve the efficiency of electron transport, enhance the adsorption of organic pollutants and restrain the agglomeration of the core-shell S-nZVI NPs. The TCE removal rates of FeS, nZVI, GA and S-nZVI were 27.8%, 42%, 63% and 75% in 2?hr, respectively. Furthermore, TCE was completely removed within 50?min by S-nZVI/GA. The TCE removal rate increased with increasing pH and temperature, and TCE removal followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The results demonstrate the great potential of S-nZVI/GA composite as a low-cost, easily separated and superior monolithic adsorbent for removal of organic pollutants. 相似文献