Sequestration of As by iron plaque on the roots of three rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L.) cultivars in a low-P soil with or without P fertilizer

A pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse to investigate the sequestration of As in iron plaques on root surface of three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Phosphate (P) fertilization increased both plant biomass and tissue P concentrations significantly, indicating that the soils used in this study was highly P-deficient. Results from this study confirmed that low P supply improved the formation of iron plaque on rice roots. As a consequence, arsenic (As) concentrations in DCB-extracts with no P addition were significantly higher than those with P fertilization. Arsenic was highly sequestrated in iron plaque; arsenic concentration in iron was up to nearly 120 mg kg⁻¹, while arsenic concentrations in roots were just several mg kg⁻¹. Both arsenic and phosphate concentrations in iron plaque were highly positively correlated with the amounts of iron plaque (DCB-extractable Fe). Contrary to normal understanding that increasing P supply could reduced As accumulation in plants, results from the present study showed that P fertilization did not inhibit the As uptake by plants (As accumulation in aboveground), which was probably due to the fact that iron plaque formation was improved under low P conditions, thus leading to more As sequestration in the iron plaque. Thus results obtained in this study indicated that the iron plaque may inhibit the transfer of As from roots to shoots, and thus alter the P–As interaction in plant As uptake processes.     

羟基金属柱撑膨润土吸附氟的性能研究

将膨润土进行改性制得4种羟基金属柱撑膨润土,用XRD考察了层间结构,并将它们应用于含氟废水的吸附处理中,研究了各种吸附剂的吸附速率、介质的pH、吸附剂用量、饱和吸附曲线和吸附剂的重复使用性.结果表明,改性得到的羟基金属柱撑膨润土的层间距都明显变大,在实验条件下对氟离子的吸附性能为羟基铁铝复合柱撑膨润土>羟基铁柱撑膨润土>羟基铝柱撑膨润土.该类吸附剂对氟离子还具有较好的重复使用性.     

原子吸收法测定水中铁的不确定度分析

通过对原子吸收法测定水中铁的不确定度的分析，找出了导致不确定度的因素。对测量不确定度进行计算和评定，结果表明，影响其测量不确定度的主要因素是标准曲线精密度以及仪器漂移。     

用铁泥制备高效无机絮凝剂聚硅酸铁及其絮凝性能研究

研究了以铁泥、硅酸钠为原料，制备高效絮凝剂聚硅酸铁（PSF）的方法，确定了合理的生产工艺和操作条件。并对絮凝剂PSF处理工业废水的絮凝性能进行了研究，探讨了PSF处理工业废水的反应机理。结果表明，PSF具有良好的絮凝性能，是一种比聚合硫酸铁（PFS）性能更优良的絮凝剂。     

复极填充床电解槽对活性艳红X-3B溶液电解脱色的研究

本研究以偶氮染料活性艳红X 3B为模型物 ,分别在不同填料层数、槽电压、流量、染料浓度、pH值及不同无机盐种类和浓度下进行电解实验 ,考察各种因素对复极填充床电解槽脱色率和电耗等性能参数的影响。通过分析原水和出水水样的紫外 可见吸收光谱 ,验证染料溶液电解脱色的机制     

影响搓丝板寿命的因素分析

在生产实践的基础上 ,通过一系列工艺表明搓丝板的内部组织 ,齿形加工及热处理质量对其寿命起决定性作用。     

程序升温条件下铁及其氧化物在CO存在时对N_2O的还原机理

应用热综合分析仪 (TG FTIR)研究了在还原性气氛下Fe及其氧化物对N2 O的催化还原作用 .研究发现铁氧化物对氮氧化物的催化还原能力相当弱 ,而Fe可以高效地降低N2 O分解的初始温度和提高N2 O向N2 的转化率 .在Fe和CO的作用下 ,N2 O的初始分解温度为 92 0K和 10 0 0K .在 112 3K时 ,N2 O的转化率达到 95 %和 80 % .TG/DSC曲线表明了在Fe与N2 O反应过程中CO的作用表现为通过与N2 O在反应表面的竞争吸附使铁氧化物还原为金属铁 ,X射线衍射证明Fe与N2 O反应后的氧化物为Fe2 O3 ;扫描电镜对反应后Fe表面物理形态的研究发现 ,在CO作用下 ,Fe的表面呈松散结构 ,可以保证Fe对氮氧化物反应的连续进行     

Chemical forms and extractability of iron in sediments of three contrasting lakes of China and UK

IntroductionAsanessentialelementforalgalgrowth ,ironplaysanimportantroleintheeutrophicationoflakesandotherwaters .Theroleofironinalgalgrowthmainlyliesinitsphysiologicalfunctionssuchaselectrontransport,oxygentransportorrespirationandfermentation (APHA ,1 975;Trudinger,1 979;Zhou ,1 998a) .Usually,ironispresentinenvironmentinrelativelyhighconcentrations .Incrustalabundance,ironranksfourthinnumber,onlybehindoxygen ,siliconandaluminium(Wedepohl,1 971 ) .However,ironisrelatively“scarce”intheb…     

电催化还原-生物降解耦合处理硝基苯废水

在一个反应器中 ,通过电催化 微生物反应的耦合还原作用 ,强化废水中硝基苯污染物的去除 ,重点研究电流密度和pH值对硝基苯去除过程的影响 .结果表明 ,随着电解的电流密度增大 (不超过 2 0mA) ,虽然电极附近填料表面的持菌量略有下降 ,但硝基苯的去除率和苯胺的生成率还是在不断增大 .当没有电流作用时 ,微生物还原硝基苯的最佳pH在 6 7左右 ,而当电流电流为 2 0mA时 ,最佳 pH值降低到 5 4～ 5 9.在反应器中 ,阴极附近的苯胺浓度最大 ,而阳极附近的苯胺浓度最低     

清洁生产审核中经济评估指标的应用

在清洁生产审核中，经济评估是对清洁生产方案的综合性全面经济分析。通过评估分析，比较各种备选方案，为投资决策选择效益最佳的方案提供依据。本文通过对水泥厂清洁生产审核经济评估指标的分析，详细阐述各项评估指标的运用效果。