中小学砌体结构校舍的隔震加固技术研究

本文以抗震设防8度区的山西省某小学4层砌体结构教学楼抗震加固为背景,探讨了采用隔震技术对多层砌体房屋进行抗震加固的计算分析方法、施工工艺及相应的关键技术.结果表明,叠层橡胶垫基础隔震加固可以有效降低上部结构所受的地震作用,能够在一定程度上提高工程结构的安全性,是一种比较有效的建筑抗震加固技术.在高烈度区对砌体结构校舍进...     

基于平均法的金属橡胶隔振器非线性振动特性研究

目的研究金属橡胶隔振系统的非线性振动特性和机理。方法建立该金属橡胶隔振系统的非线性动力学模型,利用平均法推导出系统的自由振动运动方程和在简谐激励下的受迫振动幅频响应方程,通过数值计算分析影响隔振系统位移传递率的因素。随后设计一种结构紧凑的金属橡胶隔振器,通过静压试验得到加载卸载迟滞回线,利用拟合方法建立金属橡胶的指数型刚度模型。该模型在相同拟合效果下参数较少,将指数型非线性刚度模型代入到振动方程中进行求解,得到理论幅频响应曲线。同时,进行金属橡胶隔振系统的正弦扫频试验,得到不同振动幅值下的实测传递率幅频响应,与理论计算结果进行对比。结果拟合参数与系统的振动特性相关,拟合参数k_(1)越大,系统共振频率越低,拟合参数k_(2)越大,系统共振频率越高。理论计算与试验结果共振频率的误差最大为2.1%,放大倍数最大误差为17.1%。该理论方法可以较为准确地计算出隔振系统的共振频率、共振放大倍数以及非线性振动的跳跃现象。结论该方法可以较为准确地通过金属橡胶隔振器的静压试验数据预估出金属橡胶隔振系统的非线性振动特性,对于金属橡胶隔振设计具有一定的应用价值。     

舰船通信系统电磁兼容设计分析

水面舰船综合通信系统集成度高、功能强大、系统各指标相互关联,因此进行通信系统电磁兼容设计有相当的技术难度,本文为保证舰船综合通信系统多频段、多业务、多电台正常协调地工作,提供了电磁兼容设计的方法。     

A CFD based explosion risk analysis methodology using time varying release rates in dispersion simulations

A full probabilistic Explosion Risk Analysis (ERA) is commonly used to establish overpressure exceedance curves for offshore facilities. This involves modelling a large number of gas dispersion and explosion scenarios. Capturing the time dependant build up and decay of a flammable gas cloud size along with its shape and location are important parameters that can govern the results of an ERA. Dispersion simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are generally carried out in detailed ERA studies to obtain these pieces of information. However, these dispersion simulations are typically modelled with constant release rates leading to steady state results. The basic assumption used here is that the flammable gas cloud build up rate from these constant release rate dispersion simulations would mimic the actual transient cloud build up rate from a time varying release rate. This assumption does not correctly capture the physical phenomena of transient gas releases and their subsequent dispersion and may lead to very conservative results. This in turn results in potential over design of facilities with implications on time, materials and cost of a project.In the current work, an ERA methodology is proposed that uses time varying release rates as an input in the CFD dispersion simulations to obtain the fully transient flammable gas cloud build-up and decay, while ensuring the total time required to perform the ERA study is also reduced. It was found that the proposed ERA methodology leads to improved accuracy in dispersion results, steeper overpressure exceedance curves and a significant reduction in the Design Accidental Load (DAL) values whilst still maintaining some conservatism and also reducing the total time required to perform an ERA study.     

两株降解芘的分枝杆菌的筛选鉴定及降解性能

为获得芘降解细菌,从中国南方地区采集了受PAHs严重污染的土壤与污泥样品.利用平板升华法,分离到2个菌株W52和W74.经形态观察、生理生化试验和16S rDNA的序列分析,2个菌株被鉴定为分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium sp.).在含芘膜的固体平板上培养,W52和W74在23d中降解芘分别达到13.2Iμg和11.8μg.在含芘50mg·L-1和lOOmg·L-1的无机盐液体中培养,2d时W52的芘降解率达57.8%和20.5%.W74达19.2%和4.O%;随着培养时间的延长,芘降解率不断提高;在第10ci时W52的芘降解率分别达到96.3%和82.3%,W74达83.8%和64·5%.在固体和液体条件下降解芘的结果表明,W52降解芘的能力强于W74.鉴于W52和W74末端双加氧化酶中编码a大亚基的nida基因存在明显差异,推断二者降解芘的能力不同与它们的末端双加氧酶有关.     

Modeling of explosion dynamics in vessel-pipe systems to evaluate the performance of explosion isolation systems

Explosion isolation systems provide critical protection for interconnected vessels and work areas, preventing the spread of explosions through interconnecting pipes and ducts. These systems not only prevent propagating events, but also mitigate the elevated explosion hazards of interconnected vessels, related to pressure piling and enhanced turbulence. Explosion isolation systems can, however, fail catastrophically when they are not properly designed for a use case.Evaluating the performance of explosion isolation systems includes assessing their pressure resistance, flame-barrier efficacy, and determining appropriate installation distances, which typically requires extensive testing. To predict the performance of a system for use cases outside the tested conditions, models are needed to reliably predict both the explosion dynamics and the isolation system response.In this study, a physics-based model for explosion dynamics in vented vessel-pipe systems is developed and validated. An extensive series of large-scale validation experiments were conducted, including tests using an 8 m³ vessel with attached pipes, varying the pipe dimensions, ignition location, and mixture reactivity. The model accurately captures the effects of experimental parameters and predicts the time available for isolation systems to form a flame barrier. This model can help to predict installation distances and reduce the number of tests needed to comprehensively evaluate explosion isolation systems and their use cases.     

解淀粉乳酸细菌在厨余垃圾乳酸发酵中的应用

研究了水解淀粉乳酸细菌对厨余垃圾发酵生产乳酸的强化作用.从厌氧发酵的厨余垃圾中分离到6株水解淀粉的乳酸细菌,其中菌株FH164具有最高的淀粉降解率和乳酸产量.在pH5.5～6.0条件下,经48h发酵,菌株FH164从40.50g·L^-1的可溶性淀粉产生32.67g·L^-1的乳酸.根据形态、生理生化特征和16SrDNA序列分析结果,可将菌株FH164鉴定为链球菌属(Streptococcus sp.)细菌.接种菌株FH164可强化厨余垃圾的乳酸发酵,采用垃圾不灭菌的开放式发酵,菌株FH164可得到28.23g·L^-1的乳酸,比自然发酵(不接种的对照)的乳酸浓度高19.2%.