阴离子表面活性剂测定中不同萃取方法的比较

通过对水中阴离子表面活性剂测定中不同萃取方法的比较，从而简化操作步骤，提高了工作效率。     

酸性土壤有效态硒浸提方法的研究

本文提出了酸性土壤有效硒的0.1MKH_2PO_4浸提法.土壤和植物的分析结果表明:0.1MKH_2PO_4浸提有效态硒能反映土壤对植物的供硒状况.黑麦幼苗试验进一步证明KH_2PO_4浸提有效态硒可以作为酸性土壤有效硒的指标.     

Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Tea and Coffee Samples of Mumbai City (India) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

This paper describes a method for quantification of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tea and coffee samples of Mumbai City with the help of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS detector. This method is based on liquid–liquid extraction followed by clean up with C-18 cartridge. Concentration of total PAHs in different brands of tea and coffee samples varied from 18.79 to 31.37 μg/L and from 16.47 to 18.24 μg/L, respectively. Mean concentration of total PAHs was 27.56 μg/L in tea and 17.20 μg/L in coffee. Recoveries at different concentration levels were higher than 68% in samples of tea and coffee. Detection limit was found to be low (0.0006 ng) for anthracene and highest (0.174 ng) for naphthalene with relative standard deviation between 0.4%–7%.     

红外光度法测定土壤中的石油类

以CCl4为萃取剂,以Na2SO4(无水硫酸钠)或一水合硫酸镁MgSO4·H2O为干燥剂,用红外光度法(GB/T16488-1996)来测定土壤中的石油类。     

重金属污染土壤异位淋洗技术工艺分析及设计建议

重点阐述了重金属污染土壤异位淋洗技术中物理筛分和化学提取的工艺原理、技术装备与材料类型。研究了物理筛分工艺路线、筛分方式、适用条件,以及化学提取工艺的淋洗剂种类、适用条件、优缺点等。在总结国内外研究成果和工程经验的基础上,分析了我国异位淋洗技术工艺水平、应用现状及存在的问题。最后,针对物理筛分和化学提取工艺的特点,提出了重金属污染土壤异位淋洗技术在我国进行工程应用时的设计理念与建议。     

超临界流体萃取与超临界水裂解耦合处理油泥中试

传统油泥处理存在能耗高、易造成二次污染、资源利用率低等问题。采用多级超临界流体萃取-超临界水裂解耦合技术对经减量化处理的油泥进行无害化处理及资源化利用,其中通过多级超临界流体梯度萃取可生成重质油、高级酚及稠环芳烃,在催化剂作用下超临界水将油泥中残留的重胶质及沥青质裂解为CO、H_2、丙烯、丁烯等组分,处理后的油泥石油烃综合利用率高,残渣可实现无害化排放。     

从钨钼废渣中提取钨、钼、铜、镍的方法研究

钨钼废渣中含有相对较高的钨、钼、铜、镍,该钨钼废渣属危险废物,不经过回收处理处置,不仅浪费资源,而且对环境的危险较大.研究回收技术,从钨钼废渣中提取钨、钼、铜、镍,不但可以提高利用量,还可以防止危险废渣污染环境质量.文章研究了从钨钼废渣中提取钨、钼、铜、镍的工艺方法及萃取剂的使用,并对提取的效果及提取后的废渣进行了监测分析,结果表明,采用湿法对钨钼废渣处理提取钨、钼、铜、镍,不仅提取效率高,而且有一定的经济效率,同时经过提取后钨钼废渣由危险废物降为一般工业废物,便于处置,也降低了处置费用.     

聚乙烯醇缩-5-甲酰基-2,4-二羟基苯偶氮安替比林液-固萃取和光度测定镍的研究

本文报道了2,4-二羟基-5-安替比林偶氮苯甲醛(DAP)及DAP与聚乙烯醇(PVA)的缩合产物(PV·DAP)的合成.并利用PV·DAP做萃取剂,析相萃取和光度测定了铝合金和环境水样中的镍.实验结果还表明,高分子显色剂与相应的小分子试剂相比,在液-固萃取方面表现为易获得高萃取率且不受萃合物电性的影响,在光度测定方面则表现出较高的灵敏度和稳定性.从而说明试剂的高分子化可改善其性能.     

Plants with phytotoxic potential: Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis)

Herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass (ARG, Lolium rigidum) threatens the quality and yield of winter wheat crops in Australia, prompting research to discover novel natural plant compounds with herbicidal properties. Due to its novel nature and potentially interesting chemistry, the Australian native, Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis), was tested for its ability to suppress ARG growth and its feasibility for use in weed control strategies. The leaf extract of Wollemi pine significantly inhibited the growth of ARG and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) in laboratory bioassays at concentrations above 1% extract. In soil trials, the 100% extract (100 g dried plant material/L) inhibited the dry weight of ARG by 25%. The addition of a wetting agent to the extract increased the suppression of ARG to 80% which was as phytotoxic as a 4-fold increase in the extract concentration (“400%” extract). Using bioassay-guided fractionation, the most phytotoxic fraction was identified and further analysed via GC/MS. Several compounds not previously identified in Wollemi pine leaf extracts have been identified, namely, 2-propylphenol, 3,4-dimethoxyphenol, 2-methoxybenzoic acid, vanillyl alcohol and isovanillic acid. These results suggest that Wollemi pine is an important potential source of compounds for the control of ARG and wild radish in winter crops.     

工业高浓度苯胺废水处理技术研究

染料厂、农药厂、制药厂等工业都会产生含有高浓度苯胺的废水，处理苯胺废水的方法较多，本文通过实验的方式着重研究了膜萃取法处理高浓度苯胺废水，并通过分析实验结果得出了相应结论。