小型铜矿选厂尾矿废水回用技术研究

简要地介绍了小型铜矿厂工艺流程和选矿废水组成特点，较详细地阐述了小型铜矿选厂尾矿水回用试验结果、尾矿库的选址与建设及选矿用水闭路循环初步实践。     

煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故特征与耦合规律研究

分析瓦斯爆炸事故的瓦斯积聚原因、引爆火源和引爆地点等事故特征及其分类,统计并分析1988—2008年发生的563次瓦斯爆炸事故的基本特征和耦合规律,结果表明:通风混乱等通风系统问题导致瓦斯缓慢积聚的瓦斯爆炸事故占90.6%;电火花和放炮火焰引爆瓦斯占事故的78.6%;发生在采掘工作面的瓦斯爆炸事故占69.4%;通风系统问题导致瓦斯积聚的瓦斯爆炸事故主要发生在采掘工作面和巷道,占81.3%;通风系统问题导致瓦斯积聚的事故其引爆火源主要是电火花,占72.8%;电火花和放炮火焰引爆瓦斯主要发生在采掘工作面和巷道,占73.2%。有效预防和控制煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故需切实加强通风管理、电气管理和严格放炮操作与程序。     

从“3·28”王家岭煤矿透水事故抢险救援反思中国事故灾难应急准备体系

"3.28"王家岭煤矿透水事故的抢险救援,反映了中国高层领导对事故抢险高度重视、极强的社会动员和控制能力、新闻媒体深度介入、指挥协调规范有力和依靠专家科学应对等典型当代中国特色。本文通过仔细分析本次煤矿透水事故的发生及抢险救援过程,提出中国还应该在强化事故灾难"预防、预警、响应和恢复"全过程应急准备、进一步完善关键应急能力、加强应急准备体系建设规划、建立应急准备活动持续改进机制和培育积极主动的应急准备文化等方面做出进一步的努力。     

多风机多级机站通风网络的状态估计

利用计算机实现矿井通风系统优化管理和自动控制,必须具有相应的硬件基础,即需要一定数量的遥控检测装置,实时检测出系统运行中的部分状态变量的值,并传送到控制中心,作为计算机决策的依据。本文提出了利用加权最小二乘状态估计器对矿井通风系统进行静态状态估计以及对检测量中出现的错误数据进行识别、纠正的方法。利用该算法对一个中等规模的实际矿井通风系统进行了计算机的仿真计算,获得了满意的结果。     

深井开采沿空留巷顶板锚杆强化控制技术研究

随着我国煤矿开采深度的逐年增加,瓦斯含量逐渐增大且赋存异常,回采工作面瓦斯超限问题严重威胁着煤矿的安全生产,而沿空留巷则是解决工作面瓦斯超限问题的最有效途径,但沿空留巷顶板稳定性控制问题则制约了沿空留巷技术在我国更广泛地推广应用。本文以顾桥矿1115(1)采煤工作面沿空留巷为背景,全面总结了沿空留巷顶板控制技术的国内外研究现状及存在的主要问题,并分析了沿空留巷顶板控制的基本原理,在煤巷顶板预应力结构理论的基础上,提出了顾桥矿深井开采沿空留巷顶板稳定性控制的锚杆强化控制技术原理,对巷道所处的不同阶段有针对性的提出了顶板的安全控制技术。该研究成果在顾桥矿1115(1)采煤工作面沿空留巷中得到了成功应用,对类似条件下的沿空留巷顶板控制具有重要的指导意义。     

矿山安全管理核心框架结构研究

矿业是人类文明进步、国民经济发展和科学技术革命的基础,矿山生产又是工业事故频发的高危行业。改革开放以来,随着经济的发展,我国对矿产资源的开发与利用强度不断加大,矿山生产事故多发,形势十分严峻。安全管理是矿山生产解决和消除各种不安全因素,防止事故发生最重要的手段。本文通过对我国矿山安全生产管理的研究与实践,首次提出关于矿山安全生产管理核心框架结构RS理论。认为矿山安全生产管理核心框架是建立在安全战略目标与规划基础上的风险监测与预控管理、安全文化建设和安全监管。安全文化建设包括本质安全化,企业安全理念与员工综合素质以及安全制度建设,安全文化建设是安全生产管理应该关注的重点内容。论文为我国矿山企业安全生产管理提供了有益参考。     

金属非金属矿山安全标准化核心思想和理论基础探讨

通过实施安全标准化能够提高企业安全管理和本质安全水平.金属非金属矿山安全管理现状和生产特点千差万别,要建设与实际水平相适应的标准化系统并得以正确实施,就需要充分理解标准化内涵,准确把握其核心思想和理论基础.金属非金属矿山安全标准化由14个核心要素组成,本文在分析金属非金属矿山安全标准化主要内容基础上,研究探讨了其基于风险管理的核心思想,分析提出了基于事故预防原理、系统性原理、人本原理和戴明原理等理论基础,以及全员参与、安全行为与态度等相关原则.     

Risk management and workers’ safety behavior control in coal mine

According to the risk management characteristics and the actual needs of safety production in coal mine, we thoroughly analyze the system of risk management method in coal mine and implement it in Geting Coal Mine. The system manages and controls the potential accident risks, hazard sources and human behavior risks. On this basis, the system of workers’ safety behavior control technology in coal mine is further studied, the “three disobeying” is classified and managed, the “three disobeying” database and safety countermeasures database are established, and the application software - the system of risk management and safety countermeasures optimization in coal mine based on B/S mode is developed and applied, which uses intranet to analyze and supervise the “three disobeying”, publish early-warning information, optimize management and control countermeasures; at the same time, the important prompting messages can be automatically sent to the mobile phones of relevant managers and the person in charge through public communication system in order to improve the real time capability and effectiveness of unsafe behavior control. The technological system and application software implemented in Geting Coal Mine has achieved good results.     

Stability analysis and comprehensive treatment methods of landslides under complex mining environment—A case study of Dahu landslide from Linbao Henan in China

A case study of Dahu landslide from Linbao Henan in China was discussed in this paper. Based on various kinds of basic data, the 3D numerical model of a geological structure which possesses all kinds of information including the mechanical characteristics and the geometrical parameters of geological discontinuities were known from previous works. Thus, both the whole geological structure and all kinds of geological components involved in a slope can be visualized on computer, the complicated analysis and calculation can be then carried out easily and effectively. Firstly, the combination of 3D numerical model with the limit equilibrium analysis theory in slope stabilization can easily provide the present stability factor. Then according to monitoring data of the total station, the potential sliding trends are analyzed if landslides do not occur. Secondly, there are a number of uncertainties on the factors of multi-forms of disaster, such as, rainfall, earthquake, and mined-out area. The unascertained mathematics theory is applied to the stability comprehensive evaluation. It shows four landslide bodies get to be at unstable state if there are some inducements. Thirdly, sliding distance and movement scope were predicted if landslides occur. On the basis of the analysis above, the treatment of the landslide body called isolated method of culvert was proposed. It has solved the contradiction of landslide and mining radically, and provides important technical assurance for safety and sustainable development of mine.     

A CART technique to adjust production from longwall coal operations under ventilation constraints

Methane emissions in longwall coal mines can arise from a variety of geologic and production factors, where ventilation and degasification are primary control measures to prevent excessive methane levels. However, poor ventilation practices or inadequate ventilation may result in accumulation of dangerous methane-air mixtures. The need exists for a set of rules and a model to be used as guidelines to adjust coal production according to expected methane emissions and current ventilation conditions.In this paper, hierarchical classification and regression tree (CART) analyses are performed as nonparametric modeling efforts to predict methane emissions that can arise during extraction of a longwall panel. These emissions are predicted for a range of coal productivities while considering specific operational, panel design and geologic parameters such as gas content, proximate composition of coal, seam height, panel width, cut height, cut depth, and panel size. Analyses are conducted for longwall mines with and without degasification of the longwall panel. These models define a range of coal productivities that can be achieved without exceeding specified emissions rates under given operating and geological conditions.Finally, the technique was applied to longwall mines that operate with and without degasification system to demonstrate its use and predictive capability. The predicted results proved to be close to the actual measurements to estimate ventilation requirements. Thus, the CART-based model that is given in this paper can be used to predict methane emission rates and to adjust operation parameters under ventilation constrains in longwall mining.