Prescriptive conflict prevention analysis: An application to the 2021 update of the Austrian flood risk management plan

Flood events have become more frequent in Europe, and the adaptation to the increasing flood risks is needed. The Flood Directive set up a series of measures to increase European resilience, establishing Flood Risk Management Plans (FRMPs) at the level of the river basin district as one relevant action. In order to efficiently fulfil this objective, the involvement of stakeholders as well as the analysis of their roles, responsibilities, and demands has been considered to be crucial to develop FRMPs. As a result, the hypothesis tested in this paper is that a consensus solution for the 2021 update Austrian Flood Risk Management Plan is feasible. To demonstrate this, both in-depth interviews and questionnaires to key Austrian stakeholders are implemented. The information collected in both participatory techniques are then used to run a conflict prevention analysis. The results show that (a) improving the coordination among regions and including better land-use planning approaches are preferable to a hypothetical business as usual scenario; and (b) a consensus solution for the 2021 update Austrian FRMP might be achievable on the basis of both a deep discussion on the state-of-the art and green infrastructure development.     

Summary of 25 Years of Xylem Tracheids and Sewage/Sludge in the Sea

The Rapid Sewage/Sludge Indicator Technique (RSIT), developed during the early 1970′s, responded to critical needs within the Bureau of Water Pollution Control. It enabled quick detection of contamination in ocean water and bottom sediments during sewage-related emergencies and routine monitoring. RSIT became an invaluable tool for resource management, in determining where and to what extent marine environments are impacted, and when immediate information is necessary for public health decisions.

The RSIT utilizes microscopic examination for terrestrial plant vascular tissue, especially the xylem tracheid elements, as identifiers of sewage/sludge. Not normally found in ocean waters, this material, in toilet paper and the roughage of the human diet which passes through the digestive system intact, is an indicator of human faecal contamination. Minimal training and common laboratory materials allow gross screening in five minutes. New studies by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), United States Geologic Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), most recently at the 106-mile dump site off the New York Bight, revalidated the technique as a rapid, inexpensive, easy to use, semiquantitative indicator both for water column and sediment samples.     

对长江防洪规划的思考

在初步分析长江１９９８年水情与防汛情况的基础上，对长江防洪体系中各项措施的情况作了研究，说明在９８年抗洪斗争中已建控制性水利枢纽发挥了较好的作用，如三峡工程已建成则防汛情势会有本质变化；长江主要堤防均保证了安全，出险多的是一些保护面积相对小的堤段；分蓄洪区安全建设严重滞后，从而难以决策实施计划分洪：“平垸行洪，退田还湖”应区别对待，植树造林，水土保持很严重，但不是影响９８年洪水的主要因素。长江防洪     

ANALYSIS AND EXTRACTION OF LOW FLOW RECESSION CHARACTERISTICS1

ABSTRACT: It is important to extract and assess low flow recession characteristics for water resources planning in the upper reaches of streams. However, it is very difficult to express synthetically the low flow recession characteristics for a stream flow. In this paper, first a new method of constructing the master recession curve based on the exponential expression is proposed and applied with the restriction that there are no regulation or diversion structures in the upper reaches above the measurement station. Daily precipitation and stream flow were used for the analysis. Second, analysis for a recession constant was conducted and the relationship between the recession constant and low flow and/or geology was qualitatively examined. In conclusion, the application of the proposed method indicated that it is objective and useful for constructing the master recession curve. It became apparent that the recession constant of a master recession curve may be defined as the total index of low flow characteristics. In addition, it was found that baseflow value increases in the order of Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Tertiary, and Quaternary.     

贵州省黔南州耕地保有量研究

根据2001～2010年土地开发复垦规划、建设项目用地、生态退耕等预测,分析了1997～2010年土地利用总体规划存在问题,提出了黔南州下一轮修编土地利用总体规划应达到的耕地保有量.     

DECISION FRAMEWORK FOR SEDIMENT CONTROL IN MUDDY CREEK WATERSHED1

ABSTRACT: The tailwater of Bridgewater Dam, below Lake James, North Carolina, is a designated trout stream. It has environmental attributes for a good cold water fishery with the exception of high suspended sediments. Muddy Creek, a tributary about 1.5 km downstream of the dam, is a major source of sediments. The Muddy Creek Watershed Restoration Initiative was established to develop and implement a sediment control plan. The Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework was applied to simulate soil erosion and sedimentation and to help determine appropriate action. The simulated sediment concentrations of the river were comparable to observed data from November 1994 to November 2001. For the base condition, the sediment load was 135,000 kg/d from surface erosion and 1,300,000 kg/d from bank erosion. Increasing the buffer strip from existing 50 to 80 percent to 100 percent of stream segments would only reduce surface erosion to 70,400 kg/d with little change in sediment concentrations. Eliminating riverbank erosion would reduce the sediment load from 920,000 to 87,700 kg/d. The bank stabilization project would not only lower suspended sediment concentrations for Muddy Creek, but also reduce the lake sediment accumulation in the downstream Lake Rhodhiss by approximately 13 percent.     

露天煤矿的土地复垦

本文论术字露天煤矿土地复垦的现状，着重了矿区土地地复垦规划，提出了一个土地复垦规划的模型，并且对复垦方向的选择和复垦控制进行了初步的探讨。     

松花江干流洪水预测和影响评估及对策建议

根据历史数据,分析了松花江干流(哈尔滨段)水位变化的历史规律和典型洪水年洪水的成因,计算和分析了其与松花江、嫩江、二松流域面雨量的相关性,统计和分析了其与拉尼娜、厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子等的关系.利用方差周期和均生函数方法,建立了2004-2013年拉尼娜、厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子及松花江、嫩江、二松流域面雨量的预测方法,并进行了预测,建立了松花江干流(哈尔滨段)最高水位趋势的综合预测方法,得出了2004-2013年的预测值.提出了相应治理的对策建议.     

重大危险源安全监管信息系统的开发研究

从重大危险源安全监管的现实需要出发,研究了重大危险源企业安全管理与政府安全监管信息系统的总体框架及其软、硬件结构,并开发出了重大危险源安全监管信息系统。该系统主要包括重大危险源辨识、安全评价与分级、远程实时监控、GIS电子地图、GPS定位、应急救援预案及指挥、选址与安全规划等子系统,为我国建立全国重大危险源监控信息网络系统提供了一个标准的、先进的信息化平台。该信息系统已经在江苏、山东、河北等省重大危险源监控网络系统建设试点中得到了广泛应用,提高了重大危险源监管水平,取得了良好的效果。     

建立大黄山旅游圈的总体发展规划

随着徽杭高速公路的开通,打造大黄山旅游圈成了当前发展安徽省旅游的一个热点.锻造大黄山旅游圈概念,将黄山的文化优势转化为经济优势,并将黄山-九华山-太平湖以及周边众多人文景观和自然景观等旅游景点由单一的观光旅游转化为复合型、立体型的旅游,提升黄山旅游的档次和品位.在提升世界双遗产黄山观光产品的基础上,着力开发世界文化遗产皖南古村落的徽州文化体验与皖南山水休闲度假产品.加强区际协调,实行"东进北拓西联"战略,以旅游产业接轨为突破口,以旅游经济一体化为先导,借助杭州、苏州和上海大都市建设平台,主动融入长江三角洲经济圈,把黄山建成著名的旅游目的地和"长三角"的后花园.