Removal of antimony from antimony mine flotation wastewater by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes

Antimony (Sb) has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater from a heavy antimony polluted area, and the mechanism of removing Sb was also investigated. The study focused on the effect of operation parameters such as current density, initial pH and standing time on the Sb removal efficiency. Antimony concentration of below 1 mg/L in the treated wastewater was achieved, which meets the emission standards established by State Department of Environmental Protection and State Administration of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine of China.     

Remediation of a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon in water by photoelectrocatalysis

Photoelectrocatalysis driven by visible light offers a new and potentially powerful technology for the remediation of water contaminated by organo-xenobiotics. In this study, the performance of a visible light-driven photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) batch reactor, applying a tungsten trioxide (WO₃) photoelectrode, to degrade the model pollutant 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was monitored both by toxicological assessment (biosensing) and chemical analysis. The bacterial biosensor used to assess the presence of toxicity of the parent molecule and its breakdown products was a multicopy plasmid lux-marked E. coli HB101 pUCD607. The bacterial biosensor traced the removal of 2,4-DCP, and in some case, its toxicity response suggests the identification of transient toxic intermediates. The loss of the parent molecule, 2,4-DCP determined by HPLC, corresponded to the recorded photocurrents. Photoelectrocatalysis offers considerable potential for the remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, and that the biosensor based toxicity results identified likely compatibility of this technology with conventional, biological wastewater treatment.     

烧结烟气中SO3的测定

建立了烧结烟气中SO3的检测技术,包括SO3的采集装置和测定方法。实验结果表明:质量分数为80%的异丙醇适宜作为吸收液,方法的回收率为95.79%~102.80%,相对标准偏差为0.46%~1.38%。该技术能有效消除烟气中粉尘及SO2对测定的干扰,具有准确、可靠、方便等特点,可应用于烧结烟气脱硫等装置日常运行中SO3含量的测定。     

纳米Co-B-P非晶态合金的合成及其对PH_3分解的催化作用

用化学还原法合成了纳米Co-B-P非晶态合金,用电感耦合等离子体光谱(ICP)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和差热分析(DSC)等手段对其进行了物性表征,并用微型催化反应装置考察了其对PH_3分解的催化作用。结果表明,非晶态合金Co-B-P对PH_3的分解具有良好的催化作用。在420℃分解率达到85%, 480℃达97%,500℃达100%,而且温度继续升高至600℃,分解率没有下降趋势,说明催化剂有比较高的热稳定性。     

纳米TiO2光阴极保护的应用

TiO2涂层的光电化学防腐蚀性能的研究还处于初期,主要是理论探索方面的研究.介绍了TiO2作为光阴极保护材料的原理、应用价值、特点以及今后发展的趋势.     

Chronic study of arsenic trioxide-induced hepatotoxicity in relation to arsenic liver accumulation in rats

This study measured activities of serum enzymes alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), markers of liver function in albino rats after continuous ingestion of arsenic trioxide (As₂0₃). For the study, treated animals were given AS₂O₃ (0.2 mg/100 g/day) orally for 180 days. After the completion of treatment, the blood was collected for the estimation of serum biochemical markers. The results obtained were compared with control group. Data showed a significant increase in SGOT and SGPT activity after 60 days of As₂0₃ administration. The level of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase increased significantly after 90 and 120 days, respectively. Since the elevation of these serum enzymes is an indicator of hepatic damage, data indicate that As₂O₃ produces hepatotoxicity. When taken continuously, arsenic was also deposited in liver and blood and affected the enzymatic pathways. Total accumulated arsenic was determined by HG-AAS at 193.7 nm.     

水浮莲干体吸附去除水中的锑(Ⅲ)

以水浮莲干体为生物吸附剂,考察不同吸附时间、初始pH、水浮莲干体量、摇床转速和反应温度等因素对废水中锑(Ⅲ)的吸附影响;同时通过FTIR、动力学模型以及等温吸附模型等对吸附机理进行研究。结果表明:Sb3+初始浓度为50 mg/L、溶液初始pH为6.8、水浮莲干体用量为1.0 g/25 mL、于(25±1)℃的恒温振荡摇床中以100 r/min振荡吸附反应120 min后,吸附率可达76.8%。水浮莲干体对Sb3+的吸附是一个快速的过程,前10 min的吸附率为52.7%,60 min达到吸附平衡;初始pH对Sb3+的吸附有显著的影响,适宜pH为6.8;在一定范围内,干体量的增加、摇床转速的增大以及温度的升高都会导致吸附率升高。结合FTIR谱图分析得出吸附为化学、物理吸附;准二级动力学模型比准一级动力学模型能更好地描述水浮莲干体对Sb3+的吸附过程;Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温模型均适合对吸附过程进行拟合,但Lang-muir模型能更好地反映吸附特性,298 K时最大吸附量为1.394 mg/g。水浮莲干体对Sb3+有良好的吸附效果,可用于处理含锑废水,达到以废治废的目的。     

铁锰复合氧化物同时吸附锑镉性能研究

以五价锑（Sb（V））和镉（Cd²⁺）为对象,考察了二者单独存在和共存体系下铁锰复合氧化物（FMBO）对其吸附性能,探讨了Sb（V）（或Cd²⁺）的吸附对Cd²⁺（或Sb（V））吸附的影响.研究发现,单独存在体系下Sb（V）和Cd²⁺的吸附常数K_F分别为0.48和1.13 L·mg^-1,而共存体系下则分别提高至1.88和1.51 L·mg^-1;Elovich动力学模型可较好地描述共存条件下Cd²⁺与Sb（V）在FMBO表面的吸附,表明该体系的吸附为多层吸附且为非均相扩散过程;吸附48 h后Sb（V）和Cd²⁺的最大吸附量分别达到0.32和1.43 mmol·g^-1;Sb（V）在偏酸性而Cd²⁺在偏碱性pH范围具有较好的吸附效果.Sb（V）（或Cd²⁺）通过改变FMBO表面ζ电位和反应平衡pH等机制影响Cd²⁺（或Sb（V））的吸附.此外,XPS和吸附后水相铁锰浓度结果显示,Cd²⁺可能与FMBO体相中Mn²⁺进行晶格置换并促进Mn²⁺的溶出,进而促进了Sb（V）的吸附.     

锑矿区土壤As和Sb形态分布及生态风险评价

以晴隆锑矿区土壤为研究对象,利用连续提取法对土壤中As、Sb的形态分布和生物可利用性进行了研究,并分别利用单因子指数和生态风险指数评价了研究区土壤中As、Sb污染程度和生态危害风险。结果表明,土壤样品中As尤其Sb含量很高,不同采样点含量差别较大。土壤As、Sb的存在形态均以残渣态为主,其次是可还原态、可氧化态、弱酸提取态,水溶态很低。土壤中生物可利用态砷占0.01%~1.08%,其含量为0.001~0.347mg/kg,而土壤中生物可利用态锑占0.08%~3.26%,其含量为0.002~14.107mg/kg。从单因子污染评价看,研究区土壤Sb污染远大于As污染,且大多属于重度污染。土壤中两种金属的综合污染指数(RI)为14.59~1970.98,锑矿区总体处于轻度生态危害,部分区域Sb污染应引起重视。     

原子荧光光谱法测定环境空气中锑

采用过氯乙烯滤膜采集环境空气中锑,盐酸-氢氟酸混酸体系微波消解滤膜,原子荧光光谱法测定锑。方法前处理操作过程简单、省时、酸用量少、环境污染小,方法的灵敏度和准确度都有很大的提高。采样体积为300L时,空气中锑的最低检出质量浓度为0.002mg／m3。