液体吸收法脱除烟气中二氧化硫的研究

对烟气中SO2有机吸收剂进行了筛选，研究出一种新型烟气脱硫吸收剂－二甲基亚砜加Mn^2 。与纯二甲基亚砜相比，添加Mn^2 对烟气脱硫效率有较大的影响。同时还进行了工艺条件试验，并对新型烟气脱硫吸收剂的吸收机理进行了探讨。     

可再生湿法烟气脱硫过程有机胺吸收液中硫酸根的测定

为了快速准确测定可再生湿法烟气脱硫过程有机胺吸收液中的p(SO2-4),建立了以茜素红为指示剂,用BaCl2直接滴定测定有机胺吸收液中p(SO2-4)的方法.实验结果表明:当试样pH为4.0 ～4.5时,方法的相对误差为0.28％-0.62％,加标回收率均在97％以上;SO2-3的存在会使p(SO2-4)的测定结果偏大...     

新型生物膜-微絮凝滤池与高密度沉淀-纤维转盘过滤深度处理污水厂尾水效能对比

为进一步去除污水厂二级处理出水中的氮、磷和悬浮污染物,对比研究了一种新型生物膜-微絮凝滤池与高密度沉淀-纤维转盘过滤联用工艺(以下简称组合工艺)的深度处理性能。结果表明：新型生物膜-微絮凝过滤的出水TP质量浓度≤0.1 mg·L⁻¹、$ {{\rm{PO}}_4^{3 - }}$-P质量浓度≤0.05 mg·L⁻¹、SS质量浓度≤10 mg·L⁻¹、TN质量浓度≤2 mg·L⁻¹、$ { {\rm{NO}}_3^ - }$-N质量浓度≤0.5 mg·L⁻¹;出水水质对受纳水体的环境影响小,综合污染指数仅为0.731,远小于组合工艺的2.734。此外,新型生物膜-微絮凝滤池避免了频繁的反冲洗,降低了反冲洗能耗,水处理成本仅为0.207元·m⁻³,比组合工艺低0.039元·m⁻³。     

飞灰及其混合脱硫剂浆液脱硫特性的实验研究

从碱性物溶出率和脱硫容量两个方面，对杭州地区3种电厂飞灰和飞灰－大理石混合脱硫剂进行了实验研究。结果表明，降低pH值有利于飞灰中碱性物的溶出，pH为5－8时，飞灰中碱性物溶出率约为30％。不同电厂飞灰的脱硫容量差异较大，为0.12-0.25gSO2/g飞灰，相当于石灰石脱硫容量的23％－48％。飞灰－大理石混合脱硫剂中飞灰与大理石之间具有相互协同促进作用，对飞灰：大理石为1：1的混合脱硫剂，其脱硫容量Ws60比大理石提高了30％。当脱硫率要求不太高时，可考虑使用飞灰－大理石混合脱硫剂，以部分或全部取代石灰石脱硫剂，从而大大降低脱硫剂成本。     

A case study of bats and white‐nose syndrome demonstrating how to model population viability with evolutionary effects

Ecological factors generally affect population viability on rapid time scales. Traditional population viability analyses (PVA) therefore focus on alleviating ecological pressures, discounting potential evolutionary impacts on individual phenotypes. Recent studies of evolutionary rescue (ER) focus on cases in which severe, environmentally induced population bottlenecks trigger a rapid evolutionary response that can potentially reverse demographic threats. ER models have focused on shifting genetics and resulting population recovery, but no one has explored how to incorporate those findings into PVA. We integrated ER into PVA to identify the critical decision interval for evolutionary rescue (DIER) under which targeted conservation action should be applied to buffer populations undergoing ER against extinction from stochastic events and to determine the most appropriate vital rate to target to promote population recovery. We applied this model to little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) affected by white‐nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease causing massive declines in several North American bat populations. Under the ER scenario, the model predicted that the DIER period for little brown bats was within 11 years of initial WNS emergence, after which they stabilized at a positive growth rate (λ = 1.05). By comparing our model results with population trajectories of multiple infected hibernacula across the WNS range, we concluded that ER is a potential explanation of observed little brown bat population trajectories across multiple hibernacula within the affected range. Our approach provides a tool that can be used by all managers to provide testable hypotheses regarding the occurrence of ER in declining populations, suggest empirical studies to better parameterize the population genetics and conservation‐relevant vital rates, and identify the DIER period during which management strategies will be most effective for species conservation.     

高通量中子发生器排放气体中氚去除研究 Ⅱ.回收率与干燥剂性能间的关系

净化含氚气体大多是采用氧化-吸收法。在一定的温度下,催化剂使氚气快速氧化成氚水,然后用干燥剂吸收。净化效率不仅取决于催化-氧化效率,而且取决于干燥剂吸收氚水的能力。 我们分别对A_(12),A_(10),A_7,A_(13),A_(14),A_9,A_(16),A_(17)等干燥剂的性能进行了研究,比较了部分试剂的干燥能力、吸收容量、机械强度及不同温度下的解吸能力,为除氚工艺及共装置的设计提供了参数。     

污泥含碳吸附剂的制备与应用研究

综述了城市污水污泥制备含碳吸附剂的影响因素,产品吸附剂的物理化学性质以及在环境污染治理中的应用,指出了污泥含碳吸附剂今后研究的方向.     

新型含能化合物的热危险性计算预测

简要介绍了含能材料的热危险性评价,进而提出了一套用于计算预测热危险性的方法,并对高能量密度化合物、有机叠氮化合物、笼形多硝基烷烃化合物进行了热危险性预测.结果表明,目前常见高能量密度化合物的热危险性均小于NG.在选取的有机叠氮化合物中叠氮乙酰的热危险性较大,对甲基叠氮苯热危险性相对较小.立方烷和金刚烷上引人硝基后,热危险性增大,并随硝基数量的增多而增大.该计算方法和预测结果对评估含能材料热危险性有一定的参考意义.     

Performance analysis of a new sustainable evaporative cooling pad made from coconut coir

This paper reports a performance analysis for a new sustainable engineering application to beneficially reuse an abundant agricultural waste, coconut coir (Cocos nucifera), in evaporative cooling pads. Two small coconut coir pads of different configurations were fabricated and tested using a laboratory‐scale experimental arrangement. The air supply velocity was controlled and varied between 1.88 and 2.79 m s^?1. Heat and mass transfer coefficients, evaporative cooling efficiency and pressure drop across the two types of coconut coir pad were analysed and compared with those of a commercial rigid media paper pad. Results show that the cooling efficiency of the manufactured coconut coir evaporative cooling pad was fairly good (about 50%) and close to that of the commercial paper pad (about 47%). The average pressure drop across the two coconut coir pads was 1.5 and 5.1 Pa respectively. Correlations for heat and mass transfer coefficients expressed using Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are also reported. In addition, the cooling potential of the coconut coir pads was analysed using the average climatic conditions of the central region in Thailand throughout the year. The analysis showed that the air temperature leaving the coconut coir pad varied from 23 to 28°C. Commercial development appears feasible given the coconut coir pad's good performance, lower cost and its availability throughout the country.     

稀土氧化物在烟气脱硫过程中的应用研究进展

目前烟气脱硫是控制ＳＯ２排放最有效的途径之一。本文综述了以稀土氧化物作为吸收剂或催化剂在烟气脱硫过程中应用的研究进展,重点介绍了稀土氧化物吸收或催化脱硫反应的机理及特殊性能,并对稀土氧化物材料吸收或催化脱硫方法的特点及应用前景进行了讨论。