小球藻对新杀虫剂HNPC-A9908的富集与降解

HNPC-A9908[O-(3-苯氧苄基)-2-甲硫基-1-(4-氯苯基)丙基酮肟醚]是国家南方农药创制中心湖南基地研制成功的具有自主知识产权的一种新型杀虫剂.作者研究了蛋白核小球藻对HNPC-A9908的富集与降解.结果表明,蛋白核小球藻具有降解HNPC-A9908的能力,在20,100,400mg/L的浓度下,5d内HNPC-A9908的降解率分别为90.50%、66.02%和43.19%,日平均降解速率分别为3.60,13.20,34.55mg/L,其降解动力学方程可用二级反应动力学方程很好地拟合,拟合度达到83%以上.此外,蛋白核小球藻对HNPC-A9908也具有一定的富集能力,当浓度为20,100,400mg/L时达到最大富集的时间分别为24,48,48h,富集量分别为11.58,15.15,16.42mg/gFW,此后随时间的延长而逐步降低.     

MDEA-TETA混合液捕集电厂烟气中CO2的实验研究

分别以MDEA溶液和MDEA-TETA混合液为吸收剂对电厂烟气中的CO_2进行捕集.在相同的实验条件下,研究了吸收时间、吸收液浓度配比和反应温度对CO_2吸收率的影响,并对两种吸收剂的吸收效果进行对比分析.结果表明:吸收效率随着温度的升高而下降,温度低于45℃时,混胺吸收剂MDEA-TETA的吸收效率受温度的影响显著,温度高于45℃时,单一吸收剂MDEA的活化性能大幅度增强.MDEA-TETA混合液中两种胺的配比为6∶1,反应温度在25~65℃内,反应时间在5~20 min内时CO_2的吸收效果较佳,吸收率达90%以上,不同配比的混胺吸收剂的吸收效果均优于MDEA的吸收效果.     

菌株qy37吸附包埋固定化的脱氮效果研究

以对异养硝化好氧反硝化菌菌株qy37固定化后的脱氮效果为考察标准,分别研究了不同的吸附、包埋固定化载体和方式对固定化脱氮效果的影响。研究结果表明:以碳纳米管、多孔陶粒、活性炭、石墨四种材料为吸附固定化载体时,纳碳纳米材料的吸附固定化脱氮效果最好,脱氮率可达94%;以海藻酸钠(SA)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)制成的SA、PVA、PVA-SA、PVA-SA-活性炭和PVA-SA-纳米材料小球为包埋固定化载体时,PVA和SA混合作为包埋剂固定效果要好于单独作为包埋剂,包埋剂PVA和添加剂SA最佳包埋比是10:1;吸附材料作为强化剂一起包埋的复合式包埋有助于提高固定化小球的稳定性和固定化效果,脱氮率提高5%。其中纳米材料作为强化剂的包埋固定化脱氮效果要优于活性炭,脱氮率可达到85%。强化剂活性炭、纳米材料最佳包埋比是5:4。吸附固定化整体脱氮效率优于包埋固定化。     

新型吸收剂净化吸收甲苯废气的实验研究

选择柠檬酸钠水溶液、Tween-20水溶液、檬酸钠-Tween-20混合水溶液、新型矿物油及新型矿物油-水作为研究对象,实验研究对比了几种吸收剂对甲苯废气的吸收效果。通过实验分析可知,檬酸钠水体系对甲苯废气吸收能力有限,加入盐类可小幅增强其水体系对于甲苯废气的吸收效果,其中Tween-20水溶液吸收剂对甲苯废气吸收率较柠檬酸钠水体系高;新型矿物油对甲苯废气有着较好的处理效果,吸收率最高可达97%,而新型矿物油-水混合吸收剂中单位体积新型矿物油对甲苯废气吸收率较新型矿物油吸收剂提高45%,且具有吸收效率高、分散性好、再生成本低的优点。     

吸附法除氟技术的原理与方法

在水处理中应用的除氟的方法主要有：沉淀法、吸附法、电凝聚法、电渗析法、反渗透法和离子交换法等,其中吸附法是处理高含氟水的重要方法。本文重点介绍了几种常用的及新型的氟吸附剂的特点及应用概况,其中包括：铝盐吸附剂、铁盐吸附剂、稀土类吸附剂、生物类吸附剂以及其他类型的吸附剂;介绍了几种常用的及新型的氟吸附剂的除氟作用机理,并对今后的除氟研究进行了展望。     

吸附硝基苯酚的超高交联树脂微波辅助再生研究

以NDA-150超高交联树脂为吸附剂,邻硝基苯酚为吸附质,氢氧化钠稀溶液为脱附剂,采用微波间歇辐照脱附的方法,对吸附了邻硝基苯酚树脂的再生过程进行了研究。实验结果表明,采用多次、短时间微波辐照时,脱附体系温升速率随初始温度的不断升高而降低;利用这一特点对脱附体系进行辐照,可有效避免体系内“热点”现象的出现。邻硝基苯酚的脱附率随微波辐照时间的增加平缓上升,却随脱附剂浓度的增加而迅速上升,再生过程受脱附剂在树脂孔道内的扩散控制。树脂经多批次微波辐照,吸附性能和化学结构保持稳定。     

Imperfect Replacement of Native Species by Non‐Native Species as Pollinators of Endemic Hawaiian Plants

Native plant species that have lost their mutualist partners may require non‐native pollinators or seed dispersers to maintain reproduction. When natives are highly specialized, however, it appears doubtful that introduced generalists will partner effectively with them. We used visitation observations and pollination treatments (experimental manipulations of pollen transfer) to examine relationships between the introduced, generalist Japanese White‐eye (Zosterops japonicus) and 3 endemic Hawaiian plant species (Clermontia parviflora, C. montis‐loa, and C. hawaiiensis). These plants are characterized by curved, tubular flowers, apparently adapted for pollination by curve‐billed Hawaiian honeycreepers. Z. japonicus were responsible for over 80% of visits to flowers of the small‐flowered C. parviflora and the midsize‐flowered C. montis‐loa. Z. japonicus‐visited flowers set significantly more seed than did bagged flowers. Z. japonicus also demonstrated the potential to act as an occasional Clermontia seed disperser, although ground‐based frugivory by non‐native mammals likely dominates seed dispersal. The large‐flowered C. hawaiiensis received no visitation by any birds during observations. Unmanipulated and bagged C. hawaiiensis flowers set similar numbers of seeds. Direct examination of Z. japonicus and Clermontia morphologies suggests a mismatch between Z. japonicus bill morphology and C. hawaiiensis flower morphology. In combination, our results suggest that Z. japonicus has established an effective pollination relationship with C. parviflora and C. montis‐loa and that the large flowers of C. hawaiiensis preclude effective visitation by Z. japonicus. Remplazo Imperfecto de Especies Nativas por Especies No‐Nativas como Polinizadores de Plantas Endémicas de Hawaii     

紫外线吸收剂废水处理工程实例

紫外线吸收剂废水属于典型高浓度有机酸性高盐废水,难以生物降解,首先分析了紫外线吸收剂废水国内外处理现状,然后介绍江苏省某紫外线吸收剂企业废水处理工程的工艺参数、调试过程和运行效果,并对相关问题进行了分析,最后进行了总结。工程设计处理能力为240 m3/d,采用蒸发析盐和萃取分质处理并结合生化工艺,出水水质指标达到并高于化工园区废水接管标准。该处理工艺的成功运行对于同行业废水治理具有一定参考价值。     

You are What You Eat: Meat, Novel Protein Foods, and Consumptive Freedom

Animal husbandry has been accused ofmaltreating animals, polluting the environment, and soon. These accusations were thought to be answered whenthe Dutch research program ``Sustainable TechnologicalDevelopment' (STD) suggested a government-initiatedconversion from meat to novel protein foods (NPFs).STD reasoned that if consumers converted from meat toNPFs, non-sustainable animal husbandry would no longerbe needed. Whereas STD only worried about how toconstruct NPFs with a meat bite, this paper drawsattention to the presumed, but problematic, role forthe government in the execution of the STDsuggestions. Although vegetarians take the credo ``YouAre What You Eat' literally and accuse non-vegetariansof being beasts, a different interpretation is morepromising: eating meat has become a leading thread inmany lifestyles and narratives of self-identity. Sincethe freedom to follow your own lifestyle orconsumptive preferences is a core value incontemporary affluent societies, governmentintervention in the formation and satisfaction ofconsumer preferences for meat dishes is a precariousissue. Hence, NPFs might be interesting for a smallfraction of society, but we had better not expect toomuch from a government-initiated conversion from meatto NPFs as the answer to animal husbandry'sproblems.     

镁砂吸附剂的制备及其脱硫性能研究

以辽宁省大石桥市廉价镁砂为主原料,制备具有吸附功能的氧化镁吸附剂.活化后的吸附剂硫容较低,本文采用添加Na2CO3的方法提高吸附剂硫容.结果表明,采用饱和Na2CO3浸渍100 min,吸附剂硫容比原来提高两倍多.利用活化并添加助剂后的吸附剂进行脱硫试验,结果表明,当V(O2)∶V(SO2)=6～8、烟气温度为120～150 ℃、气体流量比V(H2O)∶V(O2)=2～4、SO2初始质量浓度为1 500～3 000 mg/m3、床层高度为5～7 cm时,脱硫效率达到92%.