高强铝合金超塑挤压成形

主要介绍了工业牌号高强铝合金在供应态或经简单预处理后在通用油压机上超塑成形的实例,并分析探讨了非理想组织材料超塑成形中微观组织的变化。     

污水污泥低温热解处理技术研究

污水污泥低温热解是一种发展中的能量回收型污泥热化学处理技术。本研究对此过程进行了间歇实验研究,取得了最高能量回收率时的反应条件。以此为基础并结合文献数据,讨论了过程的能量平衡影响因素和经济估算问题。结果表明,最优反应条件为：反应温度270℃,停留时间30min;全过程能量平衡主要受脱水泥饼含水率影响,临界含水率78%;过程处理成本低于焚烧法。     

Evaluating the potential of biodiesel (via recycled cooking oil) use in Singapore,an urban city

Singapore has pledged to attain 7–11% Business-As-Usual carbon emissions reduction by 2020. About 19% of CO₂ contribution stemmed from road transport in 2005. Commercial vehicles, which uses mainly diesel, consumed 695 million litres diesel in 2012. An estimated 115,585 tonnes or 127 million litres cooking oils (derived from seeds/fruits) were consumed in 2010, in which the bulk of used cooking oil is re-incorporated into the food preparation process while only a small amount is being recycled into biodiesel or disposed into the sewerage. Nevertheless, the present research reveals that biodiesel derived from spent cooking oil has potential to be a viable fuel supplement. Surveys were carried out involving three market segments – suppliers, processors and end-users – to identify the barriers and obstacles in mass production of biodiesel. A key enabler of biodiesel as a fuel supplement towards a greener environment lies in government mandate/policies in promoting greater biodiesel usage.     

Material flow analysis of lubricating oil use in California

Petroleum lubricating oils, used throughout the economy, are distinct among petroleum products in their capacity to be recovered and recycled at the end of their useful life. Used lubricating oil is regulated at the state and federal level because of concerns about environmental impacts arising from improper disposal, although rates of recovery are not known. We present a material flow analysis of lubricants through California's economy in the years 2007–2012. We introduce a novel technique for computing aggregate waste generation from a collection of hazardous waste manifest records, and apply it in order to determine a recovery rate for used oil and to estimate the quantity of oil managed informally in the state. The records also offer a detailed view of the fate of used oils after they are recovered. We find that around 62% of lubricants are recoverable at end of life, of which 70–80% is being recovered. This rate shows a slight downward trend. If the trend is accurate, measures should be taken to improve the performance of the used oil management system. Policy opportunities exist to reduce the quantity of oil managed informally through improving access to responsible used oil management methods. These include increasing the collection of used oil from industrial sources as well as “do it yourself” oil changes, expanding in-state reprocessing capacity, and promoting increased out-of-state reprocessing of used oil. Our methods introduce new possibilities to make use of direct observation in material flow analysis, potentially improving data availability and quality and increasing the relevance of material flow methods in policy applications.     

使用撬装式生物反应器处理含油污泥的现场试验

以长庆油田华池作业区93#井场的修井油泥为对象,添加石油降解菌剂、营养盐、膨松剂,使用撬装式生物反应器控制反应温度及提供全面的机械搅拌增进溶氧量与营养物质的传递速率,对初始含油量为7.24%的含油污泥进行24d的生物强化降解后,含油量下降为0.23%。结果表明,使用撬装式生物反应器可以使微生物快速高效的降解石油污染物,...     

舟山港港口油污应急计划

分析了舟山港潜在的溢油风险，建立了舟山港港口油污应急指挥机构、应急反应程序及应急设备配置。提供了溢油处置方案建议。     

动态斜面(DIP)式溢油回收技术

:JBF环境技术公司生产的高效溢油回收设备的成功之处来自于独特的动态斜面的技术。可连续移动的皮带 (斜面 )可以产生水动力路径 ,可以迫使遭遇到斜面的油随之流动。因此 ,JBF设计生产的收油系统能以最高的效率在最大可能的操作环境下回收水面的各种油类。     

广州港近年船舶油污事故的分析

广州港辖区近年来船舶油污事故不断，但相应的油污防备、反应、立法仍没有实质性的进展。文中就典型事故作了分析，提出了对船舶油污防备的建议。     

浅谈溢油模型的发展及其应用设想

在溢油模型模拟溢油扩散、漂移的轨迹及其归宿的基础上提出溢油反向运算既反推的发展设想，扩展其功能，增加其应用，形成完整的溢油模型，并将该溢油模型运用于海事管理工作中，为海事管理工作服务。     

溶剂萃取--蒸汽蒸馏法处理含油污泥

为了实现含油污泥的资源化和无害化，对含油污泥进行了室温下的三氯甲烷溶剂萃取，然后在温度３２０～４８０℃、压力０．２ＭＰａ下进行水蒸汽蒸馏０～９０ｍｉｎ的掊油实验，结果表明含油污泥中加入３倍的萃取溶剂进行萃取，再按１ｇ油泥加０．５ｍＬ的水在４００℃下蒸馏，４５ｍｉｎ效果较好，脱油率达８０％～９５％。