燃煤锅炉水蒸气促燃的理论研究

针对小型火力热电厂中小吨位燃煤锅炉应用现状 ,结合固体燃煤燃烧的机理 ,在详细分析常见锅炉工作原理和燃烧反应特性的基础上 ,提出了用水蒸气促燃降污节能的理论 ,水蒸气介入后促燃化学模型和物理模型的建立 ,证明了这一理论的可行性     

Comparative investigation of coal- and oil-fired boilers based on emission factors, ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potentials of VOCs

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) are the important precursors of the tropospheric ozone(O_3) and secondary organic aerosols(SOA),both of which are known to harm human health and disrupt the earth's climate system.In this study,VOC emission factors,O_3 and SOA formation potentials were estimated for two types of industrial boilers:coal-fired boilers(n=3) and oil-fired boilers(n=3).Results showed that EVOCs concentrations were more than nine times higher for oil-fire d boilers compared to those for coal-fired boilers.Emission factors of ΣVOCs were found to be higher for oil-fired boilers(9.26-32.83 mg-VOC/kg) than for coal-fired boilers(1.57-4.13 mg-VOC/kg).Alkanes and aromatics were obtained as the most abundant groups in coal-fired boilers,while oxygenated organics and aromatics were the most contributing groups in oil-fired boilers.Benzene,n-hexane and o-ethyl toluene were the abundant VOC species in coal-fired boiler emissions,whereas toluene was the most abundant VOC species emitted from oil-fired boilers.O_3 and SOA formation potentials were found 12 and 18 times,respectively,higher for oil-fired than for coal-fired boilers.Total OFP ranged from 3.99 to 11.39 mg-O_3/kg for coal-fired boilers.For oil-fired boilers,total OFP ranged from 36.16 to 131.93 mg-O_3/kg.Moreover,total secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP) ranged from 65.4 to 122.5 mg-SOA/kg and 779.9 to 2252.5 mg-SOA/kg for the coal-fired and oil-fired boilers,respectively.     

双层炉排锅炉如何正确操作

根据双层炉排锅炉的特点，从锅炉的安装、点火、燃烧的调节、调风、停炉和调火六个方面阐述了正确操作的方法。     

稠油废水回用热采锅炉除硅试验研究

以红浅稠油区稠油废水为研究对象,在高温条件下(70℃以上),选用常规钙镁除硅工艺和混凝强化除硅工艺进行了除硅的试验研究。结果表明,经过两种工艺的处理,出水二氧化硅的含量均能达到回用热采锅炉的标准,但采用混凝强化工艺在技术上更为合理,经济上更为可行。     

燃油锅炉噪声控制设计

为改善大气质量环境,多数城市市区淘汰了小型燃煤锅炉,以集中供热或燃油锅炉取而代之,由于燃油锅炉多安装在机关小院或居民小区内,运行中辐射较强的噪声,影响人们的工作和生活,必须加以控制。针对燃油锅炉噪声频谱特性进行分析,提出合理的治理措施,并通过工程实施验证了设计方案的正确性,给燃油锅炉噪声控制提供了可借鉴的经验。     

Simulation on an optimal combustion control strategy for 3-D temperature distributions in tangentially pc-fired utility boiler furnaces

The control of 3-D temperature distribution in a utility boiler fumace is essential for the safe, economic and clean operation of pc-fired fumace with multi-burner system. The development of the visualization of 3-D temperature distributions in pcfired fumaces makes it possible for a new combustion control strategy directly with the fumace temperature as its goal to improve the control quality for the combustion processes. Studied in this paper is such a new strategy that the whole fumace is divided into several parts in the vertical direction, and the average temperature and its bias from the center in every cross section can be extracted from the visualization results of the3-D temperature distributions. In the simulation stage, a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code served to calculate the 3-D temperature distributions in a furnace, then a linear model was set up to relate the features of the temperature distributions with the input of the combustion processes, such as the flow rates of fuel and air fed into the furnaces through all the bumers. The adaptive genetic algorithm was adopted to find the optimal combination of the whole input parameters which ensure to form an optimal 3-D temperature field in the fumace desired for the operation of boiler. Simulation results showed that the strategy could soon find the factors making the temperature distribution apart from the optimal state and give correct adjusting suggestions.     

常压热水锅炉在安装运行中应注意的几个问题

在我国北方地区广泛使用常压热水锅炉,它与承压热水锅炉在安装和使用方法上有相似之处,但又有本质区别,如安装使用不当就会带来不必要的危害,甚至导致锅炉的损毁或爆炸,因此有必要对常压热水锅炉的安装和运行进行研究和探讨.     

高硫煤增钙粉煤灰矿物组成特性试验研究

粉煤灰的矿物组成是决定粉煤灰资源化水平的重要指标.调整粉煤灰矿物组成,改善其水化活性,是提高粉煤灰资源化水平的重要手段.为获得高硫煤增钙粉煤灰矿物组成变化规律,以高硫长广煤为试验煤种,在两段多相反应实验台上开展了高硫煤增钙粉煤灰矿物组成特性试验研究.对试验获得的粉煤灰样品进行了XRD、SEM和EDS图谱分析.试验结果表明:长广煤原状粉煤灰晶体矿物主要由莫来石、石英、斜铁灰石等非水化活性矿物组成;随着混合煤粉中添加的CaO质量分数在0%～35%范围内逐渐增加,增钙粉煤灰矿物组成中具有水化活性的2CaO·SiO2、3CaO·Al2O3和3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4等矿物出现并逐渐增加,非活性成分逐渐消失,但粉煤灰矿物组成中早强、高强矿物质量分数较低;当混合煤粉中同时添加适量的CaO和MgO,增钙粉煤灰矿物组成中出现了水化活性优良的Q相矿物,且其质量分数达27.2%,粉煤灰矿物组成得到了进一步的调整和优化.高硫煤增钙粉煤灰矿物组成特性试验将为高硫煤增钙粉煤灰资源化提供新的技术选择.     

我国中小型燃煤锅炉SO2排放特征与控制对策

 基于87台中小型燃烟煤层燃炉(£70MW)的燃料特性分析数据和SO2排放实测数据,研究了锅炉出力、过量空气系数、燃煤硫含量对燃烧过程中SO2初始排放浓度的影响,分析了燃煤锅炉SO2排放现状,讨论了我国中小型燃煤锅炉SO2排放管理控制的潜力和可行性.结果表明,在锅炉运行负荷³80%的条件下,SO2初始排放浓度与燃煤硫含量之间具有显著的线性相关性,与锅炉出力和过量空气系数无关;分别有94%和87%的实测锅炉可以满足国家现行排放标准规定的第I和第II时段SO2最高允许排放浓度.     

工业锅炉大气污染物源强核算方法的研究

工业锅炉燃料燃烧过程排放的二氧化硫、氮氧化物、烟粉尘已成为中国大气煤烟型污染和复合型污染的重要诱因,其源强的核算对于大气污染防控、改善空气环境有着重要的意义。详细介绍了环境影响评价过程中工业锅炉废气基本参数的换算、现有锅炉大气污染物实测浓度的折算及新建锅炉大气污染物源强的核算方法,归纳了相关参数、排污系数,并对工业锅炉大气污染物源强核算研究的发展作出了展望,可为从事工业锅炉大气污染防治控制的环保工作者提供参考。