基于流固耦合的充气滑梯安全稳定性研究

大型充气式滑梯的主要失效原因为风载作用下的倾覆。通过分析充气式滑梯在典型风载工况下的受力情况,应用ANSYS软件对充气式滑梯的几种锚固方案进行流固耦合仿真模拟。对仿真结果进行分析,得出该工况下的最佳锚固方案。提出一个校核锚固角度的公式,并计算出锚固绳与地面的角度须在30°~60°。依据分析结果,提出锚固点设置的具体措施,设施的整体高度超过3 m时,须在其主承风面高处位置增设辅助锚固点,以降低倾覆力矩和设施主体变形。     

低温硫铁化合物氧化诱导期试验研究

以设备腐蚀样品和均相沉淀样品为研究对象,运用差示扫描量热法测定硫铁化合物的氧化诱导期,并考察了粒径、升温速率和空气流量对硫铁化合物氧化诱导期的影响。结果表明,两种样品在125~200℃范围内均处于活跃的自热阶段,热稳定性较差,样品粒径在44~74μm范围内,升温速率越小,空气流量越大,样品自燃倾向性越高。     

城市污染河道沉积物有机质的氧化稳定性

为了研究城市河道沉积物有机质的氧化稳定性,以氧化稳定系数(Kos)和腐殖化程度(HA/FA)作为评价指标,在用H2O2处理沉积物的基础上,探讨城市污染河道有机质含量、有机质组成等对氧化稳定性的影响.结果显示,污染河道沉积物有机质含量明显高于自然水生态系统沉积物有机质含量;富里酸(FA)、胡敏酸(HA)、胡敏素(HM)是污染河道沉积物有机质主要赋存形式,其中胡敏素是主体,占全部有机质的65%以上;易氧化有机质(OMr)和难氧化有机质(OMd)与总有机质含量均显著正相关(P0.05);OMd的含量可以更直观地反映河道污染程度;重污染河道沉积物有机质去除量较高;随着有机质的去除,沉积物Kos在总体上有上升的趋势;不同形态有机组分其Kos差异性明显(P0.05),以HM为主的紧结态腐殖质的Kos值最高;用HA/FA和OMr可从大体上表征沉积物的氧化稳定性;HA、FA是影响城市河道沉积物氧化稳定性的主要因素.     

添加SO42-对SCR中V2O5基催化剂性能影响的实验研究

通过实验,研究了添加SO42-对SCR中V2O5基催化剂活性和热稳定性的影响。实验时,在催化剂制作过程中加入硫酸铵,通过浸渍法制得活性物质V2O5的含量均为1%,而SO42-的含量不同的催化剂,并在自制的固定床反应器上,在NH3/NOx为1.0,模拟烟气流量为72L·h-1的条件下对其活性进行了研究。结果表明,当加入的SO42-质量分数为5.01%时,对催化剂活性的提高最显著。随后在TGA92热重-差热分析仪上进行了热重实验,分析结果表明添加的硫酸根可以轻微提高热稳定性,且不会影响电厂SCR催化剂的使用。     

凤凰城旅游景区转让后的效应评价

在我国经济市场化改革的大背景下，转让景区经营权、实行企业化运作成为一些风景名胜区经营管理改革过程中的一种制度创新模式。地处西部大开发战略图中的湘西凤凰县由于在旅游开发中受到了资金缺口和管理瓶颈的双重制约，于2001年底将其辖域内的八大景区（点）的50年经营权转让给了湖南黄龙洞投资股份有限公司。景区经营权转让是一个十分复杂而敏感的话题。本文避开关于景区经营权转让的各种是非争论，基于对旅游地社区各利益主体以及旅游者的实地调查和访谈记录分析，对凤凰景区企业化运作三年来的绩效与影响作了较为客观的评估，并就如何完善景区企业化运作模式、规避经营管理风险和负面影响等提出了相关理论思考和政策建议。     

Study on assessment of slope stability and mixed disposal of overburden in voids of Singrauli Coalfield

The mining industry can be considered the backbone of the Indian economy as well as facilitating the power that drives most of the other industries in the company. The overburden and waste rocks produced during coal mining are major concerns in regard to the amount of land that is required for their disposal, as well as the stability of dumps for these materials, which are of increasing height. Land reclamation issues are also a concern. In this work the adverse impacts caused by the dumping of overburden on land and acidic mine water on water bodies is discussed. Remote sensing tools were used along with the laboratory experimentation to assess the various impacts. This study also shows that silt released from waste dumps, can affected the angle of repose of the overburden dump slope. The angle of repose of the overburden materials varies with particle size composition. Thus, use of in‐pit crushers in large opencast mining operations can effectively reduce the area locked under the waste dumps. The acid neutralization potential of fly ash and overburden for the treatment of acid water was tested in the laboratory by using fly ash and waste rock materials on acidic coalfield water. The results are encouraging, and fly ash may prove to be a good acid neutralizer when used in conjunction of coal overburden material.     

膜法氨水吸收脱除烟气中CO2的研究

以氨水为吸收剂,对聚丙烯中空纤维膜分离烟气中CO2进行了实验研究.结果表明:随着气体流量和入口CO2浓度的增加,CO2去除率下降而传质速率增加;随着氨水浓度和氨水流量的增加,CO2去除率和传质速率均显著增加,但当氨水浓度大于2.5 mol·L-1,吸收液流量大于80m L·min-1后,膜接触器对CO2去除率和传质速率基本保持不变;膜接触器连续运行15 d后其吸收性能显著下降,CO2去除率、传质速率、总传质系数均下降约40%~50%.接触角测量、SEM及XPS表征结果表明:随着操作的进行,聚丙烯膜在吸收液环境中接触角逐渐降低,疏水性减弱,造成膜孔润湿;同时碳酸盐在膜孔形成结晶,堵塞膜孔,使得传质阻力进一步增加,从而造成膜接触器吸收性能的下降.     

长倾向矿体连续回采对采场稳定性的影响

为研究沿倾向延伸较长但不属于深部开采的一类矿体在连续回采时对采场稳定性的影响,采用数值模拟方法对云南某磷矿的地下开采进行了计算,系统分析了采场顶板、矿柱的位移、应力及塑性区等特征在矿体连续回采过程中的变化规律.结果表明,开采深度越大,当前作业采场的顶板沉降越大,而且随着其回采结束,采场顶板位移并不会停止,而是会随着后续采场的开采继续增大直至全部采场作业结束,即采场顶板的位移具有累积效应;另外,随着采场逐渐下移,顶板和矿柱所承受的应力越来越大,塑性区分布范围亦呈扩大态势,表明按照浅部结构参数设置的采场在开采下部矿体时已不能完全满足稳定性和安全性的要求.因此,对于非深部开采但倾向延伸较长的矿体回采,在开采下部矿体时不能简单照搬浅部的采场结构参数进行作业,而应适当增大矿柱尺寸或减小矿房和矿柱间距,以保证采场的持续稳定及矿山生产安全.     

Interaction between Cu and different types of surface-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron during their transport in porous media

This study investigated the interaction between Cu^2 + and nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) coated with three types of stabilizers (i.e., polyacrylic acid [PAA], Tween-20 and starch) by examining the Cu^2 + uptake, colloidal stability and mobility of surface-modified NZVI (SM-NZVI) in the presence of Cu^2 +. The uptake of Cu^2 + by SM-NZVI and the colloidal stability of the Cu-bearing SM-NZVI were examined in batch tests. The results showed that NZVI coated with different modifiers exhibited different affinities for Cu^2 +, which resulted in varying colloidal stability of different SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu^2 +. The presence of Cu^2 + exerted a slight influence on the aggregation and settling of NZVI modified with PAA or Tween-20. However, the presence of Cu^2 + caused significant aggregation and sedimentation of starch-modified NZVI, which is due to Cu^2 + complexation with the starch molecules coated on the surface of the particles. Column experiments were conducted to investigate the co-transport of Cu^2 + in association with SM-NZVI in water-saturated quartz sand. It was presumed that a physical straining mechanism accounted for the retention of Cu-bearing SM-NZVI in the porous media. Moreover, the enhanced aggregation of SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu^2 + may be contributing to this straining effect.     

Succinate-bonded pullulan: An efficient and reusable super-sorbent for cadmium-uptake from spiked high-hardness groundwater

Chemically modified pullulan was evaluated for its sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium(Cd) from spiked high-hardness groundwater(GW). Pullulan esterified with succinic anhydride using dimethylaminopyridine showed a fairly high degree of substitution value as confirmed by1 H NMR spectroscopy. Pullulan succinate(Pull-Suc) was converted into the sodium salt(Pull-Suc-Na). The effect of contact time(5–200 min) and p H(2–8) on Cd-uptake by the sorbent(Pull-Suc-Na) was investigated. The sorbent showed more than 90% Cd-removal in first 15 min from distilled water(DW) and GW solution,respectively. Comparison of Pull-Suc-Na with other polysaccharidal sorbents suggested its high efficiency(DW 476.2 mg/g and GW 454.5 mg/g) and selectivity for the removal of Cd by an ion exchange mechanism, which is further supported by the negative Gibbs free energy values calculated from Langmuir isotherms. A Langmuir isotherm kinetic model provided the best fit for the sorption of Cd using Pull-Suc-Na. The sorbent showed a negligible decrease in Cd-uptake over three regeneration cycles. The thermal stability testing of the sorbents indicated that Pull-Suc-Na(sorbent) is more stable than Pull-Suc.