超细粉煤灰对甲基橙的吸附性能和机理研究

以粉煤灰为原料,通过球磨制得超细粉煤灰,研究了其对水中偶氮染料甲基橙的吸附性能和机理。结果表明,在25℃,pH值为2,投加量为0.7g,反应时间为120min时,粉煤灰对甲基橙的去除率为79.4%,超细粉煤灰对甲基橙的去除率可达93.8%。随温度升高,吸附量降低,证明该吸附为放热过程,并计算不同温度下各热力学参数△G,△H和△S。对实验数据运用相关数学模型拟合,显示等温吸附平衡符合Freundlich吸附等温式,吸附过程动力学更适合二级吸附动力学模型。     

微波混凝技术处理甲基橙模拟废水研究

采用微波混凝技术处理甲基橙模拟偶氮染料废水,对比Fe2(SO4)3、AlCl3、CaCl2、PAC四种混凝剂在有无微波作用条件下,对甲基橙模拟废水的色度去除率效果,表明Fe2(SO4)3的效果最佳,可提高21.4%.重点考察了微波强化混凝剂Fe2(SO4)3,在不同因素,如微波功率、微波辐射时间、pH值、Fe2(SO4...     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using ZnO/TiO composites

ZnO/TiO₂ composites were synthesized by using the solvothermal method and ultrasonic precipitation followed by heat treatment in order to investigate their photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous suspension under UV irradiation. The composition and surface structure of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The degradation efficiencies of MO at various pH values were obtained. The highest degradation efficiencies were obtained before 30min and after 60min at pH 11.0 and pH 2.0, respectively. A sample analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry. Six intermediates were found during the photocatalytic degradation process of quinonoid MO. The degradation pathway of quinonoid MO was also proposed.     

氧化钆掺杂二氧化钛催化超声降解甲基橙的研究

用实验室合成的Gd2O3掺杂TiO2为催化剂,以甲基橙超声降解反应为模型,研究了各种因素对Gd2O3掺杂TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙的影响。研究结果表明,Gd2O3掺杂TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙的效果明显优于非掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO2的情况;在甲基橙溶液pH1．0～3．0、甲基橙质量浓度20mg／L、溶液用量100mL、催化剂用量0．5～1．0g／L的条件下,用输出功率1．0W／cm^2和频率25kHz的超声波照射60min,甲基橙降解率可达98．6％,COD去除率可达99．0％。     

Cu2O-g-C3N4异质结催化剂光催化降解甲基橙

采用水热还原法和高温煅烧法将Cu₂O生长到石墨型氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）表面,制得Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄异质结复合光催化剂。通过XRD、XPS、SEM、TEM、DRS、PL、BET等技术对催化剂进行了表征,研究了Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄降解甲基橙的光催化性能及主要活性物种。实验和表征结果表明： Cu₂O与g-C₃N₄面面接触,两相间化学作用强烈;Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄催化剂能有效利用太阳光,电子-空穴得到有效分离;当n（Cu₂O）∶n（g-C₃N₄）=5∶1时,Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄催化剂的活性最佳,在可见光下反应30 min时,甲基橙降解率达84.1%;Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄具有较好的活性稳定性,重复使用6次,甲基橙降解率降至64.7%;电子-空穴是Cu₂O-g-C₃N₄光催化降解甲基橙的主要活性物种。     

磷钨酸光催化降解甲基橙溶液的研究

以磷钨酸为光催化剂,在紫外灯照射下,对模拟染料废水甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解反应;研究了催化剂加入量、甲基橙初始质量浓度、外加TiO2和氧化剂H2O2、KIO4对甲基橙溶液光催化脱色效果的影响。结果表明:100mL20mg/L甲基橙溶液光催化剂最佳用量80m g;在较低浓度下,甲基橙溶液的光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程;在特定条件下,(TiO2+H3PW12O40)/UV、(H2O2+H3PW12O40)/UV和(KIO4+H3PW12O40)/UV光催化体系对甲基橙溶液光催化脱色效果优于H3PW12O40/UV光催化体系。     

改性泥炭-树脂颗粒对水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附

通过批量实验研究了改性泥炭-树脂颗粒对水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附特性.Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程被用于分析吸附等温数据,准一级动力学模型、准二级动力学模型和颗粒扩散模型被用于吸附动力学实验数据分析.结果表明,改性泥炭-树脂颗粒对水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程,最大吸附量达到71.43 mg·g^-1;颗粒扩散模型能够很好地描述改性泥炭-树脂颗粒对水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附动力学过程,水溶液中染料的初始浓度、颗粒直径、颗粒量及搅拌速度对吸附速率均产生一定的影响.改性泥炭-树脂颗粒对水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ的吸附作用主要发生在颗粒的外表面.     

钛基二氧化铅电极的制备及其对甲基橙的降解

以电沉积法制备Ti/PbO_2电极,采用SEM、XRD、XPS等检测方法分析了Ti/PbO_2电极表面的形貌、物相及元素化学态,发现电极表面镀层的晶相主要为β-PbO_2,并且PbO_2镀层的底层晶胞致密、大小均匀;活性层晶胞粗糙度较大,比表面积大。通过测定电极在甲基橙溶液中的析氧极化曲线得到其析氧电位在1.8V vs.SCE左右,有较高析氧过电位。并采用该电极作阳极,对10mg/L的甲基橙溶液进行降解。结果表明:在电流密度为36mA/cm~2下处理12min可使甲基橙的去除率接近100%,有较高的电催化活性。     

微乳液法合成掺硫纳米TiO_2及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,硫脲为掺硫前驱物,采用聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（Triton X-100）/正己醇/环己烷/氨水的微乳液体系合成了掺硫的纳米TiO2粉体;对其结构进行了表征,以甲基橙为目标降解物考察了其光催化性能。烧结温度通过影响TiO2的晶型转变和颗粒尺寸来影响其光催化性能,随着烧结温度的升高,TiO2的光催化性能先是提高,然后迅速降低;在600℃烧结2 h时催化剂的降解性能达到最佳。掺杂硫可提高TiO2的光催化活性,随着掺杂量的增加,催化剂对甲基橙的降解率先快速增加然后缓慢降低,当掺杂量为S/Ti（摩尔比）=0.01∶1时TiO2的光催化降解效果最好。催化剂在用量较小时迅速提高TiO2的光催化降解性能,而后随着用量的增大反而降低,当催化剂用量为1.5 g/L时,对甲基橙的降解效果最好。     

Electrochemical incineration of high concentration azo dye wastewater on the in situ activated platinum electrode with sustained microwave radiation

In this study, an in situ microwave activated platinum electrode was developed for the first time to completely incinerate the azo dye simulated wastewater containing methyl orange. The experiments were carried out in a circulating system under atmospheric pressure. Azo bond of methyl orange was partly broken on Pt, certain decoloration was reached, and the total organic carbon was not removed effectively without microwave activation. However, methyl orange was mineralized completely and efficiently on the in situ microwave activated Pt. 2,5-Dinitrophenol, p-nitrophenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone, maleic and oxalic acids are the main intermediates during degradation of methyl orange. Aromatic products are the main substances leading to the poisoning of Pt and decrease of electrochemical oxidation efficiency, so methyl orange removal can not be carried out thoroughly. However, the intermediates were broke down quickly with in situ microwave activation promoting the mineralization of methyl orange on Pt.