磁场强化铁碳微电解降解甲基橙的研究

铁碳微电解技术因其操作简单、生态环保和经济高效等优势,常被用于印染废水的治理研究,但该技术存在COD去除率低和适用p H范围窄的问题。为了克服以上问题,引入磁场强化技术。通过批试验,系统考察了初始p H、初始甲基橙浓度、转速和温度等对磁场强化铁碳微电解去除甲基橙过程的影响。研究结果表明:磁场能够显著提升铁碳微电解去除甲基橙和COD的效率,且拓宽了p H的适用范围。结合SEM、XRD和电化学技术表征,阐明了磁场强化铁碳微电解去除甲基橙的机理是磁场能够加速铁碳微电解的腐蚀,产生大量二价铁,从而强化还原去除甲基橙。本研究提出了一种新的强化铁碳微电解高效去除污染物方法。     

陶瓷负载Ag、Ce共掺杂TiO2光催化剂降解甲基橙的研究

以陶瓷为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了银离子和铈离子共掺杂TiO2的负载型光催化剂——T-AC/陶瓷,研究了pH值、双氧水用量、催化剂用量、紫外灯强度、废水的初始浓度等因素对T-AC/陶瓷光催化剂降解甲基橙染料废水的影响。结果表明,当pH为2、双氧水用量为0.5 mL/100 mL、催化剂用量为3 g/L、紫外灯功率为20 W、废水初始浓度为10mg/L时,甲基橙的降解率可达85.9%,并且甲基橙的光催化降解属于一级动力学方程,T-AC/陶瓷催化剂有较高的活性和稳定性,在废水处理中具有较好的应用前景。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备复合光催化剂（MWNTs/TiO_2）工艺条件的研究

以多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）为载体,在煅烧温度200~900℃、煅烧时间1~7 h、溶胶体系pH值为2~10的工艺条件下,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备复合光催化剂（MWNTs/TiO2）。通过其对甲基橙的光催化降解效果对比,评价各种复合光催化剂催化活性之间的差异,结果表明,随着煅烧温度的升高,复合光催化剂中纳米TiO2的晶型由锐钛型逐渐向金红石型转变,500℃时为2种晶型的混合相;pH值为2的强酸性条件有利于形成金红石晶型,pH值为5的中性及弱酸性条件则有利于形成锐钛型,而pH值为3时为2种晶型的混合相;在煅烧温度500℃、煅烧时间3 h、溶胶凝胶体系pH值为3的最佳制备工艺条件下,复合光催化剂催化活性最高,借助扫描电镜发现其TiO2均匀地包覆在多壁碳纳米管管壁上。     

微乳液法合成掺硫纳米TiO2及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,硫脲为掺硫前驱物,采用聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)/正己醇/环己烷/氨水的微乳液体系合成了掺硫的纳米TiO2粉体;对其结构进行了表征,以甲基橙为目标降解物考察了其光催化性能.烧结温度通过影响TiO2的晶型转变和颗粒尺寸来影响其光催化性能,随着烧结温度的升高,TiO2的光催化性能先是...     

H3PMo12O40/活性白土UV - H2O2催化氧化降解甲基橙

采用浸渍吸附法制备了H3PMo12O40/活性白土催化剂,并考察了H3 PMo12O40/活性白土对偶氮染料甲基橙的UV-H2O2降解的催化性能.实验结果表明,当H2O2加入量为0.4 mol/L、H3PMo12O40/活性白土加入量为0.30 g/L、溶液初始pH为2、反应温度为70℃、反应时间为1.0h时,甲基橙去...     

Photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants in aqueous solution by Bi(4)Nb(x)Ta((1-x))O(8)I

In this work, Bi₄Nb_xTa_(1−x)O₈I photocatalysts have been synthesized by solid state reaction method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and UV-Vis near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of these photocatalysts was evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solutions under visible light, UV light and solar irradiation. The effects of catalyst dosage, initial pH and MO concentration on the removal efficiency were studied, and the photocatalytic reaction kinetics of MO degradation as well. The results indicated that Bi₄Nb_xTa_(1−x)O₈I exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the removal of MO in aqueous solutions. For example, the removal efficiency of MO by Bi₄Nb_0.1Ta_0.9O₈I was as high as 92% within 12 h visible light irradiation under the optimal conditions: initial MO concentration of 5-10 mg L⁻¹, catalyst dosage of 6 g L⁻¹ and natural pH (6-8), the MO molecules could be completely degradated by Bi₄Nb_0.1Ta_0.9O₈I within 40 min under UV light irradiation, and the photodegradation efficiency reaches to 60% after 7 h solar irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) was also investigated under visible light irradiation. It is found that 99% BPA could be mineralized by Bi₄Nb_0.1Ta_0.9O₈I after 16 h visible light irradiation. Through HPLC/MS, BOD, TOC, UV-Vis measurements, we determined possible degradation products of MO and BPA. The results indicated that MO was degradated into products which are easier to be biodegradable and innocuous treated, and BPA could be mineralized completely. Furthermore, the possibility for the photosensitization effect in the degradation process of MO under visible light irradiation has been excluded.     

零价铁与双氧水异相Fenton降解活性艳橙X-GN

采用Fe0与H2O2构成异相Fenton体系降解偶氮染料活性艳橙X-GN,考察了初始pH、H2O2和Fe0投加量、温度等对反应过程的影响。实验结果表明,在初始pH值为3.0、Fe0投加量为0.8 g/L、H2O2投加量为5 mmol/L和反应温度30℃的条件下,反应60 min后活性艳橙降解率达到96.2%。Fe0与H2O2投加量都存在一个最佳范围,当Fe0与H2O2浓度大于0.8 g/L和5 mmol/L时,羟基自由基会通过其他方式消耗,致使活性艳橙降解率下降。酸性条件和提高温度均有利于反应的进行。反应符合准一级动力学,表观反应速率常数k为0.064 min-1(30℃),反应活化能为80.62 kJ/mol。UV-Vis光谱扫描表明,反应过程中活性艳橙的发色基团及苯环结构均被破坏。     

银钛共负载型光催化材料降解甲基橙废水

以膨胀珍珠岩为载体,采用溶胶凝胶法对其进行负载,制备出不同类型的光催化材料（TiO2．EP、Ag＋-TiO2-EP）,并在模拟日光条件下,研究其对甲基橙溶液的降解效果。结果表明,浸渍3次且担载0．04％Ag＋的负载型TiO2光催化活性最高,在光催化剂用量为0．3g,20mL初始浓度为10mg／L甲基橙溶液光照4h后降解率可达81．6％,且甲基橙的光催化降解服从一级动力学方程。回收3次后仍有较强的活性,其2h降解率为24．8％。     

共基质下微生物燃料电池同步脱色甲基橙与产电性能

采用双室方形微生物燃料电池(MFC),以葡萄糖作为共基质,研究了共基质浓度对典型偶氮染料甲基橙在MFC阳极室中脱色效率及同步产电的影响。结果表明,在0~1.5 g/L浓度范围内,共基质浓度越大,甲基橙脱色率、COD去除率和最大输出电压越高。在共基质浓度为1.5 g/L,进水甲基橙为300 mg/L的条件下,8 h的脱色率高达95%,且在1 000Ω外电阻下,最大输出电压达到662 m V;在无共基质条件下,8 h内对300 mg/L甲基橙的脱色率仅为7.5%,最大输出电压仅达到140 m V。厌氧对照实验表明,甲基橙在MFC中可以实现加速脱色,反应8 h后甲基橙在MFC中的脱色率提高了57%。该研究为开发新型MFC降解偶氮染料废水技术提供了理论依据。     

磷钼酸/聚乙烯醇复合纤维膜光降解甲基橙

运用静电纺丝技术制备了磷钼酸(H3PMo12O40)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合纤维膜,并对复合纤维膜光催化降解甲基橙模拟废水进行了研究。红外(FT-IR)测试显示,磷钼酸在复合纤维膜中仍保持Keggin结构。通过扫描电镜(SEM)可以看出,磷钼酸的质量分数为29.4%时,复合纤维的直径最小。紫外测试表明,将磷钼酸固载于PVA复合纤维上比直接使用具有更高的光催化活性,磷钼酸质量分数为25.0%,甲基橙溶液p H=2时,甲基橙的脱色率最高。复合纤维膜热处理后在水中稳定性较好,易于回收并循环使用,循环使用10次,甲基橙的脱色率无明显变化。